“Dongosolo La Dziko Latsopano”—Chiyambi Chake Chinali Chosalimba

YOLEMBEDWA NDI MTOLANKHANI WA GALAMUKANI! KU GERMANY

PAMENE chaka cha 1991 chinayamba, anthu anayembekezera zabwino. Nkhondo ya Mawu kunalibenso. Zoona, panali vuto la Kuwait, amene analandidwa ndi Iraq m’August wapitayo. Koma United Nations inasonyeza mphamvu zake nilamulira Iraq kuchoka podzafika January 15. Lamulo limenelo linachirikizidwa ndi mgwirizano wa United Nations wa magulu a nkhondo a maiko 28 amene analinganizidwa ndi amene anali okonzekera kukakamiza Iraq kugonja. Panali chiyembekezo chakuti kaimidwe kamphamvu kameneko kotengedwa ndi maiko kanasonyeza chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano.

George Bush, pulezidenti wa United States panthaŵiyo, analankhula za “kuthekera kwa ife eni ndi mibadwo ya mtsogolo, kupanga dongosolo la dziko latsopano, dziko mmene kumvera lamulo, ndipo osati mpikisano wa wafawafa, kudzalamulira kakhalidwe ka maiko onse.”

Potsirizira pake Iraq ananyalanyaza tsiku lomwe anamuikira la January 15, ndipo ndege zambiri ndi mamisaelo zinaphulitsa nkhokwe za zida za Iraq chifukwa cha zimenezo. Ndithudi, maikowo sanafune maseŵera ayi. Patapita miyezi yochepera itatu, pa April 11, UN inalengeza kutha kwa Gulf War. Lonjezo la dongosolo la dziko latsopano la mtendere, lokhazikika m’zachuma ndi zandale linaoneka ngati linali kukwaniritsidwa.

Nkhondo Zolimba Kosautsa

Chapakati pa 1991, malipabuliki aŵiri, Slovenia ndi Croatia, analengeza ufulu wa kudzilamulira kuchoka m’Yugoslavia wa panthaŵiyo, akumayambitsa nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni imene m’kupita kwa nthaŵi inayambitsa mitundu ingapo yodziimira payokha. Posapita ndi chaka chimodzi, wothirira ndemanga pa zandale wachifalansa Pierre Hassner anati: “Mofanana ndi Ulaya wokhalako 1914 isanafike, dongosolo la dziko latsopano la George Bush linafera m’Sarajevo.” Chikhalirechobe, chiyembekezo cha mtendere chinakula pamene makambirano anayambika ku Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A., m’November 1995 ndi pamene pangano la mtendere linasainidwa ku Paris pa December 14. Ndi iko komwe, pamene 1995 anafika kumapeto kwake panakhalanso chiyembekezo chakuti dongosolo la dziko latsopano silinazimiririke.

Malipabuliki a Union of Soviet Socialist Republics anali kugaŵanikana pang’onopang’ono. Mu 1991, Lithuania, Estonia, ndi Latvia anali oyamba kudzipatula, ndipo ena anatsatira mofulumira. Mgwirizano wosalimba wotchedwa Commonwealth of Independent States unakhazikitsidwa m’December, ngakhale kuti ena omwe kale anali mamembala a Soviet Union anakana kuloŵa mu mgwirizanowo. Ndiyeno, pa December 25, Gorbachev anatula pansi udindo wake wa upulezidenti wa Soviet Union.

Komabe, ngakhale malipabuliki lililonse palokha anayamba kudzipatula. Mwachitsanzo, Chechnya, boma laling’ono lachisilamu lokhala m’dera lakumpoto la Caucasus la Russia, linali kumenyera ufulu wa kudzilamulira. Kuyesa kwake kudzipatula kumapeto kwa 1994 kunachititsa asilikali a Russia kuthira nkhondo yochititsa mkangano. Ngakhale kuti anthu pafupifupi 30,000 ataya miyoyo yawo kuchokera pamene vutolo linayamba kuchiyambi cha ma 1990, nkhondoyo yapitirizabe mpaka chaka chino.

Podzafika October 1995, nkhondo ngati 27 mpaka 46—malinga ndi mmene amazifotokozera—zinali kumenyedwa kuzungulira dziko lonse.

Chuma Chinali pa Mphephenu

Kuchiyambi kwa ma 1990, dongosolo la dziko latsopano linayamba kukhala losalimba osati m’zandale zokha komanso m’zachuma.

Mu 1991, Nicaragua anatsitsa ndalama yake, koma ngakhale anatero, 25 miliyoni cordobas inali kungogula chabe dola imodzi ya United States. Zidakali choncho, Zaire anaona kukwera kwa mitengo ya zinthu ndi 850 peresenti, kukakamiza nzika zake kukhala pakati pa maiko okhala ndi moyo wa umphaŵi wadzaoneni. Chuma cha Russia chinali pavuto. Mitengo inakwera ndi 2,200 peresenti pachaka mu 1992, kuchititsa ndalama kukhala zopanda pake. Ngakhale kuti zinthu pambuyo pake zinawongokera, mu 1995 mavuto a zachuma sanathebe.

Kunamveka mbiri yoipa koposa m’zaka za zana lino pa zandalama mu 1991, pamene Bank of Credit & Commerce International inagwa chifukwa cha chinyengo ndi machitachita ena a ukathyali. Osungitsako ndalama m’maiko 62 anataya ndalama zawo zokwanira mabiliyoni m’madola a United States.

Mitundu imene inali kudzandira si yokha ija ya chuma chosaukira ayi; Germany wamphamvu anakanikizidwa ndi mtengo wa kugwirizanitsa maiko aŵiriwo. Ulova unakula pamene antchito anafuna matchuthi otalikirapo ndi chisamaliro chabwino cha zamankhwala. Kusapita kuntchito kwa anthu ambiri ndi kudyerera thandizo la boma kunawonjezera mtolo pa chuma chake.

Ku United States, masoka oipa otsatizana anasokoneza zinthu m’makampani a inshuwalansi, kwakuti zinakhala zowavuta kulipira anthu ofuna inshuwalansi yawo. Ndipo mu 1993 buku lakuti Bankruptcy 1995: The Coming Collapse of America and How to Stop It linachenjeza za ngozi ya kukwera kwa ngongole za boma ndi kupereŵera kwa bajeti yake. Ngakhale kulimba konga kwa Thanthwe la Gibraltar kwa inshuwalansi yachibritishi ya Lloyd’s ya ku London anakukayikira. Pokhala itataya ndalama zambiri, inakakamizika kulingalira zosalingalirika—kuthekera kwa kugwa.

Chipembedzo, Mphamvu Yolimbitsa?

Mu 1991 Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung ya ku Germany ya tsiku ndi tsiku inati: “Lingaliro limeneli la dongosolo la dziko latsopano lazikidwa pa mwambo wa nthaŵi yaitali wa malingaliro a America ponena za dziko lonse amene ali achipembedzo ndiponso onenedwa m’mawu achikristu.”

Mbiri yachipembedzo imeneyi, wina angaganize motero, inayenera kulimbitsa kwambiri dongosolo la dziko latsopano. Koma m’malo mwake kusalekererana kwa zipembedzo ndi kulimbana kwawo kwachititsa bata kusakhalapo m’madera ambiri. Algeria ndi Egypt anali aŵiri a maboma angapo osamvana okhala ndi Asilamu osunga mwambo. Funde la uchigaŵenga wosonkhezeredwa ndi zipembedzo linakantha maiko aŵiriwo. Zipolowe zachipembedzo ku India zinaphatikizapo nyengo ya masiku asanu ndi anayi ya chiwawa cha zipembedzo ku Bombay mu 1993 chimene chinapha anthu oposa 550.

Kugaŵanikana kwa zipembedzo kunalepheretsa kugwirizana kwa Akristu mu 1994 pamene Tchalitchi cha Angilikani chinaika akazi 32 kukhala ansembe. Papa John Paul II anati ichi ndi “chopinga chachikulu cha ziyembekezo zawo zonse za kugwirizanitsa Tchalitchi cha Katolika ndi Angilikani.”

Pa April 19, 1993, kulimbana kwa boma la United States ndi akagulu kachipembedzo, ka Branch Davidians—kumene poyamba kunali kutawachititsa kupumirana kumudzi wa kaguluko ku Waco, Texas, ndi kuphedwa kwa maofesala a boma anayi—kunaphetsa akaguluko osachepera 75. Patapita zaka ziŵiri, panakhala kufufuza kuti mwina bomba la chigaŵenga limene linapha anthu 168 panyumba ya boma ku Oklahoma City linali kubwezera kwa a Waco.

Dziko linadabwa kuchiyambi kwa 1995 kumva za zigaŵenga zimene zinatsegulira mpweya wapoizoni m’njanje zapansi pa nthaka ku Tokyo. Anthu khumi anafa, ndipo ena zikwi zambiri anadwala. Ndipo dziko linadabwa kwambiri pamene mlanduwo unapezeka ndi kagulu kachipembedzo kolosera za mapeto a dziko kotchedwa Aum Shinrikyo, kapena Aum Supreme Truth.

Zikondwerero za Chaka Zazikulu Zopanda Zambiri Zokondwerera

Mu 1492, Columbus mosayembekezera anafika ku Western Hemisphere (Chigawo Chakumadzulo cha Dziko). Chikondwerero cha mu 1992 cha chaka cha 500 chokumbukira chochitika chimenechi chinali chamkangano. Mbadwa pafupifupi 40 miliyoni za Amwenye achimereka zinakwiya nalo lingaliro lakuti Mzungu “anatumba” maiko amene makolo awo anakhalako ndi kutukuka zaka zambiri iye asanabadwe nkomwe. Ena anatcha woyendera maloyo “kalambula bwalo wa kudyerera ndi chilakiko.” Kunena zoona, kufika kwa Columbus ku Western Hemisphere kunadzetsa tsoka m’malo mwa dalitso kwa eni dzikowo. Otchedwa olakika achikristu anawalanda nthaka yawo, ufulu wa kudzilamulira, ulemu, ndi moyo.

Mu September 1995, Israel anayamba chikondwerero cha miyezi 16 chokumbukira chaka cha 3,000 cha chilakiko cha Mfumu Davide pa Yerusalemu. Koma chikondwererocho chinayamba ndi chisoni pamene Nduna Yaikulu Yitzhak Rabin anawomberedwa mfuti pa November 4 ndi munthu wina wachiŵembu patapita mphindi zingapo pambuyo polankhula pamsonkhano wamtendere. Zimenezo zinasokoneza njira ya mtendere wa ku Middle East, kusonyeza kuti pali kusamvana kowopsa kwachipembedzo osati chabe pakati pa Ayuda ndi Apalestina komanso pakati pa Ayuda okhaokha.

Panalinso zikondwerero za zaka za 50 zingapo pakati pa 1991 ndi 1995 zokhudza Nkhondo Yadziko II—kuukiridwa kwa Pearl Harbor, kumene kunasonkhezera United States kuloŵa m’nkhondo; kulanda Ulaya kwa Magulu Ogwirizana; kulanditsidwa kwa misasa ya chibalo ya Nazi; chilakiko cha Magulu Ogwirizana ku Ulaya; ndi kuphulitsa bomba loyamba la atomu pa Japan. Chifukwa cha kukhetsa mwazi ndi misozi kwa zochitikazi, anthu ena anafunsa ngati kuti zinthuzo zinali zoyenereradi kuzikumbukira.

Zimenezi zinatsogolera ku chikondwerero china cha chochitika chachikulu, kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu la United Nations m’October 1945.

Panthaŵiyo anthu anakhulupirira kwambiri kuti njira yopezera mtendere wa dziko inali itapezeka.

United Nations, malinga ndi mmene Boutros Boutros-Ghali, mlembi wake wamkulu, ananenera posachedwapa kuichirikiza, yapeza zipambano zambiri. Koma sinathe kukwaniritsa cholinga cha tchata chake, cha “kusungitsa mtendere wa dziko lonse ndi chisungiko.” Nthaŵi zambiri magulu ake a nkhondo ayesa kusungitsa mtendere kumadera kumene kulibe mtendere woti usungidwe. Pofika 1995, iyo yalephera kuuzira moyo m’dongosolo la dziko latsopano losalimbalo.

Pamene Dongosolo la Dziko Latsopano Linali Kudzandira, Teokrase Yoona Inali Kutukuka!

Mkati mwa kusakhazikika kwa ndale, chuma, ndi zipembedzo kumene kunawononga ziyembekezo zawo za dongosolo la dziko latsopano pamaso pawo, anthu ena anayamba kulankhula za kupanda dongosolo kwa dziko latsopano. Pamene zimenezi zinali kuchitika, Mboni za Yehova zinaona umboni winanso wakuti dziko latsopano lodzetsedwa ndi Mulungu ndilo lokha limene lidzakhala lokhazikika m’chitaganya cha anthu.

M’maiko ena, kutha kwa Nkhondo ya Mawu kunapatsa Mboni za Yehova ufulu wokulirapo, kuwalola kuchita misonkhano ya mitundu yonse ku Budapest, Kiev, Moscow, Prague, St. Petersburg, Warsaw, ndi kwina. Imeneyi inalimbitsa makonzedwe a mpingo apadziko lonse a Mboni za Yehova ndi kuthandizira kufulumiza ntchito yawo yolalikira. Chifukwa chake, nzosadabwitsa kuti chiŵerengero cha Mboni zokangalika mu dera limodzi loka la malowa chinawonjezeka kuchoka pa 49,171 mu 1991 kufika pa 153,361 mu 1995. Pazaka zinayi zomwezo, chiŵerengero cha Mboni padziko lonse chinawonjezeka kuchoka pa 4,278,820 kufika pa 5,199,895. Teokrase yoona inatukuka kuposa ndi kalelonse!

Inde, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri tsopano asumika chiyembekezo chawo cha mtsogolo pa lonjezo la Yehova Mulungu la “miyamba yatsopano, ndi dziko latsopano” mmene ‘mudzakhalitsa chilungamo.’ (2 Petro 3:10, 13) Zimenezo nzanzeru chotani nanga kuposa kuyang’ana ku dongosolo la dziko latsopano la munthu, limene, pokhala ndi chiyambi chosalimba, lidzagubuduzidwa posachedwapa kusakhalakonso!—Danieli 2:44.