Mutu 17

Chimene Moyo Wosatha pa Dziko Lapansi Umatipatsa

MOYO wa thanzi labwino ndi pansi pa mikhalidwe yosangalatsa kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi awiri kapena makumi asanu ndi atatu uli’di chinthu chabwino kwambiri. Kunena zoona, asayansi apereka zaka zambiri-mbiri kufufuza-fufuza njira zolimbanira ndi ukalamba ndi matenda. Iwo kawiri-kawiri amapereka lingaliro lakuti avereji ya utali wa moyo wa zaka zana limodzi ndiyo chonulirapo choti chilimbikiridwe.

Komabe, lingaliro la utali wa moyo wopanda mapeto silimaonekera kukhala liri ndi kukondweretsa kofanana’ko. Anthu ambiri amakonda kutsutsa kuti: ‘Popanda matenda, imfa ndi mabvuto ena sitikakhala ndi chiyamikiro cha zinthu zabwino. Moyo wosatha pa dziko lapansi ukakhala wotopetsa. Tikatheredwa zinthu zochita.’ Mwina mwake mwamva anthu akusonyeza malingaliro otero’wo, koma kodi m’menemo ndimo m’mene inu mwininu mumaonera moyo? Kweni-kweni, kodi mtundu umene’wo wa kulingalira ndi wabwino?

Mwa chitsanzo, kodi ife, timafunikira matenda kuti tisatope ndi thanzi labwino? Anthu samataya chisangalalo m’kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa chakuti akupeza bwino. Chisungiko, malo okhala abwino, ntchito yokondweretsa ndi yopindulitsa, ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi sizimachititsa anthu kutopa ndi moyo. M’malo mwake, kodi, sindiko kusowa chakudya, malo okhala osakondweretsa, bvuto ndi kusagwirizana zimene zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wosakondweretsa? Munthu safunikira kudula dzanja limodzi kuti ayamikire lina’lo, kodi si choncho? Tingathe kusangalala ndi kuyamikira zinthu zabwino popanda kukumana ndi zoipa.

Moyo mu ungwiro waumunthu sumatanthauza kuti munthu ali yense adzakhala akuchita zinthu zonse bwino lomwe mofanana ndipo ndi chikondwerero chachikulu cholingana. Chimene Baibulo limapereka ndicho lonjezo la moyo wopanda matenda ndi imfa. (Chibvumbulutso 21:3, 4) Anthu athanzi lero lino sali onse ofanana, chotero kodi n’chifukwa ninji wina ali yense ayenera kunena kuti ungwiro wakuthupi ndi wamaganizo ukachititsa anthu kukhala olingana wina ndi mnzake? Anthu adzasiyana-siyanabe ponena za umunthu. Iwo adzakhala ndi zozikonda zosiyana-siyana ponena za ntchito, nyumba, kukometsera nyumba, kukonza minda, zakudya ndi zakumwa, zosangalatsa, maluso a zopanga-panga ndi zina zofanana nazo. Zochita champhamvu pa maluso ndi mbali za ntchito zimene iwo adzazikonda.

Koma kodi pali’di zochuluka mokwanira kwa anthu kuchita pa dziko lapansi zoti ziwachititse kukhala okangalika kwamuyaya? Kodi kuonjezeka m’chidziwitso potsirizira pake sikudzafika pa kuima pa malo amodzi chifukwa chakuti tidzakhala titachita kanthu kali konse?

ZOCHULUKA ZINGATHE KUCHITIDWA

Lingalirani moyo wanu wa inu mwini tsopano. Kodi mumalingalira kuti maluso anu akugwiritsiridwa ntchito mokwanira kapena adzagwiritsiridwa ntchito? Kodi pali zinthu zingati zimene mumaona kuti mungakhale okhoza kuchita ndipo mukakonda kuzichita—malinga ngati mukanakhala ndi nthawi ndi ndalama zofunika’zo?

Mwina mwake mukafuna kukulitsa luso lina, m’nyimbo, kupaka utoto, kuzokota, kapena kuphunzira kanthu ponena za kupala matabwa, umakaniko, kupanga zinthu kapena kupanga mapulani a nyumba, kapena kuphunzira mbiri, kuphunzira zamoyo, kupenda nyenyezi kapena masamu, kapena kuyamba kulima mbeu zina kapena kuweta zinyama, mbalame kapena nsomba. Mwina mwake mukafuna kuyenda ulendo, kuti muone maiko achilendo. Ambiri akakonda, kuchita, osati chinthu chimodzi chokha, koma zochuluka za zinthu zimene’zi. Koma ngakhale ngati munali ndi ndalama zofunika’zo, nthawi sikanalola konse kuti muchite zinthu zonse zimene mukafuna kuchita.

Ndipo’nso, kodi kuchepa kwa nthawi sikumakuchititsani’nso kukhala wopanikizika kwambiri kuchititsa zinthu kuchitidwa? Kodi sikukakhala kosangalatsa kuchita zinthu popanda kuona kukhala wofulumira?

Pali kuthekera kochepa kwa kutheredwa zinthu zochita. Malo athu okhala, dziko lapansi’li, adzaza mitundu yosiyana-siyana kwambiri za zomera ndi zolengedwa zamoyo kwakuti pali kuthekera kopanda mapeto kwa kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano ndi kugwiritsira ntchito chidziwitso chathu chopezedwa’cho. Pali zinsinsi zochuluka zimene zikuyamba kutumbidwa. Taziganizirani: Pali mitundu ya nsomba yoposa 30,000, pafupi-fupi mitundu ya zinyama zokhoza kukhala m’madzi ndi pamtunda 3,000, pafupi-fupi mitundu 5,000 ya zinyama za pamtunda ndi mitundu yoposa 9,000 ya mbalame. Tizirombo, zolengedwa zamoyo zochuluka kopambana za dziko lapansi, tiri pafupi-fupi mitundu yokwanira 800,000. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti mitundu pakati pa miliyoni imodzi ndi khumi ingakhale iripobe yoti itumbidwe. Yoonjezeredwa ku imene’yi ndiyo mitundu ya zomera zikwi mazana ochuluka.

Kodi ndi angati a ife amene akudziwa ngakhale kachigawo chabe ka zamoyo za pa dziko lapansi ndi dzina? Kudziwa kwathu mikhalidwe yao yokondweretsa ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri imene kali konse kamachita m’kupitirizabe kwa moyo pa dziko lapansi kuli chikhalirebe kochepa kwambiri. Kuthekera kwa chidziwitso choonjezereka kuli kwakukulu kwambiri.

Mungakhale musanamve za nsomba ya m’mitsinje ya m’maiko otentha yochedwa siklidi (cichlid). Komabe wasayansi wina ananena ponena za kuzifufuza kwake kuti: “Kwa ine, masiklidi akhala kufufuza kwa zaka 14 kokondweretsa kwambiri.” Ganizirani kuchuluka kwa zaka kumene kukatenga kufufuza zolengedwa zamoyo ndi zomera zikwi zochuluka—ndipo limodzi ndi phindu leni-leni.

Tengani monga chitsanzo kachirombo konyozeka m’madzi kochedwa baneko (barnacle). Kachirombo kamene’ka kamabvutitsa anthu kwambiri pamene kadzimamatiritsa ku masitima. Mabaneko ayenera kupalidwa ku masitima, popeza kuti kukhalapo kwao ochuluka kumachititsa kuyenda pang’onopang’ono kwambiri ndipo kungaonjezere kudyedwa kwa mafuta ochuluka mpaka kufika pa 40 peresenti. Munthu angachititsidwe kulingalira kuti zochepa zingathe kuphunziridwa kuchokera ku cholengedwa chimene mwachionekere chimadzichititsa kukhala chobvuta kwambiri. Koma siziri choncho.

Simenti imene baneko imadzimamatiritsa nayo zolimba iri pafupi-fupi 3/10,000 ya inchi kukhuthala kwake. Komabe kulimba kwake kupalika pa kanthu’ko kumaposa mapaundi 7,000 pa sikweyala inchi iri yonse. Imene’yi iri nyonga yowirikiza ya magluu amene agwiritsiridwa ntchitoi m’zaka zaposachedwapa pa ndege zopita kutali m’mlengalenga. Pamene ofufuza anaiika pa moto wotentha madigri 662 Fahrenheit, simenti ya mabaneko sinasungunuke, ndipo inakanika kuzizira kwa madigri 383 Fahrenheit yosasweka kapena kukakatuka. Simenti ya mabaneko inapezedwa’nso kukhala yokanika kufewa ndi mafuta ofewetsa ochuluka. Zinthu zake zimene yapangidwa nayo zapadera’zo zasonkhezera ofufuza kuyesa kupanga simenti yoyerekezera ya baneko, “Gluu wamphamvu kopambana.”

Motero, chidziwitso chopezedwa mwa kufufuza chingadzetse mapindu kwa munthu. Lero lino palibe njira yodziwira kuchuluka kweni-kweni kwa zinthu zochitidwa ndi zinthu zamoyo za pa dziko lapansi zimene zikatha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kapena kutsanziridwa ndi munthu kuti azigwiritsire ntchito. Zimene zaphunzitsiridwa n’zokwanira kusonyeza kuti dziwe la chidziwitso silinatungidwe konse.

Ngakhale m’malo m’mene munthu wachita kufufuza kochuluka zikalipobe zochuluka zoti zitumbidwe. Mwa chitsanzo, chimodzi cha zinthu zodabwitsa zochitidwa ndi zomera zaziwisi ndicho kusintha madzi ndi karanoni daiokosaidi kukhala shuga. Kachitidwe kamene’ka, kochedwa (m’Chingelezi) photosynthesis, kakudabwitsabe munthu mosasamala kanthu za zaka zokwanira mazana awiri za kufufuza. Laurence C. Walker, katswiri wophunzira za zamoyo, ananena kuti “ngati chinsinsi’cho chitabvumbulidwa, munthu mwina mwake akadyetsa dziko lapansi—akumagwiritsira ntchito fakitale ya ukulu wofanana ndi nyumba ya sukulu wamba.”

Mtundu wonse wa anthu ukatha kupindula kwambiri mwa kuphunzira zochuluka ponena za zomera ndi zolengedwa zamoyo. Mwa kuzindikira kudalirana kwa zinthu zamoyo ndi zosowa zao, munthu akapewa kusokoneza mosadziwa kulingana kwa zamoyo. Chidziwitso cholongosoka chikam’thandiza kupewa kudzibvulaza ndi zamoyo zina.

Mwa chitsanzo, ngati ziyambukiro zobvulaza za DDT zikanazindikiridwa mokwanira ndipo munthu anachita mogwirizana ndi chidziwitso chake, kuipitsa kofala kukanakhala kutapewedwa. Koma, mwachisoni, munthu wagwiritsira ntchito DDT mosasamala. Kodi n’chiani chimene chakhala chotulukapo chake? Dr Lorenzo Tomatis International Agency for Research on Cancer in France akuti: “Palibe chinyama, madzi, nthaka pa dziko lapansi pano chimene tsopano lino sichinaipitsidwe ndi DDT.” M’zochitika zina kuipitsa kwa DDT kwaunjikana m’zinyama ndi mbalame mpaka kufika pa kuzipha. Ndithudi, chidziwitso cholongosoka chikadaletsa kuipitsa koopsya kumene’ku.

Munthu akatha’nso kupititiza kuphunzira ponena za phokoso, kuunika, zotulukapo za makhemikolo, mphamvu za magetsi, michere ndi zinthu zina zambiri zopanda moyo. Ndipo zimene’zo zikusiyabe m’mlengalenga mopanda malekezeromo mosafufuzidwa kotheratu. Ha, amene’wa ndi malo akulu chotani nanga a kufufuza! Thambo liri ndi milalang’anba kapena magulu a nyenyezi mabiliyoni ambiri, ndipo milalang’amba imene’yi ingakhale ndi nyenyezi mabiliyoni ambiri.—Salmo 8:3, 4.

Chosati n’kunyalanyazidwa ndicho cheni-cheni chakuti, ngakhale popanda zaka zochuluka za kufufuza, zinthu zamoyo ndi zopanda moyo zingathe kusonkhezera kulingalira ndi kuyerekezera kwa munthu. Maonekedwe ndi mapangidwe opezeka pakati pa zomera, zinyama ndi zinthu zopanda moyo sizimangokondweretsa kokha maso koma zimapereka magwero opanda malekezero a malingaliro kaamba ka maluso a kukometsa. Palibe chifukwa choopera kuti kulingalira koyerekezera kwa munthu potsirizira pake kukaleka kusonkhezeredwa ndi kuti moyo ukakhala wotopetsa ndi wosakondweretsa.

Koma ngakhale ngati pakanakhala kuthekera kochepa kwa kufika pa nsonga ya kupeza chidziwitso chotheratu cha dziko lapansi ndi zamoyo zonse zokhalapo, kodi zimene’zo mwa izo zokha zikanapangitsa moyo kukhala wotopetsa? Talingalirani: M’chaka chimodzi munthu angadye mbale za chakudya zoposa chikwi chimodzi. Pa usinkhu wa zaka makumi anai munthu angakhale atadya mbale za chakudya zoposa zikwi makumi anai. Koma, kodi kudya kumakhala kotopetsa kwambiri m’kupita kwa chaka chiri chonse? Kodi munthu amene wadya mbale za chakudya zikwi makumi anai amaona kukhala wotopa kwambiri koposa munthu amene wadya theka la chiwerengero chimene’chi?

Pangakhale chisangalalo cheni-cheni ngakhale m’zinthu zimene zimabwerezedwa-bwerezedwa. Kodi ndani wa ife amene amatopa ndi kuombedwa kamphepo ka yazi-yazi, ndi kukhudza kwa awo amene timawakonda, ndi phokoso la mitsinje yolira kubwi-kubwi, mafunde omagabvira kugombe, mbalame zikulira kapena kuyimba, ndi kuona kulowa kwa dzuwa kokondweretsa, mitsinje yozungulira-zungulira, nyanja zonyezimira, mathithi okukuma, madambo a udzu, mapiri atali kapena magombe okhala ndi migwalangwa, ndi mwa kumva kununkhira kwa maluwa onunkhira bwino?—Yerekezerani ndi Nyimbo ya Solomo 2:11-13.

MWAI WA KUSONYEZA CHIKONDI

Ndithudi, kuphunzira chabe ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zimene timaphunzira sikukakhala kokwanira kupangitsa moyo wosatha kukhala wokhala ndi zochuluka ndi watanthauzo. Anthufe tiri ndi chosowa chobadwa nacho cha kukonda ndi kukondedwa. Pamene tiona kuti ena amatifuna, kutiyamikira ndi kutikonda, timafuna moyo kupitirizabe kumakondweretsa mitima yathu kudziwa kuti ena amaona kukhala akutisowa pamene ife palibe, kuti iwo amalaka-laka kutiona’nso. Kukhala pamodzi ndi achibale okondedwa ndi mabwenzi kumakhala kolimbikitsa ndi kosonkhezera. Timapeza chikondwerero m’kukhala okhoza kuchitira zinthu awo amene timawakonda, kuyang’anira thanzi lao.

Moyo wosatha ukaika pamaso pathu mwai wosatha wa kusonyeza chikondi ndi kupindula ndi chikondi cha ena. Ukatipatsa nthawi yofunika’yo kuti tifike pa kudziwa anthu anzathu, kufika pa kuyamikira mikhalidwe yao yabwino kwambiri ndi kukulitsa kuwakonda kwambiri. Anthu okhala pa dziko lapansi ali’di osiyana-siyana—osiyana-siyana mu umunthu, njira za mabvalidwe, zokonda m’zakudya, m’kamangidwe ka nyumba, m’nyimbo ndi maluso ena a zopanga-panga. Nthawi imene kukatenga kufika pa kudziwa ndi kuyamikira anthu mabiliyoni ochuluka ndi kuphunzira kuchokera m’zokumana nazo ndi maluso ao iri yosati n’kuiyerekezera. Koma kodi sikukakhala kosangalatsa kudziwa banja lonse laumunthu ndi kukhala okhoza kulandira chiwalo chake chiri chonse monga bwenzi lokondedwa kwambiri?

Chimene moyo wosatha pa dziko lapansi udzatipatsa ndicho zochuluka ndi zopindulitsa. Kodi ndi motani m’mene mwina mwake tikanakhalira otopa pamene pali zochuluka zimene tikatha kuphunzira ndi kuzigwiritsira ntchito mopindilitsa? Kodi ndi motani m’mene mwina mwake tikatopera ndi kusonyeza chikondi mokwanira kwa ena? Dokotala Ignace Lepp m’bukhu lake lakuti Death and Its Mysteries anati:

“Awo amene akhala ndi chikondi cheni-cheni ndi zochita zanzeru amadziwa bwino lomwe kuti sangathe kufika pa kudziwa kotheratu. Wasayansi amene amapatulira nthawi ndi nyonga yake yonse ku kufufuza amadziwa kuti pamene iye aphunzira zambiri, ndi pamene pamakhala zochuluka zoti aphunzire ndipo ndi pamene’nso njala yake ya chidziwitso imaonjezereka kwambiri. Momwemo’nso, awo amene amakonda amadziwa’di kuti palibe malire otsimikizirika a kukula kwa chikondi chao.”

Koma kodi ndi liti pamene mwai woperekedwa ndi moyo wosatha umene’wo udzakhala wathu? Kodi ndi liti pamene ufumu wa Mulungu wokhala m’manja mwa Kristu udzautheketsa? Ndipo ngati titafa nthawi imene’yo isanafike, kodi pali kuthekera kuli konse kwa kuukitsidwa?