Khalidwe Loipa Kodi Mtengo Wake Ngwaukulu Motani?

“MATENDA ndi mbuye wa munthu aliyense,” umatero mwambi wachidanishi. Aliyense yemwe wadwalapo matenda aakulu angavomereze msanga kuti “mbuye” ameneyu amakhala wankhanza zedi! Komabe, mwina mungadabwe kudziŵa kuti nthaŵi zambiri matenda ali ngati mlendo wochita kumuitana osati mbuye ayi. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ya ku United States ikuti pamasiku omwe odwala amagona m’chipatala, okwanira 30 peresenti amakhala chifukwa cha matenda ndi kuvulala zimene zingapeŵeke. Chochititsa? Khalidwe loipa ndiponso langozi. Nazi zitsanzo zina.

KUSUTA. Ira, wazaka 53, ali ndi mtundu wa chifuŵa cha emphysema—chifukwa chosuta fodya zaka pafupifupi makumi anayi. Kuti asamalire matenda akewo, amafunika nthaŵi zonse kukhala ndi botolo la oxygen, limene amagula ndalama ngati $400 pamwezi. Mu 1994 anawononga ndalama $18,000 chifukwa chogona m’chipatala masiku asanu ndi anayi, choncho ndalama zonse zomwe Ira anawononga kusamalira thanzi lake chaka chomwecho zinaposa $20,000. Ngakhale ndi tero, Ira saganizako zosiya kusuta. “Simungathe kukhulupirira chibaba chomwe ndili nacho,” akutero.

Ira saali yekha ayi. Ngakhale kuti ambiri amaidziŵa bwino ngozi ya kusuta, anthu padziko lonse amasuta ndudu ngati 15,000,000,000 masiku onse. Ku United States, akuti amawononga ndalama ngati $50,000,000,000 pachaka kusamalira matenda a kusuta. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti mu 1993, papaketi iliyonse ya ndudu yogulidwa, ndalama pafupifupi $2.06 inali yolipirira matenda a kusuta.

Mwana atabadwa, ndalama zowonongedwa kusamalira matenda a kusuta zingayambe kuunjikana. Kungotchula chitsanzo chimodzi chabe, ofufuza ku United States anapeza kuti nzotheka kwambiri kuti makanda obadwa kwa amayi omwe amasuta nkukhala ndi milomo yong’ambika ndi m’kamwa mong’ambika kumwamba, matenda amene angafune maopaleshoni anayi pofika zaka ziŵiri. Ndalama zomwe zingawonongedwe pamoyo kusamalira matenda ameneŵa ndi zina ndi $100,000 pamunthu mmodzi. Inde, kulibe unyinji wa ndalama zomwe zingalingane ndi nsautso ya mtima imene chilema chimadzetsa.

Ena amati ndalama zochuluka zosamalira matenda a kusuta zimasungika chifukwa chakuti osuta ambiri amafa isanakwane nthaŵi yoti alandire chithandizo cha boma cha Social Security. Komabe, malinga ndi The New England Journal of Medicine, “maganizo ameneŵa ambiri sagwirizana nawo; ndiponso, ambiri angavomereze kuti kufa msanga chifukwa cha kusuta sindiko njira yaumunthu yosungitsira ndalama zosamalira thanzi.”

KUMWETSA MOŴA. Kumwetsa moŵa akuti kumayambitsa matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo nthenda yolimba chiŵindi ya cirrhosis, nthenda ya mtima, nthenda yotupa m’chifu ya gastritis, zilonda za m’mimba, ndi kutupa nsoso. Kungachititsenso munthu kutenga msanga matenda oyambukira monga chibayo. Ku United States, chaka chilichonse “amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama [$10,000,000,000] kupatsa thandizo anthu amene satha kulamulira kumwa kwawo,” akutero Dr. Stanton Peele.

Moŵa nthaŵi zambiri umakhudza mluza m’chibaliro. Chaka chilichonse ana zikwi makumi ambiri mu United States mokha amabadwa olemala chifukwa amawo anali kumwa pamene anali mpakati. Ena mwa makanda ameneŵa amawapeza ndi fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), ndipo nthaŵi zambiri ameneŵa amakhala ndi matupi ndi maganizo olemala. Ndalama zosamalira thanzi la mwana aliyense wa FAS pamoyo wake akuti zikwanira ngati $1.4 miliyoni.

Popeza moŵa umachepetsa mphamvu ya kudziletsa, nthaŵi zambiri kuumwetsa kumasonkhezera chiwawa chosalamulirika, chimene chingavulaze wina koti nkufunikira thandizo la mankhwala. Palinso ngozi yaikulu chifukwa cha aja omwe amayendetsa galimoto ataledzera. Talingalirani mmene zoterozo zinamkhudzira Lindsey, mtsikana wazaka zisanu ndi zitatu yemwe anthu anachita kumsolola kumchotsa kumpando wakumbuyo m’galimoto la amake dalaivala woledzera atagunda galimoto lawo. Lindsey anagona milungu isanu ndi iŵiri m’chipatala ndipo anafunika maopaleshoni ambiri. Ndalama zomwe anawonongera pa thandizo la mankhwala zinaposa $300,000. Unali chabe mwaŵi kuti anapulumuka.

ANAMGONEKA. Wofufuza wina akuti anamgoneka ku America amawonongetsa ndalama ngati $67,000,000,000 pachaka. Joseph A. Califano, Jr., pulezidenti wa bungwe la Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse pa Yunivesite ya Columbia ku New York, akusonyeza mbali ina ya vutoli yowonongetsa ndalama kwambiri kuti: “Ana obadwa kwa amawo omwe anali kugwiritsira ntchito crack ali mpakati, zimene kunalibe zaka khumi zapitazo, amadzaza zipinda za makanda obadwa kumene zolipira ndalama $2,000 patsiku. . . . Kulera mwana aliyense wobadwa mpaka atakula kungawonongetse ndalama $1 miliyoni.” Ndiponso, akutero Califano, “kulephera kwa azimayi apakati kupita kuchipatala cha azimayi ndi kusiya kugwiritsira ntchito anamgoneka kunatayitsa ndalama zochuluka pafupifupi [$3,000,000,000] zomwe Medicaid inagwiritsira ntchito mu 1994 kusamalira odwalira m’chipatala chifukwa cha anamgoneka.”

Titha kuona kukula kwa tsoka lomwe vutoli limadzetsa titalingalira za mmene khalidwe lonyansalo limawonongeratu moyo wa munthu. Ena a mavuto omwe agwera mabanja osweka chifukwa cha anamgoneka ndiwo ndewu panyumba, ana onyanyalidwa, ndi ndalama kutha.

UCHIWEREWERE. Anthu oposa 12 miliyoni ku United States amatenga matenda opatsana mwa kugonana (STDs) chaka chilichonse, kuchititsa United States kukhala ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba kwambiri cha odwala STD kuposa dziko lina lililonse lotukuka. David Celentano, wa pa Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, akuti zimenezi “zichititsa dzikoli manyazi.” Ndalama zowonongedwa ndi matenda ameneŵa, kusaphatikizapo AIDS, zikwana ngati $10,000,000,000 pachaka. Amene makamaka ali pangozi ndi achinyamata. Ndipo sitingadabwe ayi! Malinga ndi lipoti lina, pofika m’giredi 12, 70 peresenti ya iwo amakhala atagonanapo kale ndipo pafupifupi 40 peresenti amakhala atagonanapo ndi anthu osachepera anayi.

AIDS yokha yakhala vuto lalikulu popereka thandizo la mankhwala. Kuchiyambi kwa 1996 pamankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe analipo—otchedwa protease inhibitors pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena akale—munthu anali kutayirapo $12,000 mpaka $18,000 pachaka. Komatu mtengo umenewo wangokhala kachigawo chabe ka mtengo wobisika wa AIDS, umene umaphatikizapo kusagwira ntchito kwa wodwalayo ndi aja amene amapempha nthaŵi kuntchito kapena kusukulu kuti akamsamalire. Akuti pamene chaka cha 2000 chifika, HIV ndi AIDS zidzakhala zitatheratu ndalama ngati $356,000,000,000 mpaka $514,000,000,000 padziko lonse—kumene kuli ngati kuwonongeratu chuma chonse cha dziko monga Australia kapena India.

CHIWAWA. Pamene Joycelyn Elders anali dokotala wamkulu wa United States, anatero kuti mu 1992 ndalama $13,500,000,000 zinawonongedwa popereka thandizo la mankhwala chifukwa cha chiwawa. Pulezidenti wa United States, Bill Clinton, anati: “Chifukwa china chimene thandizo la mankhwala lakhalira lokwera mtengo kwambiri m’America nchakuti zipatala zathu ndi zipinda za odwala ofuna thandizo lamsanga zadzala ndi anthu omwe anawagwaza mpeni ndi kuwawombera mfuti.” Ndiye chifukwa chake The Journal of the American Medical Association ikuti chiwawa mu United States ndi “nthenda ya anthu onse yofuna thandizo mwamsanga.” Lipotilo likupitiriza kuti: “Ngakhale kuti chiwawa si matenda ‘enieni,’ zotsatirapo zake pa thanzi la munthu payekha ndi anthu onse nzazikulu kwambiri monga zija za matenda enieni—mwinanso kuposapo.”

Lipoti lina la zipatala 40 za ku Colorado likunena kuti kupereka thandizo pamiyezi isanu ndi inayi yoyambirira ya 1993 kwa munthu mmodzi wochitidwa chiwawa kunatayitsa ndalama $9,600. Oposa theka la ogonekedwa m’chipatala analibe inshuwalansi ya umoyo, ndipo ambiri anali osakhoza ndi osafuna kulipira. Mikhalidwe ngati imeneyo imakweza misonkho, mainshuwalansi, ndi mabilu akuchipatala. Bungwe la Colorado Hospital Association likuti: “Ife tonse timalipirako.”

Kusintha Khalidwe

Malinga ndi kuona kwa munthu, sikutheka kusintha khalidwe loipa. “America saali Munda wa Edene ndipo sitidzathetseratu anamgoneka,” likutero lipoti la Yunivesite ya Columbia. “Koma malinga ndi mmene tidzaletsera anamgoneka, tidzatuta zochuluka. Ana athanzi, kuchepa kwa chiwawa ndi upandu, misonkho yotsika, kutsika kwa mtengo wopezera thandizo la mankhwala, mapulofeti aakulu, anthu ophunzira kwambiri ndi odwala AIDS oŵerengeka.”

Mboni za Yehova zapeza kuti Baibulo limathandiza kwambiri kukwaniritsa cholinga chimenecho. Baibulo si buku wamba ayi. Linauziridwa ndi Mlengi wa munthu, Yehova Mulungu. (2 Timoteo 3:16, 17) Iye ndiye ‘akukuphunzitsani kupindula, amene akutsogolerani m’njira yoyenera inu kupitamo.’ (Yesaya 48:17) Mapulinsipulo opezeka m’Baibulo ngabwino, ndipo aja amene amatsatira uphungu wake amapindula kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, Esther anali kusuta fodya kwambiri.a Atayamba kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova, amene anali kumphunzitsa Baibulo anampempha kuti akachezere malikulu a dziko lonse a Mboni za Yehova ku Brooklyn, New York, tsiku lonse lathunthu. Poyamba, Esther anazengereza. Podziŵa kuti Mboni za Yehova sizimasuta, zinamvuta kuti adzatha bwanji kukhala nawo tsiku lonse. Choncho Esther analonga paketi imodzi ya ndudu m’chikwama chake, poganiza kuti akalakalaka fodya, adzangoloŵa m’chimbudzi mozemba. Monga momwe anaganizira, atangomaliza kuchezera mbali ina Esther analoŵa m’chimbudzi cha akazi natulutsa ndudu yake. Komano anaona kanthu kena. M’chimbudzimo munali mwaudongo osanena, ndipo munali mpweya wabwino. “Zinandikanika kuti ndidetse malo amenewo mwa kusuta ndudu,” akukumbukira Esther, “choncho ndinangoigujumula m’chimbudzimo. Ndipo nduduyo ndiyo inali yomaliza kuigwira!”

Padziko lonse lapansi, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri onga Esther akuphunzira kutsatira mapulinsipulo a Baibulo. Akupindula ndipo amathandiza anthu kwambiri kumene amakhala. Makamaka, amalemekeza Mlengi wawo, Yehova Mulungu.—Yerekezerani ndi Miyambo 27:11.

Ngakhale kuti khama lonse la munthu silingadzetse “Munda wa Edene,” Baibulo limatero kuti Mulungu adzatero. Lemba la 2 Petro 3:13 limati: “Monga mwa lonjezano lake [la Mulungu] tiyembekezera miyamba yatsopano, ndi dziko latsopano mmenemo mukhalitsa chilungamo.” (Yerekezerani ndi Yesaya 51:3.) M’dziko latsopanolo, thandizo la mankhwala silidzafunika ayi, pakuti anthu adzakhala ndi moyo wangwiro—zimene Mulungu anafuna kuyambira pachiyambi. (Yesaya 33:24) Kodi mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri ponena za malonjezo a Mulungu? Mboni za Yehova zidzakondwa kukuthandizani.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 28]

© 1985 P. F. Bentley/Black Star