Kusayenda Bwino kwa Chuma Kwasiya Anthu Ambiri pa Mavuto

POFOTOKOZA za vuto la zachuma limene lakhudza dziko lonse lapansi, buku lina linati: “Anthu sanakumanepo ndi vuto la zachuma ngati limeneli.” Vutoli linayambira ku United States m’chaka cha 2007, ndipo kuchokera m’nthawi imeneyo, lakhudza mayiko ambiri. Anthu ena akuti vutoli laposa vuto la zachuma limene linakhudza anthu ambiri m’zaka za m’ma 1930.—Encyclopædia Britannica Online.

Kodi vuto la zachuma limene lilipoli linayamba bwanji? Magazini ya Newsweek inanena kuti vutoli linayamba chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri “amathamangira kutenga ngongole popanda kuganizira kuti abweza bwanji.” Koma n’chifukwa chiyani amachita zimenezi?

Anthu ochita malonda amalimbikitsa mtima wofuna kukhala ndi chilichonse. Iwo amachititsa anthu kufuna kugula zinthu zimene sangazikwanitse. Zimenezi zimachititsa kuti anthu azingotenga ngongole popanda kuganizira kuti adzabweza bwanji. Katswiri wina wa zachuma, dzina lake Chris Farrell, analemba m’buku lake kuti: “Anthu ambiri azindikira mochedwa kuipa komangotenga ngongole zambirimbiri.”—The New Frugality.

Kusayenda bwino kwa chuma kwasiya anthu ambiri pa mavuto. Nyuzipepala ina ya ku South Africa inanena kuti: “Ngakhale kuti pali zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti zinthu ziyambanso kuyenda bwino, anthu . . . akuvutikabe kupeza ndalama zogulira chakudya. Anthu pafupifupi 3 miliyoni [ku South Africa] akuchedwa kubweza ngongole zawo ndi miyezi itatu, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 250,000, opezako bwino, anachotsedwa ntchito m’zaka ziwiri zapitazi.”—Sunday Times.

M’mayiko ena, chiwerengero cha anthu ochotsedwa ntchito chawonjezereka kwambiri. Ponena za kuyambanso kuyenda bwino kwa chuma ku United States, nyuzipepala ya Financial Times inati: “Ngakhale kuti zinthu zinayamba kuyendako bwino mu June 2009, kusintha kwake n’kosapatsa chiyembekezo.” Nyuzipepalayi inanenanso kuti: “Akatswiri ambiri a zachuma akuganiza kuti kwa zaka zingapo m’tsogolomu, chuma cha mayiko ambiri chizilephera kukwera chifukwa cha ngongole zimene mayikowo ali nazo.”

Ngati mwakhudzidwa ndi vuto la zachumali, mwina mungavomereze zimene katswiri wina wolemba nkhani, dzina lake David Beart, ananena. Iye anati: “Zikuoneka kuti anthu akunena zambiri za mavuto a zachuma amene akhudza dziko lonse, koma sakunena njira zothetsera mavutowo.”

Nkhani zotsatirazi zalembedwa kuti zithandize anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi mavuto a zachuma. Nkhanizi zikuyankha mafunso awa: Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusunga ndalama? Kodi mungatani ngati muli ndi ngongole? Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuwononga ndalama?