Kufufuza Chochititsa

PANAPITA zaka zambiri kuti atulukire chimene chinali kunyonyotsola dongosolo lotetezera thupi la odwala AIDS, koma zaka zochulukirapo zikupita asanadziŵe chimene chikuwononga matupi ndi ubongo wa odwala CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome). Ngakhale kuti chochititsa sichinadziŵidwebe, madokotala akhoza kupereka umboni wokhutiritsa wa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa matupi a odwala. Kwenikweni, umboni woterowo wagwiritsiridwa ntchito m’khoti.

Medical Post ya ku Canada inanena kuti pamlandu wina wovuta, akatswiri m’zamankhwala anapereka umboni wochirikiza zonena za ochinjiriza mlanduwo zakuti mphamvu yakulingalira bwino ya wodwalayo inawonongedwa ndi nthenda yakeyo. Motero woweruza wamkulu William G. N. Egbert anasonkhezeredwa kunena kuti: “Nthendayo imayambukira mbali iriyonse ya kulingalira bwino. . . . Mbali zazing’ono za ubongo zimawonongeka.”

Kodi nzowona zimenezi?

Zovuta za Muubongo

Kufufuza kwa zamankhwala kumachirikiza mfundo yakuti ubongo wa odwala CFS umayambukiridwa. The New York Times ya January 16, 1992, inali ndi mutu wakuti: “Kufufuza Kumasonyeza Zovuta za Muubongo wa Odwala Chronic Fatigue [Kutopa Kwalizunzo].” Nkhaniyo, yozikidwa pa lipoti lofalitsidwa dzulo lake mu Annals of Internal Medicine, inati:

“Kufufuza kwina kwakukulu kwa nthenda ya kutopa kwalizunzo kwapeza umboni wa kuvulala kwa ubongo wa odwala, ndiwo umboni woyamba wolembedwa wa vuto m’minyewa wogwirizanitsidwa ndi nthenda yosadziŵikayo.” Nkhaniyo inawonjezera kuti: “Kufufuzako nkwatsopano pakati pakufufuza kungapo kochitidwa posachedwapa kosonyeza kusiyana m’zotetezera thupi ndi mahomoni pakati pa anthu odwala nthendayo ndi awo athanzi labwino.”

Kufufuza kwina kumene kunachititsa chidwi ambiri kunaperekedwa m’kope la December 1991 la Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Kunapeza zisonyezero za kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa anabere otulutsa mahomoni ndi ubongo wa odwala CFS. Chotero kufufuzako kunawonjezera umboni wakuti kuyambukiridwa kwa makemikolo a m’thupi ndi zotetezera thupi kumatulutsa zizindikiro za CFS.

Dr. Walter Gunn, pamene anali kugwira ntchito pa CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control), anapenda kufufuza kwambiri kwa odwala CFS. Iye ananena kuti “asayansi ena abwino akuyamba kudziloŵetsamo m’kufufuza CFS.” Ngakhale kuti zopezedwa za kufufuza kumeneku kaŵirikaŵiri zinasonyeza kuthekera kwa zochititsa zosiyanasiyana, Dr. Gunn anagogomezera kuti: “Chinthu chimodzi chofanana mwa onse nchakuti palibe amene akupereka lipoti losonyeza kuti palibe zovuta.”

Kodi nchiyani, kapena nzotani zimene ziri zothekera kuchititsa CFS? Kodi kachirombo kapena tizirombo tikuphatikizidwapo? Ngati nditero, mwanjira yotani? Kodi ndimotani mmene dongosolo lotetezera thupi limayambukiridwira mowopsa? Kodi ndimotani mmene kulephera kwake kugwira bwino ntchito kungachititsire zizindikiro zowonekera mwa odwala CFS?

Zothekera Kukhala Zochititsa

Kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti tizirombo tikuphatikizidwapo. Koma kodi ntizirombo totani? Ofufuza alingalira tambiri. Totchedwa, “retroviruses, spuma, enteroviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, ndi herpesvirus type 6 kopezeka m’matupi a anthu, tonseti tiri pakati pa zinthu zolingaliridwa kwambiri kukhala zoichititsa,” inatero The Journal of the American Medical Association ya November chaka chatha.

Kodi ndimotani mmene tizirombo tingayambitsire CFS? Zimenezo nzosadziŵika. Komabe, Dr. Anthony L. Komaroff, wofufuza wotchuka wa CFS, ananena kuti: “Chizindikiro chimene chikuwonekera nchadongosolo lotetezera thupi limene likuchititsidwa kugwira ntchito mopitirizabe, dongosolo lotetezera thupi limene likumenya mtundu wa nkhondo yosalekeza molimbana ndi kanthu kena kamene likukawona kukhala mdani.”

Dongosolo lamphamvu lotetezera thupi limaukira kachirombo kapena tizirombo taudani, mwakutulutsa makemikolo, otchedwa macytokine, kuti alimbane ndi adani. Komabe, pamene vutolo lagonjetsedwa, kutulutsidwa kwa macytokine kumalekeka. Koma mwa odwala CFS, dongosolo lotetezera thupi limalephera kutsekeka. Mfundo yofunika, chimene chimapezedwa nthaŵi zonse mwa anthu odwala CFS ndicho kutulutsidwa kopambanitsa kwa macytokine.

Ichi nchofunika kudziŵa, popeza kuti sikachirombo kamene kamapangitsa munthu kumva kudwala pamene kaloŵa m’thupi mwake. Amamva kudwala chifukwa chakuti maselo a thupi lake akutulutsa macytokine, amene amachititsa malungowo, kulumaluma, ndi kutopa. Dr. William Carter, profesala wa zamankhwala wa ku United States, anati: “Macytokine amakhalapobe ndipo amayamba kuwononga munthuyo kufikira pamene tiwona wodwala wosadzuka pakama amene satha kusuntha.”

Komabe, kodi nchiyani chimene chimapangitsa dongosolo lotetezera thupi kupitirizabe kutulutsa macytokine pamene kuli kwakuti linayenera kuleka? “Kachirombo kobisala kamagalamutsidwa ndi zinthu zina,” malinga nkunena kwa Dr. Jay A. Goldstein, “kamene kamapangitsa maselo a dongosolo lotetezera thupi kutulutsa [macytokine] muunyinji wochulukitsitsa.”

Ndiponso, kukuwonekera kuti maselo akupha maselo owononga thupi ndi otchedwa mamacrophage, amene amatetezera tizirombo taudani, amachepetsedwa muunyinji wawo kapena kagwiridwe kawo kantchito mwa odwala CFS, kufooketsanso dongosolo lotetezera thupi. Chofunika kudziŵa nchakuti dongosolo lotetezera thupi la odwala CFS limawonekera kukhala lolephera kugwira bwino ntchito, ngakhale kuti malingaliro amasiyana ponena za chifukwa chake limatero.

Monga momwe tawonera m’nkhani yapitayo, kaŵirikaŵiri madokotala amanena kuti mwa odwala ambiri kuchita tondovi sindiko kumachititsa CFS. Komabe, mwa odwala ena madokotala ena amalingalira kuti mavuto amalingaliro, monga ngati tondovi, angakhale zosonkhezera. Mokondweretsa, kufufuza kwavumbula kuti kuchita tondovi kukhoza kuwononga dongosolo lotetezera thupi. “Kupsinjika maganizo kwenikweniko kukhoza kudodometsa kugwira bwino ntchito kwa mahomoni a muubongo ndi maselo otetezera thupi,” akulemba motero Dr. Kurt Kroenke, wa pa Walter Reed Army Medical Center mu Washington, D.C.

Chotero, m’zochitika zina kuchita tondovi kukhoza kuyambitsa masinthidwe ena m’dongosolo lotetezera thupi kumene kungasonkhezere CFS. Komabe, mwina zosonkhezera zina zimene zingafooketse dongosolo lotetezera thupi zikuphatikizidwanso.

Zosonkhezera Zochuluka

Ofufuza ambiri amavomereza kuti nkosathekera kwenikweni kuti ndichinthu chimodzi chimene chimachititsa CFS. “Mmalomwake, mwina CFS ndinthenda imene imagwira munthu amene dongosolo lake lotetezera thupi linawonongedwa kumlingo winawake mwakuchita tondovi, [utenda], kuyambukiridwa ndi tizirombo, kapena zinthu zina zachititsa kulepthera kwa kutetezera thupi,” analongosola motero magazini azamankhwala a Cortlandt Forum.

Dokotala wina, polemba mu Medical Post ya ku Canada anati: “Pangakhale kuthekera kwa kuyambukiridwa kwa m’majini ndiponso kuwonongeka kwa thupi kungakhale chochititsa china. Ndiyeno chinthu chowopsa, kaŵirikaŵiri kuyambukiridwa kowopsa ndi kachirombo, kumakantha wodwalayo. Zisonkhezero zonsezi pamodzi mwinamwake zimachititsa kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lotetezera thupi.”

“Kuchita tondovi ndiko chimodzi cha zosonkhezera zazikulu koposa chimene timawona,” anatero Dr. Charles Lapp. “Nthaŵi zina tawona makemikolo ena kukhala osonkhezera. . . . Ndipo mwakuda nkhaŵa, odwala ambiri obwera kwa ine (ngakhale kuti sitinafufuzebe) anena kuti mankhwala ophera tizirombo, penti, ndi vanishi zinawonekera kukhala zinaphatikizidwamo pamene nthenda yawo inabuka.”

Palibe nthaŵi iriyonse m’mbiri ya anthu pamene matupi awo anakhala paupandu wowopsa wakuyambukiridwa ndi kuipitsidwa kwa malo owazinga mofanana ndi lerolino. Zokoleretsa chakudya ndi mankhwala zingavulazenso thupi ndi kuyambukira mowopsa dongosolo lotetezera thupi. Madokotala ena amanenadi kuti kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kwanthaŵi yaitali kumavulaza dongosolo lotetezera thupi.

Zosonkhezera zinanso zingaphatikizidwe m’kuvutika kumene timawona mwa odwala CFS mazana ambiri. Koma ngakhale kuti pali zizindikiro zambirimbiri ndi kuthekera kochititsa chidwi, chochititsa CFS sichikudziŵidwabe.

Chizindikiro cha Masiku Otsiriza

Muulosi wake waukulu wonena za masiku otsiriza a dongosolo ladziko, Yesu Kristu ananeneratu kuti: “Kudzakhala . . . miliri m’malo akutiakuti.” (Luka 21:11) Nzowona chotani nanga m’nthaŵi yathu zimenezi! Matenda ochuluka amasiku ano sadziŵika chowachititsa, komabe chimenechi sichimawapangitsa konse kuleka kukhala enieni kapena kukhala ofooketsa.

CFS mwachiwonekere yangokhala nthenda ina imene iri mbali ya chizindikiro chimene Yesu ananena kuti chidzazindikiritsa masiku otsiriza. Koma kudziŵa zimenezi sikumachepetsa kuvutika kwa odwalawo. Kodi ndimotani mmene odwala CFS angachitire ndi vuto lawo?