Achichepere Akufunsa Kuti . . .

Kodi Kumwa Kungandimwerekeretsedi?

ZONSEZO zinayamba pamene Jerome anali wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi zokha zakubadwa. “Ndinalaŵa zakumwa zotsala paphwando lochitidwira panyumba, ndinaledzera, ndipo ndinakonda mmene ndinamvera,” akufotokoza motero. Kugula, kubisa, ndi kumwa zoledzeretsa mwamsanga kunafikira kukhala mchitidwe watsiku ndi tsiku wa Jerome. Komabe, iye akuvomereza kuti: “Sindinadziŵe kuti ndinali ndi vuto kufikira pausinkhu wazaka 17 zakubadwa. Pamene ena anali kufisula, ndinali kumwa [theka la theka la litala] la vodka!”

Kumwa bwino ndi kumwa moipa zoledzeretsa kukuwonjezereka pamlingo wowopsa pakati pa achichepere kuzungulira padziko lonse. Mu United States mokha, oposa mamiliyoni khumi—theka limodzi—la ophunzira a ku Amereka ausinkhu wazaka 13 mpaka 18 anamwapo pafupifupi kamodzi m’chaka chatha. Pafupifupi mamiliyoni asanu ndi atatu amamwa pamlingo wamlungu ndi mlungu. Kunena zowona, azaka 13-19 a United States amamwa zitini za moŵa zoposa mamiliyoni chikwi chimodzi ndi mabotolo a vinyo wozizira, chakumwa cha vinyo wosanganizidwa ndi makokokola oposa mamiliyoni 300, pachaka!

Ponena za zakumwa zoledzeretsa Baibulo limati: “Wosokera nazo alibe nzeru.” (Miyambo 20:1) Komabe, mamiliyoni ambiri a achichepere, mofanana ndi Jerome, amasokeretsedwa ndi zoledzeretsa. Kodi pali ngozi zotani za kumwa molakwa zoledzeretsa? Kodi mungadziŵe motani ngati mukumwerekera?

Zoledzeretsa ndi Uchidakwa

Pamene zakonzedwa monga vinyo wozizira wonyezimira kapena moŵa woŵira, zoledzeretsa zimawonekera kukhala zosavulaza konse. Komabe, kukoma ndi mawonekedwe zingakhale zosokeretsa. Zoledzeretsa ndizo namgoneka—wamphamvu.

Madokotala amanena kuti zoledzeretsa ndizo zotsendereza zimene zimayambukira ubongo, zikumagwira ntchito m’dongosolo lalikulu la minyewa. Zitamwedwa mwachikatikati ndi wachikulire, zingakhale ndi chiyambukiro chosavulaza, chokondweretsa. “Vinyo . . . wokondweretsa mtima wa munthu,” limatero Salmo 104:15. Komabe, kumwa zoledzeretsa zambiri kungaledzeretse—mkhalidwe umene kulamulira thupi ndi maganizo kumalepheretsedwa kwambiri. Mofanana ndi Jerome, munthu angamwerekere, mwaupandu akumalumpha malire a kufuna kumwa kufikira pa kufunikira kapena kulakalaka kutero. Kodi nchifukwa ninji zimenezi zimachitika? Thupi lingayambe kupimbidzala ndi zoledzeretsazo ngati zimwedwa mopambanitsa. Womwayo kenako ayenera kumwa zochuluka mowonjezereka kuti apeze ziyambukiro zake. Komabe, asanakuzindikire, iye wamwerekera. Mwamsanga munthuyo atamwerekera, moyo wake umasinthidwa moipa. Achichepere a ku United States pafupifupi mamiliyoni asanu ali ndi vuto la kumwa.

Chifukwa Chake Amamwa

M’ma 1930 wazaka 13-19 wamba wa ku United States anayamba kulaŵa chakumwa choledzeretsa pausinkhu wapafupifupi zaka 18. Lerolino, iye amatero asanafike zaka 13. Ena amayamba ngakhale adakali achichepere koposerapo. “Ndinali wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zakubadwa, . . . ndipo ndinapsontha mowa pang’ono m’chikho cha agogo ŵanga ŵaamuna. . . . Ndinachangamuka kwambiri!” Akukumbukira motero Carlotta—yemwe akuwonjoka ku uchidakwa. Pamene muyamba muli wachichepere kwambiri, ndipamenenso mwachiwonekere kwambiri mudzamwerekera.

Ndithudi, amsinkhu wanu kaŵirikaŵiri ali ndi chitsenderezo chachikulu pankhaniyi. Koma nthaŵi zina makolo alinso ndi liwongo. Ena amadzimwerekeretsa, amagwiritsira ntchito zoledzeretsa monga mchirikizo wamalingaliro, kapena ngakhale kudzitama kuti amamwa zoledzeretsa zambiri popanda kuledzera. Kabukhu konena za uchidakwa kamati: “Ana amene amakhala achikulire omamwa molingalira kaŵirikaŵiri amachokera m’mabanja amene zoledzeretsa zimachitiridwa mosamala ndi mosatengeka maganizo . . . , kumene kumwa kuli ndi malo ake oyenera.”a

Wailesi yakanema ndiyo chisonkhezero china chachikulu pa achichepere. Podzafika pausinkhu wazaka 18 wachichepere wamba wa ku Amereka watowona zochitika zakumwa 75,000 pa TV—nthaŵi 11 patsiku. Mawu otsatsa malonda amachenjera, olinganizidwa mwanzeru kupangitsa kumwa kuwonekera kukhala njira yoloŵera m’chisangalalo ndi m’zachikondi, amasonyeza anthu amawonekedwe achisembwere akumamwa m’mikhalidwe ya mapwando ophokosera. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimapangidwa kuti zidzinunkhira ngati zipatso ndi maina ochititsa chidwi a opanga. Zilengezo zotsatsa malonda zimagwira ntchito. Pakutha kwamlungu kulikonse, achichepere a ku United States 454,000 amamka kukamwa mosalamulirika, zikumasonkhezera mkulu wa madokotala a opareshoni kunena kuti ambiri a iwo “ali kale zidakwa, ndipo otsala onse angakhale ataloŵa kale panjira ya kutero.”

Komabe, achichepere ena, amasonkhezeredwa kumwa ndi kusakhazikika kwamaganizo awo. Kim anavumbula chifukwa chake anapapira moŵa: “Ndinamwa [zoledzeretsa] kuti ndichangamuke ndi kuti ndipeze bwinopo.” Ngati wachichepere ali wamanyazi kapena ngwoluluzika, kumwa kungawonekere kukhala njira yokopa. Komabe, ena amamwa kuti atsekereze mikhalidwe yopweteka ya moyo, yonga kuchitiridwa nkhanza kapena kunyanyalidwa kochitidwa ndi makolo. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Ana anayamba kumwa? “Sindinapeze chikondi chimene ndinafunikira.”

Chirichonse chimene chiri chifukwa choyambira, m’kupita kwanthaŵi wachichepereyo angakupeze kukhala kovuta mowonjezerekawonjezereka kulamulira kamwedwe kake. Zitatero angadzipeze kukhala atayang’anizana ndi mkhalidwe wauchidakwa. Kodi mwayamba kumwa? Pamenepo yankhani mafunso apamutu wakuti “Chiyambire Pamene Munayamba Kumwa.” Mungapeze zotulukapo kukhala zovumbula kwambiri.

Zoledzeretsa—Nzaupandu kwa Achichepere!

“Ngamene achedwa pali vinyo” amene akuchenjezedwa ndi Baibulo kuti “pachitsiriziro chake . . . najompha ngati mamba.” (Miyambo 23:29-32) Ululu woikidwa m’thupi ndi njoka yapaizoni ungavulaze kapena kupha munthu mwapang’onopang’ono ndi mopweteka kwambiri. (Yerekezerani ndi Machitidwe 28:3, 6.) Mofananamo, kumwa molakwa kwanthaŵi yaitali ndi kwakukulu kwa zoledzeretsa kungakupheni mwapang’onopang’ono. Kungavulaze kapena kuwononga ziŵalo zanu zofunika, zonga chiŵindi chanu, msoso, ubongo, ndi mtima. Matupi ndi maganizo omakula amayambukiridwadi mwamsanga ndi chivulazo choterocho, chimene nthaŵi zina chiri chosachiritsika.

Kumwa moipa zoledzeretsa kungakhale kovulaza mowonjezereka malingaliro anu koposa thupi lanu. Chakumwacho mwakanthaŵi chingawonjezere chidaliro chanu. Koma chidaliro chimene chimakupatsani nchonyenga—ndipo ziyambukirozo nthaŵi zonse zimazimiririka. Panthaŵiyo mumapinimbiritsa kukula kwanu mwamalingaliro ndi mwamaganizo. Mmalo mwa kuyanguluka ndi kuyang’anizana ndi zenizeni, mumafunanso zoledzeretsa zina. Koma pambuyo pa kusaledzera kwamiyezi 11, Peter wazaka 18 akunena kuti: “Ndiri ndi vuto la kuphunzira kuthana ndi malingaliro anga ndi kupeza njira zatsopano zolimbanirana ndi mikhalidwe imene zoledzeretsa zinandithandiza kuthana nazo kalelo. Ndikuwona kuti mwamalingaliro ndi mwamakhalidwe ndiri pafupifupi wazaka khumi ndi zitatu zakubadwa.”

Ndiyeno pali maupandu a kumwa ndi kuyendetsa galimoto. Imfa za ngozi za pamsewu zogwirizanitsidwa ndi zoledzeretsa ndizo chochititsa imfa za achichepere a mu United States choyamba. Kumwa nkogwirizanitsidwanso ndi kupha, kudzipha, ndi kumira—zochititsa zina zazikulu za imfa za achichepere.

Ndiponso, kumwa moipa zoledzeretsa kungakhale ndi ziyambukiro zovulaza pa moyo wa banja lanu, maubwenzi, maphunziro anu kusukulu, ndi mkhalidwe wauzimu. Baibulo limakufotokoza motere: “Ndisonyeze munthu amene amamwa mopambanitsa, . . . ndipo ndidzakusonyeza munthu wausiwa ndi wodzimvera chisoni, nthaŵi zonse akumapangitsa mavuto ndi nthaŵi zonse kumadandaula. Maso ake ali ofiira piriŵiri, ndipo ali ndi mikwingwirima imene ikanapeŵedwa. . . . Udzalingalira monga ngati unali panyanja, kudwalira nyanja, kukankhidwira m’mwamba m’mafunde a chingalaŵa chomatengeka.” (Miyambo 23:29-34, Today’s English Version) Imeneyi ndiyo mbali ya kumwa imene siimasonyezedwa konse m’mawu otsatsa malonda osangalatsa a pa TV.

Kodi Nkuyambiranji?

Chifukwa chake maiko ambiri amaletsa achichepere kumwa zoledzeretsa. Ngati muli Mkristu, muli ndi chifukwa chosonkhezera cha kumvera malamulo ameneŵa, pakuti Mulungu amakulamulirani ‘kumvera maulamuliro a akulu.’ (Aroma 13:1, 2) Ngakhale ngati kumwa zoledzeretsa pakati pa achichepere kuli kololedwa mwalamulo chifukwa cha mwambo wa m’malowo, kodi kuli kokukomeranidi kwambiri kuyamba kumwa panthaŵiyi ya moyo wanu? Monga momwe 1 Akorinto 6:12 amanenera, “Zinthu zonse ziloledwa . . . koma si zonse zipindula.” Kodi mwakonzekeradi kunyamula thayo la zakumwa zoledzeretsa?

Zowona, pamene amsinkhu wanu akupatsani vinyo wozizira wonyezimira, kungakhale kopereka chiyeso kulaŵa mmene umakomera. Komabe, zindikiranitu, kuti mukupatsidwa namgoneka wokhoza kukumwerekeretsani. Achichepere aumulungu a m’nthaŵi Zabaibulo, onga Danieli, Sadrake, Mesake ndi Abedinego, anali ndi kulimba mtima kwa kuima nji pamaso pa olamulira Achibabulo ndi kukana zakudya zodetsa ndi vinyo zimene anagaŵiridwa ndi mfumu yachikunja ya ku Babulo. Nanunso mungakhale ndi kulimba mtima kwa kunena kuti toto!—Danieli 1:3-17.

M’nthaŵi yokwanira mudzakhala wachikulire mokwanira—mwalamulo, mwamaganizo, mwamalingaliro, ndi mwakuthupi—kumwa zoledzeretsa ngati zimenezo ziri chosankha chanu. Ngakhale zitatero, mudzakhala anzeru ngati mudzakhala wachikatikati ndi kupewa kumwerekera. Achichepere ambiri amwerekera kale, ndipo nkhani yamtsogolo idzalongosola zimene angachite kuwonjoka.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 26]

CHIYAMBIRE PAMENE MUNAYAMBA KUMWA:

◻ Kodi muli ndi mabwenzi osiyana kapena ocheperapo?

◻ Kodi moyo panyumba ngwovuta koposerapo?

◻ Kodi mumavutika pogona, kapena kodi mumapsinjika maganizo kapena kuda nkhaŵa?

◻ Kodi mumafunikira kupsonthako moŵa kuti mumve bwino pakati pa ena?

◻ Kodi musowa chimwemwe kapena kudziwona muli wogwiritsidwa mwala mutamwa?

◻ Kodi mumanama kapena kubisa za chenicheni chakuti mumamwa?

◻ Kodi mumakhumudwa kapena mumakwiya pamene winawake amatchula zizoloŵezi zanu za kumwa?

◻ Kodi winawake anakupatsanipo uphungu kapena kungoseka ponena za kumwa kwanu zoledzeretsa?

◻ Kodi mumakhulupirira kuti vinyo wozizira ndi mowa wamba uli bwino kwa inu kumwa chifukwa chakuti sumafulumira kuledzeretsa mofanana ndi kachasu?

◻ Kodi mwataya chikondwerero kapena mwasiya zomwe munkakondwera kuchita kapena maseŵera amene panthaŵi ina munkasangalala nawo?

Ngati mwayankha kuti inde kumafunso oposa aŵiri, zingasonyeze kuti muli ndi vuto lowopsa la kumwa. Ngati ziri choncho, mungachite mwanzeru kufunafuna chithandizo mwamsanga.

Magwero: THE REGENT HOSPITAL, New York, NY.

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Zidakwa zambiri zinayamba vuto la kumwa adakali achichepere