“Dzina Lanu Liyeretsedwe”—Dzina Liti?
Kodi ndinu munthu wopembedza? Pamenepo mosakaikira, mofanana ndi ena ambiri, mumakhulupirira Mulungu. Ndipo mosakaikira mumalemekeza kwambiri pemphero lotchukalo kwa Mulungu ameneyo, lophunzitsidwa ndi Yesu kwa otsatira ake ndi lodziwika kukhala Pemphero la Ambuye, kapena Atate Wathu. Pempherolo limayamba motere: “Atate wathu wakumwamba, dzina lanu liyeretsedwe.”—Mateyu 6:9.
Kodi munayamba mwadabwa chifukwa chake Yesu anaika ‘kuyeretsedwa’ kapena kupatulidwa, kwa dzina la Mulungu choyamba m’pemphero limeneli? Pambuyo pake, anatchula zinthu zina zonga ngati kudza kwa Ufumu wa Mulungu, chifuniro cha Mulungu chikumachitidwa padziko lapansi ndi machimo athu akumakhululukidwa. Kukwaniritsidwa kwa mapempho ena amenewa potsirizira pake kudzatanthauza mtendere wosatha padziko lapansi ndi moyo wosatha kwa anthu. Kodi mungaganizire kanthu kena kofunika kwambiri koposa zimenezo? Komabe, Yesu anatiuza kupempherera choyamba cha zonse kupatulidwa kwa dzina la Mulungu.
Sikunali chabe mwamwai kuti Yesu anaphunzitsa omtsatira kuika dzina la Mulungu poyamba m’mapemphero awo. Dzina limenelo mwachiwonekere linali lofunika kwambiri kwa iye, popeza kuti analitchula mobwerezabwereza m’mapemphero ake. Panthawi ina pamene anali nkupemphera poyera kwa Mulungu, anamvedwa akuti: “Atate, lemekezani dzina lanu!” Ndipo Mulungu mwiniyo anayankha: “Ndalilemekeza, ndipo ndidzalilemekezanso.”—Yohane 12:28, The Jerusalem Bible.
Madzulo Yesu asanafe, analinkupemphera kwa Mulungu ophunzira ake alinkumva, ndipo kachiwirinso iwo anamumva akugogomezera kufunika kwa dzina la Mulungu. Iye anati: “Ndadziwikitsa dzina lanu kwa anthu amene munawatenga m’dziko kundipatsa.” Pambuyo pake, iye anabwereza kuti: “Ndadziwikitsa dzina lanu kwa iwo ndipo ndidzapitiriza kulidziwikitsa.”—Yohane 17:6, 26, JB.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji dzina la Mulungu linali lofunika kwambiri kwa Yesu? Kodi nchifukwa ninji anasonyeza kuti nlofunikanso kwa ife, mwakutiuza kupempherera kuyeretsedwa kwake? Kuti timvetsetse zimenezi, tifunikira kuzindikira mmene maina anawonedwera m’nthawi Yabaibulo.
Maina m’Nthawi Zabaibulo
Yehova Mulungu mwachiwonekere anaika mwa munthu chikhumbo cha kutcha zinthu maina. Munthu woyamba anali ndi dzina, Adamu. M’mbiri ya chilengedwe, chimodzi cha zinthu zoyamba zimene Adamu akusimbidwa kukhala akuchita ndicho kutcha maina zinyama. Pamene Mulungu anapatsa Adamu mkazi, mofulumira Adamu anamutcha “Mkazi” (’Ish·shahʹ, m’Chihebri). Pambuyo pake, anampatsa dzinalo Hava, lotanthauza “Wamoyo,” chifukwa chakuti “iye anayenera kukhala amai wa aliyense wamoyo.” (Genesis 2:19, 23; 3:20, NW) Ngakhale lerolino timatsatira chizolowezi cha kupereka maina kwa anthu. Ndithudi, nkovuta kwambiri kuyerekezera mmene tikanachitira popanda maina.
Komabe, m’nthawi za Aisrayeli, maina sanali zizindikiro chabe. Iwo anatanthauza kanthu kena. Mwachitsanzo, dzina la Isake, “Kuseka,” linakumbutsa kuseka kwamakolo ake okalamba pamene iwo choyamba anamva kuti adzakhala ndi mwana. (Genesis 17:17, 19; 18:12) Dzina la Esau linatanthauza “Waubweya,” lofotokoza mkhalidwe wakuthupi. Dzina lake lina, Edomu, “Chofiiracho,” kapena “Mphodza,” linali chokumbutsa chakuti iye anagulitsa ukulu wake ndi mbale yamphodza. (Genesis 25:25, 30-34; 27:11; 36:1) Yakobo, ngakhale kuli kwakuti iye anali kokha wocheperapo pang’ono koposa mbale wake wamapasa, Esau, anagula ukulu kwa Esau nalandira dalitso la woyamba kubadwa kwa atate wake. Kuyambira pa kubadwa, tanthauzo la dzina la Yakobo linali “Wogwira chitende” kapena “Wolanda Malo.” (Genesis 27:36) Mofananamo dzina la Solomo, mkati mwa kulamulira kwake Israyeli anakhala ndi mtendere ndi kulemerera, linatanthauza “Wamtendere.”—1 Mbiri 22:9.
Motero, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary (Voliyamu 1, tsamba 572) limafotokoza zotsatirapozi: “Kupendedwa kwa liwulo ‘dzina’ mu Chipangano Chakale kumavumbula mmene linatanthauzira m’Chihebri. Dzina siliri chizindikiro chabe, koma limatanthauza umunthu weniweni wa iye kwa amene laperekedwa.”
Chenicheni chakuti Mulungu amawona maina kukhala ofunika chikuwoneka m’chakuti, mwa mngelo, analangiza makolo amtsogolo a Yohane Mbatizi ndi Yesu ponena za amene maina a ana awo ayenera kukhala. (Luka 1:13, 31) Ndipo nthawi zina anasintha maina, kapena anapatsa anthu maina owonjezereka, kusonyeza malo amene iwo anati adzakhale nawo m’chifuno chake. Mwachitsanzo, pamene Mulungu ananeneratu kuti mtumiki wake Abramu (“Atate wa Chikondwerero”) akakhala atate wa mitundu yambiri Iye anasintha dzina lake kukhala Abrahamu (“Atate wa unyinji”). Ndipo anasintha dzina la mkazi wa Abrahamu, Sarai (“Wolongolola”), kukhala Sara (“Mkazi wa Kalonga”), popeza kuti iye akakhala amai wa mbewu ya Abrahamu.—Genesis 17:5, 15, 16; yerekezerani Genesis 32:28; 2 Samueli 12:24, 25.
Yesu, nayenso, anazindikira kufunika kwa maina ndipo anatchula dzina la Petro m’kumpatsa mwai wautumiki. (Mateyu 16:16-19) Ngakhale zolengedwa zauzimu ziri ndi maina. Ziwiri zotchulidwa m’Baibulo ndizo Gabrieli ndi Mikaeli. (Luka 1:26; Yuda 9) Ndipo pamene munthu amapereka maina ku zinthu zopanda moyo zonga nyenyezi, mapulaneti, matauni, mapiri ndi mitsinje, iye akungotsanzira Mlengi wake. Mwachitsanzo, Baibulo limatiuza kuti Mulungu amatchula nyenyezi zonse ndi maina.—Yesaya 40:26.
Inde, maina ngofunika m’maso mwa Mulungu, ndipo iye anaika mwa munthu chikhumbo cha kusiyanitsa anthu ndi zinthu mwanjira ya maina. Motero angelo, anthu, zinyama, kuphatikizapo nyenyezi ndi zinthu zina zopanda moyo, ziri ndi maina. Kodi kukakhala kogwirizana kwa Mlengi wa zinthu zonsezi kudzisiya wopanda dzina? Ndithudi ayi, makamaka polingalira za mawu a wamasalmo: “Anthu onse adalitsetu dzina loyera [la Mulungu] kunthawi yonse, ngakhale kosatha.”—Salmo 145:21, NW.
The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Voliyamu 2, tsamba 649) imati: “Imodzi ya mbali zazikulu ndi zofunika koposa za vumbulutso la Baibulo ndiyo chenicheni chakuti Mulungu sali wopanda dzina: iye ali ndi dzina lake, limene iye angathe, ndipo ayenera, kuitanidwa nalo.” Yesu analingaliradi dzina limenelo pamene anaphunzitsa omtsatira kupemphera kuti: “Atate wathu wakumwamba, dzina lanu liyeretsedwe.”—Mateyu 6:9.
Polingalira zonsezi, nkofunika mwachiwonekere kwa ife kudziwa limene liri dzina la Mulungu. Kodi inu mukudziwa dzina lake la Mulungu?
Kodi Dzina la Mulungu Ndani?
Modabwitsa, unyinji wa mamiliyoni mazana ambiri a ziwalo za matchalitchi a Dziko Lachikristu mwinamwake ukakuwona kukhala kovuta kuyankha funso limenelo. Ena akanena kuti dzina la Mulungu ndiro Yesu Kristu. Komabe Yesu anali kupemphera kwa munthu wina pamene anati: “Ndaliwonetsera dzina lanu kwa anthu amene mwandipatsa ine m’dziko lapansi.” (Yohane 17:6) Iye anali kupemphera kwa Mulungu kumwamba, monga mwana wolankhula kwa atate wake. (Yohane 17:1) Linali dzina la Atate wake wakumwamba limene linayenera ‘kuyeretsedwa,’ kapena ‘kupatulidwa.’
Komabe Mabaibulo ambiri amakono alibe dzinalo, ndipo silimagwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri m’matchalitchi. Chifukwa cha chimenecho, m’malo mwa kukhala ‘loyeretsedwa,’ lataika kwa owerenga Baibulo mamiliyoni ambiri. Monga chitsanzo cha mmene otembenuza Baibulo achitira ndi dzina la Mulungu, lingalirani vesi limodzi lokha kumene limapezeka: Salmo 83:18. Umu ndimo mmene lemba limeneli likutembenuzidwira m’Mabaibulo anai osiyanasiyana:
“Adziwetu kuti inu nokha, amene dzina lanu ndilo AMBUYE, ndinu Wam’mwambamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.”(Revised Standard Version la 1952)
“Kuwaphunzitsa kuti inu, O Wamuyaya, inu ndinu Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.” (A New Translation of the Bible, lolembedwa ndi James Moffatt, la 1922)
“Iwo adziwe ichi kuti, inu nokha muli ndi dzina lakuti Yahweh, Wam’wambamwamba pa dziko lonse lapansi pano.” (Malembo Oyera a 1966)
“Kuti adziwe kuti inu nokha, dzina lanu ndinu Yehova, ndinu Wammwambamwamba pa dziko lonse lapansi.” (Bukhu Lopatulika)
Kodi nchifukwa ninji dzina la Mulungu limawoneka kukhala losiyana kwambiri m’matembenuzidwe amenewa? Kodi dzina lake ndi AMBUYE, Wamuyaya, Yahweh kapena Yehova? Kapena kodi onsewa ngovomerezeka?
Kuti tiyankhe limeneli, tifunikira kukumbukira kuti Baibulo poyambirira silinalembedwe m’Chichewa. Olemba Baibulowo anali Ahebri, ndipo iwo kwakukulukulu analemba m’chinenero Chachihebri ndi Chigiriki cham’nthawi yawo. Ochulukafe sitimalankhula zinenero zakale zimenezo. Koma Baibulo latembenuzidwira m’zinenero zankhaninkhani zamakono, ndipo tingagwiritsire ntchito matembenuzidwe amenewa pamene tikufuna kuwerenga Mawu a Mulungu.
Akristu amalemekeza kwambiri Baibulo ndipo moyenerera amakhulupirira kuti “lemba lirilonse adaliuzira Mulungu.” (2 Timoteo 3:16) Chifukwa cha chimenecho, kutembenuza Baibulo ndithayo lalikuru. Ngati munthu wina mwadala asintha kapena adumpha mbali ya zamkati mwa Baibulo, iye akusewera ndi Mawu ouziridwa. Kwa woteroyo chenjezo Lamalemba likagwira ntchito: “Munthu akawonjeza pa awa, adzamuwonjezera Mulungu miliri yolembedwa m’bukhumu: ndipo aliyense akachotsako pa mawu a bukhu la chinenero ichi, Mulungu adzamchotsera gawo lake pa mtengo wamoyo.”—Chivumbulutso 22:18, 19; wonaninso Deuteronomo 4:2.
Mosakaikira otembenuza Baibulo ochuluka amalemekeza Baibulo ndipo mowona mtima amafuna kulipangitsa kukhala lomvekera bwino m’nyengo yamakono ino. Koma otembenuza sali ouziridwa. Ochuluka a iwo alinso ndi malingaliro amphamvu, ponena za nkhani zachipembedzo, ndipo angasonkhezeredwe ndi malingaliro awo ndi zofuna. Iwonso angapange zolakwa kapena zophophonya m’kulingalira.
Chifukwa cha chimenecho, tiri ndi kuyenera kwa kufunsa mafunso ena ofunika: “Kodi dzina lenileni la Mulungu nlotani? Ndipo kodi nchifukwa ninji m’matembenuzidwe Abaibulo osiyanasiyana ali ndi maina osiyanasiyana a Mulungu? Titapeza yankho lamafunso amenewa, tingabwerere kufunso lathu loyamba: Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuyeretsedwa kwa dzina la Mulungu kuli kofunika kwambiri?
[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 4]
Angelo, anthu, zinyama, kuphatikizapo nyenyezi ndi zinthu zina zopanda moyo, ziri ndi maina. Kodi kukakhala koyenera kuti Mlengi wa zinthu zonsezi akhale wopanda dzina?
[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 5]
Mwachiwonekere dzina la Mulungu linali lofunika koposa kwa Yesu, popeza kuti analitchula mobwerezabwereza m’mapemphero ake