Kodi Chisalungamo Sichidzatha?

“Mosasamala kanthu za zonsezi ndikukhulupirirabe kuti anthu ngabwino mwachibadwa. Sindingamange chiyembekezo changa pamaziko okhala ndi chisokonezo, masoka, ndi imfa.”​—Anne Frank.

ANNE FRANK, mtsikana wachiyuda wazaka 15 zakubadwa ndiye analemba mawu omvetsa chisoni amenewo atatsala pang’ono kufa. Kwa zaka zoposa ziŵiri, banja lake linali litabisala m’kachipinda kena ku Amsterdam. Chiyembekezo chake cha dziko labwino chinafafanizika pamene winawake anakanena kwa Anazi za kumene kunali a m’banja lake. M’chaka chotsatira, 1945, Anne anamwalira ndi matenda a typhus mumsasa wachibalo wa Bergen-Belsen. Ayuda enanso mamiliyoni asanu ndi limodzi anakumananso ndi tsoka lofananalo.

Chiŵembu chaudyerekezi cha Hitler chofuna kufafaniza fuko lonse lathunthu mwina ndicho chisalungamo chaufuko choipitsitsa chimene chachitikapo m’zaka za zana lathuli, koma si chokhacho. Mu 1994 Atutsi oposa theka la miliyoni anaphedwa ku Rwanda, chabe chifukwa chakuti anali a mtundu “wolakwika.” Ndipo m’nkhondo yadziko yoyamba, Aameniya pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi anafa pankhondo yaufuko.

Nkhanza ya Chisalungamo

Kupululutsa fuko sindiwo mtundu wokha wa chisalungamo. Chisalungamo pazochitika za masiku onse chachititsa chigawo chimodzi mwa zigawo zisanu za chiŵerengero cha mtundu wa anthu kukhala mu umphaŵi wadzaoneni kwa moyo wawo wonse. Komanso, gulu loyang’anira ufulu wachibadwidwe lotchedwa Anti-Slavery International likuti anthu oposa 200,000,000 ali mu ukapolo. Mwina pali akapolo ambiri padziko lapansi lerolino kuposa amene analiko panthaŵi ina iliyonse kalelo. Ngakhale kuti sakugulitsidwa poyera, koma mikhalidwe ya pantchito zawo nthaŵi zambiri njoipa kuposa ya akapolo akale.

Chisalungamo m’zamalamulo chimalanda anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ufulu wawo. “Kunyalanyaza ufulu wachibadwidwe kukuchitika pafupifupi tsiku lililonse kwinakwake padziko lapansi,” likutero bungwe lotchedwa Amnesty International m’lipoti lake la 1996. “Amene amachitiridwa kwambiri nkhanza imeneyi ndi amphaŵi, ndiponso anthu osoŵa thandizo, makamaka akazi, ana, anthu achikulire ndi othaŵa kwawo.” Lipotilo linati: “M’maiko ena, boma linatheratu mphamvu, ndipo anthu osoŵa thandizo sakutetezeredwa mwalamulo kwa anthu amphamvu.”

M’chaka cha 1996 anthu zikwi makumi ambiri anagwidwa ndi kuzunzidwa. Ndipo m’zaka zaposachedwapa, anthu zikwi mazana ambiri asoŵa, mwachionekere agwidwa ndi asilikali achitetezo kapena ndi magulu aupandu. Ambiri a iwo akuwaganizira kuti anafa.

Ndithudi, tikudziŵa bwino kuti mulibe chilungamo m’nkhondo, koma zayamba kunyanya. Nkhondo zamakono zimapha anthu wamba, kuphatikizapo akazi ndi ana. Ndipo sikuti zimenezi zimachitika chabe chifukwa cha kuponya mabomba mosasankha m’mizinda. Pamakhala makonzedwe a asilikali ogwirira akazi ndi atsikana monga mbali ya nkhondo, ndipo magulu ambiri oukira boma amaba ana kuti akawaphunzitse kukhala akupha. Ponena za zochitika zimenezi, lipoti la United Nations lotchedwa “Mmene Ana Amakhudzidwira ndi Nkhondo Yomenyana ndi Zida” linati: “Anthu ochulukirachulukira akukhala opandiratu khalidwe.”

Sitingakayikire zonena kuti kupanda khalidwe kumeneku kwachititsa dziko lapansi kukhala lodzala ndi chisalungamo​—kaya chikhale chaufuko, cha m’zochitika za masiku onse, m’zamalamulo, kapena m’zankhondo. Komano zimenezi si zachilendo. Zaka zoposa zikwi ziŵiri kudza mazana asanu zapitazo, mneneri wina wachihebri anadandaula kuti: “Malamulo sakuthandiza ndipo ngopanda ntchito, ndipo kulibe chilungamo. Anthu oipa akupondereza olungama, chotero chilungamo chapindika.” (Habakuku 1:4, Today’s English Version) Ngakhale kuti nthaŵi zonse pakhala pali chisalungamo chochuluka, zaka za zana la 20 zidzasimbidwa m’mbiri kuti ndi nthaŵi pamene chisalungamo chinawonjezereka kwadzaoneni.

Kodi Chisalungamo ndi Vuto?

Pamakhala vuto pamene munthu waloŵa m’zovuta chifukwa cha chisalungamo. Chisalungamo ndi vuto chifukwa chimalanda anthu ambiri ufulu wawo wokhala ndi chimwemwe. Ndiponso ndi vuto chifukwa chakuti chisalungamo nthaŵi zambiri chimayambitsa nkhondo zadzaoneni, zimenenso zimachititsa kuti pakhale chisalungamo chowonjezereka.

Mtendere ndi chimwemwe nzogwirizana kwambiri ndi chilungamo, koma chisalungamo chimafafaniza chiyembekezo ndi kuthetsa malingaliro abwino. Monga momwe Anne Frank anazindikirira atakumana ndi tsoka, anthu sangamange chiyembekezo chawo pamaziko okhala ndi chisokonezo, masoka, ndi imfa. Monga iye, tonsefe tikufuna moyo wabwino.

Chikhumbo chimenechi chachititsa anthu oona mtima kuyesa kudzetsa chilungamo kwa anthu. Kuti achite zimenezi, Mfundo Zazikulu za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe zomwe Bungwe Lopanga Malamulo la United Nations linandondomeka mu 1948, zinati: “Anthu onse amabadwa ali aufulu ndiponso oyenerera ulemu ndi ufulu wolingana. Iwo amaganiza ndipo ali ndi chikumbumtima ndiponso ayenera kuchitirana zinthu mwaubale.”

Ameneŵatu ndi mawu anzeru, koma mtundu wa anthu udakali kutali kuti ufike pacholinga chokhumbirika chimenecho​—kuti anthu akhale otsata chilungamo, onse okhala ndi ufulu wolingana ndipo onse oonana monga abale. Zimenezi zitachitika, monga momwe mawu oyamba a Mfundo za UN zimenezo amanenera, zidzakhala “maziko a ufulu, chilungamo, ndi mtendere padziko lapansi.”

Kodi chisalungamo changokhala chachibadwa kwa anthu moti sichidzathetsedwa konse? Kapena kodi maziko olimba a ufulu, chilungamo, ndi mtendere adzayalidwa m’njira ina yake? Ngati zili motero, kodi ndani amene adzawayala ndi kuonetsetsa kuti onse adzapindula?

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 3]

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