Mutu 9

Uchimo Uchotsera Anthu Chimwemwe

1. Kodi ndi malo okhala a mtundu wotani amene Yehova anapereka kwa anthu awiri, ndipo kodi angakhale anali kuti? (Genesis 2:8, 10, 14)

YEHOVA MULUNGU anapatsa anthu awiri oyambirira malo okhala okongola m’munda wa Edene wonga paki, dzina limene limatanthauza “Chisangalalo, Chikondwerero.” Umene’wu ukuonekera kukhala unali pafupi ndi Phiri la Ararati la m’Turkey wamakono, pa malo amene Mitsinje’yo Firate ndi Tigris (Hidikeli) ikuchokera mpaka pano.—Genesis 2:15; 8:4.

2. (a) Kodi ndi chiyembekezo chotani chimene chinali patsogolo pa Adamu ndi mkazi wake? (Genesis 1:28) (b) Kodi Mulungu analinganiza kusunga umodzi m’banja la anthu mwa njira yotani, ndipo kodi n’chifukwa ninji chimene’chi chinali choyenera? (Yeremiya 10:23)

² Ha, ndi chiyembekezo chosanfalala chotani nanga chimene chinali pamaso pa Adamu ndi mkazi wake—chija cha kusandutsa dziko lonse lapansi kukhala paradaiso ndi kulidzadza ndi mbadwa zao mamiliyoni zikwi zambiri, zonse zopangidwa ‘m’chifanizo’ ndi ‘m’chifane-fane’ cha Mulungu ndi kuchita chifuniro Chake pa dziko lapansi! M’banja lalikulu kwambiri lotero’lo, kukakhala kofunika kwambiri kusunga mtendere ndi umodzi. Mulungu analinganiza kuchita zimene’zi, osati mwa kuchititsa kuti munthu adzilamulire yekha, koma mwa kuchita ulamuliro Wake wa iye mwini wachikondi pa anthu. Ndi iko komwe, Mulungu, Wopanga ndi Wolenga munthu, amadziwa zimene timazifunikira kaamba ka chimwemwe chenicheni ‘tisanam’pemphe konse.’—Mateyu 6:8.

3. (a) Kodi ndi lamulo losabvuta lotani limene Mulungu anapatsa mwamuna? (b) Kodi n’chifukwa ninji limene’li silinapereke bvuto? (1 Yohane 5:3) (c) Kodi n’chiani chimene chikatulukapo m’kumvera? (Miyambo 3:1, 2, 7)

³ Mulungu anaika pakati pa munda’wo “mtengo wakudziwitsa zabwino ndi zoipa,” napatsa munthu lamulo losabvuta kwambiri:

“Usadye umene’wo; chifukwa tsiku lomwe udzadya umene’wo udzafa ndithu.” (Genesis 2:17)

Lamulo limene’li silinapereke bvuto liri lonse, pakuti anthu awiri’wo akanatha kpeza chisangalalo m’kudya zochuluka za zakudya zina m’mundamo. Mulungu anali kungowapempha kulemekeza ndi kusonyeza kugonjera ku ulamuliro wake. Ngati iwo, limodzi ndi ana ao mabiliyoni ochuluka am’tsogolo, akanamumvera, anthu akanakhala ogwirizana kosatha pa kulambira Mfumu Yapamwamba-mwamba imodzi’yo.

4. (a) Kodi ndi motani m’mene chigwirizano cha paradaiso chinasokonezedwera? (Yakobo 1:14, 15) (b) Kodi ndi chandamale chotani chimene Hava, kenako Adamu, anaphonya, ndipo limodzi ndi chotulukapo chotani? (1 Timoteo 2:14)

⁴ Komabe, kugwirizana kwa paradaiso wachisangalalo amene’yo posapita nthawi kunasokonezedwa! Cholengedwa chauzimu chopanduka, Satana, polankhula mwa chinjoka chooneka ngati chosabvulaza, chinasonkhezera Hava kudya chipatso chokanizidwa’cho ndipo mwa kutero kusamvera lamulo la Mulungu. Satana ananamiza Hava, kuti:

“Kufa simudzafai, chifukwa adziwa Mulungu kuti tsiku limene mukadya umene’wo, adzatseguka maso anu, ndipo mudzakhala ngati Mulungu, wakudziwa zabwino ndi zoipa.” (Genesis 3:4, 5)

Chikhumbo cholakwa chinagonjetsa Hava, ndipo anadya, motero akumaphonya chandamale cha kumvera kwangwiro kwa Mulungu. Adamu sananyengedwe, monga momwe ananyengedwera Hava, kunganizira kuti kudya kwake kosamvera chipatso’cho sikukachititsa imfa; koma mu mzimu wa kusamvera kwadala iye anagwirizana naye m’kusamvera Mulungu. Iwo anasankha “kuchita chifuniro chao,” nadzitulutsa mu ulamuliro wa Mulungu.

5. Kodi n’chiani chimene chinatulukapo kwa Adamu ndi Hava, ndi kwa ana ano? (Genesis 3:5, 6, 21-24)

⁵ Tsopano pochita manyazi ndi mkhalidwe wao wa maliseche, iwo anapanga zobvala za masamba a mkuyu, nayesa kudzibisa kwa Mulungu wao. Pamene anawaitana kuti awaweruze, iwo nawo’nso ali yense anayesa “kudzichotsa manyazi” mwa kupitiriza liwongo’lo kwina. Mulungu anapereka chiweruzo cha imfa kwa anthu awiri opanduka’wo nathamangitsa mwamuna ndi mkazi’yo m’paradaiso wachikondwerero, kukalimbana ndi minga ndi mitula m’dziko lapansi limene tsopano linali “lotembereredwa” chifukwa cha munthu. (Genesis 3:16-19) Kumene’ko tsopano iwo anabala ana m’chifanizo chao cha uchimo, ndipo chifukwa cha chimene’cho ogonjera’nso ku imfa. Mtumwi Paulo akuzilongosola mwachidule motere:

“Uchimo unalowa m’dziko lapansi mwa munthu mmodzi, ndi imfa mwa uchimo; chotero imfa inafikira anthu onse, chifukwa kuti onse anachimwa.”—Aroma 5:12.

CHIMENE UCHIMO ULI

6. Kodi n’chiani chimene anthu ena amachiona kukhala “uchimo,” koma kodi ndi motani m’mene Baibulo limaulongosolera?

⁶ Anthu ena ananena kuti cholakwa chimakhala “uchimo” kokha ngati chimachititsa chibvulazo kwa ena. Koma zimene’zo sindizo zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa. M’Baibulo, tanthauzo lalikulu la mneni’yo “kuchimwa” ndiro “kuphonya,” mu lingaliro la kulephera chandamale kapena mpimo. Ponena za Adamu ndi Hava, iwo ‘anaphonya chandamale’ cha kumvera kwangwiro Mlengi wao wachikondi. Ngakhale kuli kwakuti iwo anapangidwa mu “chifanizo” ndi “Chifane-fane” cha Mulungu, iwo tsopano analephera pa kusonyeza umunthu wake. Iwo sanakwaniritse’nso miyezo yolungama ya Mulungu, ndipo banja lonse laumunthu linalandira chirema chimene’chi kuchokera kwa iwo. Monga momwe Paulo akunenera kuti: “Onse anachimwa, naperewera pa ulemerero wa Mulungu.”—Aroma 3:23.

7. (a) Kodi ndi motani m’mene tingalimbanire ndi zizolowezi zauchimo? (Aroma 12:1) (b) Mu Edene, kodi ndi maziko otani amene Mulungu anapereka kaamba ka chikhulupiriro?

⁷ Komabe, n’kotheka kwa anthu amene amalemekeza ulamuliro wa Mulungu kulimbana ndi uchimo wacholowa. Iwo anagkulitse maumunthu onga a Mulungu ndi kugwiritsira ntchito matupi ao opanda ungwiro’wo m’kutumikira Mulungu, akumachita ntchito za chikhulupiriro. Mulungu anapereka maziko a chikhulupiriro chotero’cho pamene ananena, popereka chiweruzo kwa “chinjoka,” kuti Iye akatulutsa mwa “mkazi” wake wophiphiritsira—banja lake la angelo oyera lakumwamba “mbeu,” kapena Mombolo, amene “akazunzunda” ndi kuleketsa kugwira ntchito Satana ndi onse amene amam’tsatira.—Genesis 3:15, NW.

8. Kodi ndi chikhulupiriro chotani chimene Abele anasonyeza, ndipo motani? (Ahebri 11:4)

⁸ Abele anali munthu woyambirira kusonyeza chikhulupiriro chobvomerezeka mu lonjezo la “mbeu” imene’yi, Mesiya. Ngakhale kuli kwakuti anali atalandira uchimo kuchokera kwa Atate wake, Adamu, Abele anasonyeza chikhulupiriro chake mwa kupereka nsembe kwa Mulungu mbali zabwino kopambana za “mwana woyamba wa nkhosa zake.” Kumene’ku kunasonyeza ku zaka 4,000 m’tsogolo ku nthawi pamene “mbeu” yolonjezedwa, kapena Mesiya, akaperekedwa nsembe monga “Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu.”—Genesis 4:4; Yohane 1:29.

9. (a) Kodi Mulungu anachenjeza Kaini za chiani? (b) Kodi Kaini anachita chimo la mtundu wotani?

⁹ Ndipo’nso, mbale wa Abele Kaini anapereka nsembe kwa Mulungu ya “zipatso za nthaka.” Chifukwa chakuti Mulungu analandira nsembe ya Abele nakana nsembe ya Kaini, Kaini “anakwiya kwambiri.” Mulungu anam’chenjeza za “kubwatama kwa uchimo pakhomo,’ ndi kuti ngati salaka zimene’zi zikachititsa kuchita kwake chimo lalikulu. Kaini analephera kulabadira chenjezo’lo. Iye anapha mbale wake. (Genesis 4:3-8) Chimo limene’li linasiyana ndi uchimo wochokera kwa Adamu. Linali kachitidwe koipa, kochokera mu udani wadyera umene Kaini anali nao mu mtima mwake. Mtumwi Yohane akutichenjeza motsutasana ndi kukulitsa mkhalidwe wofanana ndi uja wa Kaini, kuti:

“Tikondane wina ndi mnzake: osati monga Kaini anali wochokera mwa woipa’yo, namupha mbale wake. Ndipo anamupha iye chifukwa ninji? popeza ntchito zake zinali zoipa, ndi za mbale wake zolungama.” (1 Yohane 3:11, 12)

Abele anali mbadwa yochimwa ya Adamu, koma Mulungu anamuwerengera kukhala “wolungama” chifukwa cha ntchito zake za chikhulupiriro. Ndipo’nso, Kaini anaonjezera ku uchimo wake wacholowa, akumakhala woipa. Mulungu anam’kana nam’thamangitsa.

10. Kodi ndi motani m’mene uchimo wacholowa ndi uchimo wadala ukusonyezedwera kusiyana kwake ponena za Enoke? (Ahebri 11:5, 6)

¹⁰ Kusiyana pakati pa uchimo wacholowa ndi uchimo wadala kukusonyezedwa’nso m’cholembedwa chonena za Enoke, munthu wachiwiri wokhala ndi chikhulupiriro chobvomerezedwa wochulidwa m’Baibulo. Enoke anali mnereri wa Yehova. Iye mopanda mantha analengeza uthenga wa Mulungu wotsutsa anthu oipa a m’nthawi yake, kuti:

“Taonani, wadza Ambuye ndi oyera ake zikwi makumi, kudzachitira onse chiweruziro, ndi kutsutsa osapembedza onse, pa ntchito zao zonse zosapembedza, zimene anazichita kosapembedza, ndi pa zolimbana zimene ochimwa osapembedza adalankhula pa Iye.” (Yuda 14, 15)

Enoke anali munthu wopanda ungwiro, wochimwa, koma iye ananyansidwa ndi dziko loipa mwadala ndi lopanda umulungu lom’zinga. Mwa chikhulupiriro “Enoke anayendabe ndi Mulungu woona.” Iye anakondweretsa Mulungu bwino lomwe, ndipo Mulungu anam’chotsa mwakachete-chete mu imfa pakati pa anthu aupandu ndi oipa a nthawi imene’yo.—Genesis 5:24.

11. (a) Kodi ndi motani m’mene Nowa anakhalira wolungama, ngakhale kuli kwakuti iye anali wochimwa? (Ahebri 11:7) (b) Kodi ndi motani m’mene dziko lapansi linaipitsidwira, ndipo chotero kodi Yehova anatsimikizira kuchitanji? (Genesis 6:6-8)

¹¹ Chitsanzo china chapadera cha kusiyana pakati pa uchimo wacholowa ndi kuipa chiyenera kuonedwa m’nthawi ya Nowa. Kachiwiri’nso, Nowa ndi banja lake anali anthu ochimwa, okhoterera ku kuchita zolakwa, monga momwe ife tiriri lero lino. Komabe, iwo anasonyeza chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu namvera. Chotero Baibulo limati:

“Nowa anali munthu wolungama ndi wangwiro m’mibadwo yake; Nowa anayendabe ndi Mulungu.” (Genesis 6:9)

Koma anthu ena onse anali onyansa ndi oipa. Kochuluka kwa kumene’ku kunachitika pamene ana auzimu a Mulungu kumwamba anasiyana malo ao opatsidwa nadza pa dziko lapansi nagona ndi ana akazi okongola a anthu. Ana a maukwati oipa amene’wa anali Anefili akulu-akulu, “amphamvu” zoposa mphamvu za anthu, amene anadzaza dziko lapansi ndi chiwawa.

“Ndipo anaona Yehova kuti kuipa kwa anthu kunali kwakukulu pa dziko lapansi, ndipo’nso ndingaliro zonse za maganizo a mitima yao zinali zoipabe zokhazokha. Ndipo dziko lapansi linabvunda pamaso pa Mulungu, dziko lapansi ndipo linadzala ndi chiwawa. Ndipo Mulungu anaona dziko lapansi, ndipo taonani, linabvunda; pakuti anthu onse anabvunditsa njira yao pa dziko lapansi.” (Genesis 6:5, 11, 12)

Yehova anatsimikizira kuononga dziko loipa limene’lo ndi chigumula.

12. Kodi Mulungu anadzetsa chigumula pa dziko lapansi mwa njira yotani? (2 Petro 3:5, 6)

¹² Chigumula chimene’chi sichinayenera kukhala mkuntho wa pa malo amodzi chabe kapena liyambwe la ku Chigwa cha Firate. M’chochitika chimene’cho, Mulungu akanangotsogolera banja la Nowa ndi zinyama ku mapiri apafupi kaamba ka chitetezo. Koma ai! Chigumula chimene’chi chinayenera kukhala cha pa dziko lonse lapansi. Chotero Mulungu anachititsa Nowa kukhoma chingalawa chopulumukira, mogwirizana ndi chitsanzo chimene Iye anapereka. Mulungu atatseka chitseko Nowa ndi zinyama ali m’kati mwa chingalawa, Iye anatsegula madzi a “pamwamba pa thambo’lo”—nyanja yaikulu imene iye anailekanitsa ndi madzi a pa dziko lapansi m’kati mwa “tsiku lachiwiri” la kulenga.

“Akasupe onse a madzi akulu anasefuka, ndi mazenera a kumwamba antseguka. Ndipo mvula inali pa dziko lapansi masiku makumi anai usana ndi usiku.”—Genesis 1:6-8; 7:11, 12.

13. Kodi n’chiani chimene chinachitikira Nowa ndi banja lake, ndi kwa anthu ndi angelo oipa? (Yuda 6)

¹³ Talingalirani kusintha kwakukulu kumene’ko. Madzi onse a kumwamba anakhutukira pa dziko lapansi, akumakwirira chamoyo chiri chonse, ndi kukuta mapiri onse! Kulemera kwakukulu kwambiri kolowetsedwamoko kukachititsa masinthidwe akulu pa nkhope ya dziko lapansi, kukumatundumula mitandadza ya mapiri ndi kupanga mathiphwa kuti mukhale madzi. M’kati mwa nyengo ya pafupi-fupi chaka chimodzi amene’wa anali atatsikira m’nyanja za mchere monga momwe tikuzidziwira lero lino. Kunali kokha mwa chozizwitsa cha Mulungu kuti chingalawa chokhoza kusweka, limodzi ndi katundu wake wamtengo wapatali wa anthu asanu ndi atatu ndi ziwiri za mtundu uli wonse wa zinyama ndi mbalame (kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri ponena za zinyama zoyera), zinali zokhoza kupulumuka. Anefili oipa’wo ndi anthu ndi zolengedwa zina zamoyo pa nkhope ya dziko lapansi zinaonongeka. Ponena za “ana a Mulungu” opanduka’wo, amene’wa anakakamizika kubwerera ku malo a mizimu, kumene mwa lamulo la Mulungu tsopano “asungidwa kaamba ka chiweruzo” ndi kudulidwa.—2 Petro 2:4, 5, 9.

14. Kodi zochitika za m’tsiku la Nowa zikuphiphiritsiranji? (Mateyu 24:21, 22, 44)

¹⁴ Chimene chinachitika m’nthawi ya Nowa chimasonyeza kuti Yehova Mulungu ali wokhoza kupulumutsa, ndipo adzapulumutsa, anthu wamba ochimwa amene amam’khulupirira ndi makonzedwe ake a chipumulutso, amene tsopano azikidwa pa “Mwana wa munthu,” “mbeu” yolonjezedwa ndi Mesiya, Yesu Kristu. (Agalatiya 1:4) Ponena za nthawi mu imene tsopano tikukhalamo ndi moyo, pamene Mwana wa munthu adza kudzachotsa “dongosolo loipa la zinthu liropo’li,” Mwana mwiniyo anati:

“Ndipo monga masiku a Nowa, kotero kudzakhala kufika kwake kwa Mwana wa munthu. Pakuti monga m’maisku aja, chisanafike chigumula, anthu analinkudya ndi kumwa, analikukwatira ndi kukwatiwa, kufikira tsiku limene Nowa analowa m’chingalawa, ndipo iwo sanadziwa kanthu, kufikira kumene chigumula chinadza, chinapululutsa iwo onse, kotero kudzakhala kufika kwake kwa Mwana wa munthu.” (Mateyu 24:37-39)

Posachedwapa, anthu onse amene akusankha mwadyera kunyalanyaza makonzedwe a Yehova “adzaonongedwa’di pamodzi; m’tsogolo mwa anthu oipa ndithudi mudzadulidwa.”—Salmo 37:38, NW.

15. (a) Kodi cholowa chathu cha uchimo chimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kwa ife kukondweretsa Mulungu? (b) Kodi ndi mikhalidwe ndi machitidwe otani za Abele, Enoke ndi Nowa zimene ife tiyenera kufuna-funa kuzitsanzira, ndipo chifukwa ninji? (3 Yohane 11)

¹⁵ Komabe, simafunikira kuganizira kuti thupi lauchimo limene munalilandira kochokera kwa kholo lanu Adamu, ndi zolakwa zosakhala zadala zimene mumapanga, tsiku ndi tsiku, zimakuikani m’gulu limodzi ndi anthu oipa amene’wo. Mofanana ndi Abele mungasonyeze chikhulupiror chimene chiri chokondweretsa kwa Mulungu, mukumazika chimene’chi tsopano pa nsembe ya yesu. Mofanana ndi Enoke, mungayende ndi Mulungu, mukumalankhula ndi ena za ziweruzo Zake pa dziko lopanda umulungu liripo’li. Mofanana ndi Nowa, mungakhale “mlaliki wachilungamo,” mukumauza anansi anu za lonjezo la Mulungu la kulenga chitaganya cha anthu m’chimene “mudzakhala chilungamo.” (2 Petro 2:5; 3:13, NW) Motero mungakhale m’malo a chisungiko m’nthawi ino ya bvuto la dziko.

[Bokosi patsamba 83]

UMBONI WA CHIGUMULA CHA PA DZIKO LONSE LAPANSI

Yesu Kristu akuchitira umboni: “M’masiku a Nowa, . . . chigumula chinadza ndi kuononga iwo onse.”– Luka 17:26, 27, NW.

Pali umboni weni-weni wakuti dziko lapansi la Chigumula chisanachitike linali ngati “nazale” ya pa dziko lonse lapansi yokhala ndi mkhalidwe wofanana wa kutentha pansi pa thambo lamadzi limene Mulungu analitsegula kuchititsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa Chigumula:

Scientific Monthly, August 1949: “M’masiku amene’wo dziko lapansi linali ndi mkhalidwe wotentha kapena wotentha pang’ono pa mbali yaikulu ya nkhope yake ya dziko lapansi . . . Dziko linali lotsika ndipo panalibe mapiri atali.”

Science et Vie, July 1966: “[Antarctica] pa nthawi ina anali dziko lobiriwira kumene mitsinje inayenda pakati pa maluwa, kumene mbalame zinaimba m’mitengo.”

Science News, October 4, 1975: “ Pafupi-fupi mwa anthu ali onse. . . mumabuka nthano zofanana kwambiri zonena za chigumula chachikulu chimene chinafafaniza kutsungula kumene kunali kubuka ndi kusintha nkhope ya dziko lapansi. Umboni watsopano wotengedwa pansi pa nyanja . . . umatsimikizira kukhalako kwa chigumula cha pa dziko lonse lapansi chotero’cho.”

The Deluge Story in Stone, lolembedwa ndi Byron C. Nelson: “M’mene nsomba mamiliyoni ochuluka zatsekeredwera m’matanthwe a England, Scotland, Wales, Germany, Switzerland, the American Rockies; m’mene njobvu ndi zipembere zakwiririkira mamiliyoni ochuluka mu Alaska, Siberia, England, Italy, Greece; . . . m’mene mitundu ya abuluzi yakwiririka mamiliyoni ochuluka kumadzulo kwa Canada, United States, South America, Afirika, Australia, kuchula chigawo chabe chaching’ono cha zochitika zotero’zo, kumafunikira kotheratu kulongosoledwa kwa zigumula zazikulu kuti zimveketsedwe.”

Monarchs and Tombs and Peoples—The Dawn of the Orient, lolembedwa ndi Prince Mikasa: “Kodi kunali’di Chigumula? Chifukwa cha zofukulidwa ndi ofukula za pansi m’zaka zaposachedwapa, cheni-cheni chakuti chigumula chinachitika’di chatsimikiziridwa mokhutiritsa kwambiri.”

[Mapu patsamba 75]

(Onani m’buku lenileni kuti mumvetse izi)

TURKEY

Munda wa Edene

Nyanja ya Van

IRAQ

Mtsinje wa Tigris

SURIYA

Mtsinje wa Firate

Nyanja Yaikulu ya Mediterranean

[Chithunzi patsamba 76]

Choyamba Hava, kenako Adamu, anachimwa, ‘akumaphonya chandamale’ cha kumvera Mulungu kwangwiro

[Zithunzi patsamba 81]

Abele, Enoke ndi Nowa, ngakhale anali ochimwa, anabvomerezedwa chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro; ochimwa dala analangidwa