Malo a Dziko Lolonjezedwa
Idyani Chakudya—Idyani Mkate
PANTHAŴI ina pamene Yesu ndi ophunzira ake anali m’nyumba, “sanathedi kudya chakudya” chifukwa cha khamu. (Marko 3:20, NW) Panthaŵi ina Yesu analoŵa m’nyumba ya Mfarisi wina “kukadya chakudya.” (Luka 14:1, NW) Kodi mulingalira kuti chinali chakudya chamtundu wanji?
Mwinamwake Aisrayeli akale akanaganiza za mkate chifukwa chakuti mawu a Chihebri ndi Chigiriki akuti “kudya chakudya” kwenikweni anatanthauza kuti “kudya mkate.” Zimenezi nzomvekera, popeza kuti mkate wopangidwa ndi tirigu kapena barele unali chakudya chawo chachikulu.
Lerolino anthu ambiri amalingalira za makolo akale Achihebri kukhala abusa ndipo ophunzira a Yesu monga asodzi. Ndipo ena a iwo anachitadi ntchito zotero koma ndithudi osati onse. Tirigu anali chakudya chachikulu kwa ambiri. Mwachiwonekere zimenezi zinali choncho kwa Isake ndi Yakobo panthaŵi zina, monga momwe tingatsimikizirire zimenezi pa Genesis 26:12; 27:37; ndi 37:7. Ndipo popeza kuti ulimi unali ntchito yaikulu mu Galileya m’nthaŵi ya Yesu, kodi ena a amene anakhala atumwi angakhale anali alimi a tirigu?
Kuthekerako kulipo, pakuti kulima tirigu kunali kofala m’Dziko Lolonjezedwa, ndipo umboni wake Wabaibulo ngwambiri. (Deuteronomo 8:7-9; 1 Samueli 6:13) Kodi kunaphatikizapo chiyani?
Mvula ya chizima lupsa itafeŵetsa nthaka mu October ndi November, mlimi wa tirigu ankagaula mmunda ndiyeno kufesa mbewu zake. Pamenepo mvula yotsatira inkathandizira mbewu zake kukula ndiyeno, mu April ndi May, kucha kukhala zofiirira kutentha kwa chilimwe kusanadze. Kututa tirigu kunali kodziŵika bwino kwambiri kwakuti mumakuŵerenga monga chisonyezero cha nyengo. (Genesis 30:14; Oweruza 15:1) Kodi mungatsimikize kuti ndinyengo ya chaka iti pamene chithunzithunzi chokhala patsamba lakumanzere chinajambulidwa?a Ndipo kodi inali nyengo iti pamene ophunzira a Yesu anabudula ngala zosacha za tirigu?—Mateyu 12:1.
Kututa tirigu kunatanthauza ntchito yochuluka kwa alimi. Otutawo ankadula mapesi ake ndi nangwape ndi kuwamanga mitolo, monga momwe mukuwonera pansipa. Zowonadi, mapesi ena anganyalanyazidwe kapena kugwera pansi, chimene chiri chifukwa chake Rute ankakunkhira mwachipambano. (Rute 2:2, 7, 23; Marko 4:28, 29) Kenako mitolo ya tirigu inatengeredwa padwale lopunthira, monga la Arauna. Kodi nchiyani chinachitika kumeneko? Baibulo limatchula za ‘chowombera tirigu ndi zomangira ng’ombe.’ (2 Samueli 24:18-22; 1 Mbiri 21:23) Mitolo ya tiriguyo inkamwalamwazidwa padwale kapena pamalo otsindiridwa bwino. Nkhunzi kapena nyama ina iriyonse inkayendapo mozungulira, ikumapuntha tirigu. Nyamayo ingakhale ikukoka choombera tirigu chamtengo chimene chinkathandiza kuphwanya mapesi ndi kuyoyola ngala zake.—Yesaya 41:15.
Pamenepo ngalazo zinayembekezereka kupepetedwa, kumene kunachitidwa mwa kuulizira m’mwamba ndi fosholo kapena ngowe, monga momwe tikuwonera pamwambapa. (Mateyu 3:12) Mlimiyo angapepete nthaŵi yamadzulo pamene kamphepo koomba kakaulutsa mungu (mankhusu a tirigu) ndi kuponyera mapesi ake pambali. Pamene tiriguyo anasonkhanitsidwa ndi kupepetedwa kuchotsa mchenga uliwonse, anasungidwa—kapena kupangira chakudya chofunika kwambiricho, mkate.—Mateyu 6:11.
Ngati munali mkazi wapanyumba wokhala ndi thayo lotero, tsiku lirilonse mukanayenera kugwiritsira ntchito mtondo ndi musi kutibulira tiriguyo kukhala ufa, mwinamwake ufa wa tirigu wokhala ndi timisere pang’ono. Kapena mukanamutibula kukhala “ufa wosalala,” wonga umene Sara anagwiritsira ntchito kukonzera “mikate” ya angelo ovala matupi a anthu kapena imene Aisrayeli anagwiritsira ntchito popereka nsembe ya dzinthu kwa Yehova. (Genesis 18:6; Eksodo 29:2; Levitiko 2:1-5; Numeri 28:12) Sara anasanganiza ufa wa tiriguwo ndi madzi nazipota kukhala ntchintchi.
Pansipa, mungawone nthongo za ntchintchi ndi mtanda umodzi waphanthiphanthi, wopyapyala woyembekezera kuwotchedwa. Mikate yaikulu imeneyo, yankhokwe inkawotchedwa pamafuwa kapena m’chiwaya, monga momwe akuchitira mkaziyo. Kodi zimenezi zikukuthandizani kuwona zimene kenako Sara anachitira alendo aungelowo ndi zimene banja la Loti linachita nthaŵi ina pambuyo pake? Timaŵerenga kuti: “[Angelo] anapatukira kwa iye, naloŵa m’nyumba mwake; ndipo anawakonzera iwo madyerero, naphika mikate yopanda chotupitsa, ndipo anadya.”—Genesis 19:3.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a Yerekezerani ndi Kalenda ya Mboni za Yehova ya 1992.
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 24]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 24]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Garo Nalbandian