Achinyamata Akufunsa Kuti. . .

N’chifukwa Chiyani Ndimaopa Kunenepa?

“Maganizo anga akundisautsa kwambiri. Mtima wanga ukufuna kudya, koma kwinaku sukufuna kudya chifukwa ndikuopa kunenepa kwambiri.”—Jaimee.

KODI n’chiyani chimene mumaopa koposa? Atsikana ambiri angayankhe mosakayikira kuti: kunenepa. Ndiponsotu, kufufuza kwina kunasonyeza kuti atsikana ambiri masiku ano akuopa kwambiri kunenepa kuposa nkhondo ya nyukiliya, kansa, kapena kufedwa makolo awo kumene.

Chodabwitsa n’chakuti, nthaŵi zina kuopa kunenepa kumayamba pa msinkhu waung’ono kwambiri. Dr. Catherine Steiner-Adair ananena kuti “ngakhale asanafike pa zaka zawo za unyamata, atsikana ambiri amacheza n’kumakambirana “nkhani za kunenepa”—macheza amene amaululirana kuti iwo sakonda matupi awo.” Maumboni akuonetsa kuti amenewo si macheza chabe ayi. Pakufufuza kochitidwa mwa atsikana 2,379, okwanira 40 peresenti ankayesayesa kuchepetsa thupi. Ndipo amene ankafunsidwawo anali a zaka zisanu ndi zinayi ndi khumi zokha basi!

M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, ambiri mwa atsikana ameneŵa adzakopedwa ndi madyedwe otchuka a kuchepetsa thupi. Choipa kwambiri ndi chakuti ena a iwo angadzakhale monga momwe alili Jenna wazaka 20. Ndi wamtali masentimita 160, koma mtsikana ameneyu amalemera makilogalamu 40 basi! Jenna akuti: “Kungoti sindifuna kudya basi. Chimene ndikuopa makamaka n’chakuti ndakhala zaka zitatu ndikuyesayesa kuchepetsa thupi, ndiye kuti ndidye ndidzanenepanso mwamsanga pakutha pa mwezi umodzi wokha.”

Mwina mungathe kumvetsa maganizo a Jenna. Mwina inunso munaganizapo zochepetsako thupi pang’ono kuti muzioneka bwino kwambiri. N’zoona, simukulakwa kuganizira za maonekedwe anu. Koma Jenna anatsala pang’ono kufa chifukwa cha kufunitsitsa kuchepetsa thupi. Zinakhala bwanji?

Kusala Kudya Kofa Nako

Jenna akulimbana ndi matenda oopsa a kudya otchedwa anorexia nervosa. Ngakhalenso Jaimee amene mawu ake agwidwa poyamba nkhani ino. Kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndithu atsikana ameneŵa akhaladi akusala kudya kofa nako, ndipo si okhawo ayi. Chiŵerengero chaonetsa kuti pafupifupi mtsikana mmodzi mwa 100 alionse amadwala anorexia. Kutanthauza kuti mamiliyoni a atsikana ali nawo—n’kuthekanso kuti alipo wina amene mukumudziŵa!a

Anorexia ingayambe mosadziŵika n’komwe. Mtsikana angayambe kusintha madyedwe ake n’kumaona ngati kuti palibe cholakwika. Mwina angatero kuti achepetseko thupi pang’ono chabe. Komabe, litachepa mmene amafunira sakhutiritsidwabe. “Ndidakali wonenepa kwambiri!” Amatero akudziyang’anira pagalasi moipidwa. Choncho amalingalira kuti alichepetsebe pang’ono. Kenaka pang’ono chabe. Ndiyeno pang’ononso. Basi chasanduka chizolowezi, ndipo mbewu za anorexia zadzalidwa.

Koma sikuti onse amene amasintha kadyedwe amadwala anorexia. Ena ali ndi zifukwa zokwanira zodera nkhaŵa ndi kunenepa kwawo, ndipo kwa oterowo kungakhaledi kothandiza kuchepetsako thupi pang’ono. Koma atsikana ambiri amaona thupi lawo molakwika. Magazini ya FDA Consumer ikuyerekezera kuona thupi molakwika ndi kudziyang’anira pagalasi lopangitsa zinthu kuoneka ngati zikuluzikulu. “Umadziona kuti ndiwe wonenepa kuposa mmene ulilidi,” magaziniyo ikutero.

Choncho, wodwala anorexia amaopa kwambiri kunenepa—ngakhale ali kale mafupa okhaokha. Angamachite maseŵera olimbitsa thupi kuti asanenepenso m’pang’ono pomwe ndipo angadziyese pa sikelo kangapo patsiku kufuna kutsimikiza kuti “sakubwereranso mwakale.” Amangodya pang’ono. Mwinanso sadya n’komwe. “Tsiku lililonse ndinkapita kusukulu nditatenga chakudya cha masana chimene amayi anga amakhala atandikonzera, ndipo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse ndinkachitaya,” akutero Heather. “Posapita nthaŵi ndinazoloŵera kukhala osadya moti ngakhale ndikafuna kudya, ndinkalephera. Sindinkamva njala.”

Pachiyambi, odwala anorexia monga Heather amasangalala kuona kuti ayamba kuchepa thupi. Komatu kupereŵera kwa zakudya m’thupi pomaliza pake kumavulaza. Wodwala anorexia amakhala watulo ndi wofooka. Amayamba kulephera m’kalasi. Amaleka kupita kumwezi.b M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ake kungakhale kwa pang’onopang’ono kwambiri koti n’kufa nako. Komabe, wodwala anorexia saganiza kuti pali choopsa chilichonse . M’malo mwake choopsa chokha chimene iye amaonapo ndi choti anganenepenso basi—ngakhale patakhala pang’ono bwanji.

Komabe, anorexia si nthenda yokhayo kapenanso yofala kwambiri ya kudya. Bulimia nervosa ndi matenda amene amagwira atsikana kuwirikiza katatu kuyerekeza ndi omwe amagwidwa ndi anorexia. Ndiye pali compulsive overeating, amene ali ofanana kwambiri ndi bulimia. Tiyeni tiwaone matenda ameneŵa mwatsatanetsatane.

Matenda Achinsinsi

“Posachedwapa mnzanga wina anaulula kuti amabisa chakudya ndipo kenaka amachidya mwachinsinsi. Kenaka amadzikakamiza kusanza. Iye analongosola kuti wakhala akuchita zimenezi kwa zaka ziŵiri.” Mawu aŵa, amene akulongosola zizindikiro za matenda a kudya otchedwa bulimia, adawalemba ndi wachinyamata wina patsamba la malangizo m’magazini inayake.

Wodwala bulimia amadya mopambanitsa, kapena kudya chakudya chambiri pa kanthaŵi kochepa. Kenaka amachichotsa chakudya chimene wadya chija m’thupi, nthaŵi zambiri amatero podzikakamiza kusanza.c Inde, lingaliro lochotsa zakudya m’mimba, lingaonekedi kukhala lonyansa. Komabe, Nancy J. Kolodny wantchito yothandiza anthu akulemba kuti: “Ukazoloŵera kudya mopambanitsa kenaka n’kumasanza, suonapo chovuta ayi. Kunyansidwa ngakhalenso mantha amene mumakhala nawo pachiyambi zimatha kenako umalakalaka mchitidwe wa bulimia umenewu.”

Anorexia ndi bulimia atchedwa “matenda osiyana amene gwero lake n’limodzi.” Ngakhale kuti ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana, matenda aŵiriwa amachititsidwa ndi nkhaŵa yokhudza zakudya.d Komabe, mosiyana ndi anorexia, bulimia ndi yosavuta kubisa. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti kudya mopambanitsa kumam’chititsa wodwalayo kusaonda, ndipo kusanza kumam’chititsa kuti asanenepe. Choncho munthu wodwala bulimia nthaŵi zambiri angakhale wosanenepa mopitirira komanso wosaonda, ndipo pagulu madyedwe ake angakhale ngati abwinobwino. Mayi wina dzina lake Lindsey akuti: “Kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, ndinkadya mopambanitsa n’kumakasanza kanayi kapena kasanu patsiku. . . . Palibe aliyense amene ankadziŵa zoti ndikudwala bulimia, chifukwa ndinkabisa podzionetsa kuti ndine wakhama pantchito, wachimwemwe, komanso ndinali ndi thupi labwinobwino.”

Komabe, zimenezi n’zosiyana pang’ono ndi zimene zimachitika kwa wodwala compulsive overeating. Monga wodwala bulimia, wodwalayu amadya zakudya zochuluka kwambiri nthaŵi imodzi. Buku la The New Teenage Body Book likuti: “Chifukwa chakuti akadya mopambanitsa choncho samasanza, wodwala matenda a compulsive overeating mwina anganenepe ndithu, mwinanso angakhale wonenepa mopitirira apo, nthaŵi zina anganenepe mopitirira zedi.”

Kuopsa Kwake

Matenda atatu onseŵa a kadyedwe angaliopseze kwambiri thanzi lanu. Anorexia ingachititse kusoŵa zakudya zofunikira m’thupi, ndipo nthaŵi zochuluka—ena anena kuti pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya odwala angafe. Kudya mopambanitsa, kaya pambuyo pake n’kusanza kaya ayi, kumavulaza thanzi lanu. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, kunenepa kopitirira kungachititse matenda owopsa a mtima, shuga, ngakhalenso mitundu ina ya kansa. Kusanza kochita kudzikakamiza kungachititse zilonda pa mmero, ndipo kumwa mankhwala otsegula m’mimba ndi okodzetsa mosayenera kumatha kufika pena poti mtima umaleka kugunda.

Komabe, patsala vuto lina lokhudza matenda a kudya limene liyenera kufotokozedwa. Odwala anorexia, bulimia ndi compulsive overeating nthaŵi zambiri amakhala osasangalala. Amadzipeputsa ndipo angakhale a nkhaŵa ndi opsinjika maganizo. Mwachionekere afunika chithandizo. Koma kodi anthu amene ali ndi vuto la kudya angathandizidwe bwanji kuti amasuke ku nkhaŵa ya kunenepa kwawo? Funso limeneli lidzayankhidwa m’kope la m’tsogolo la nkhani zoterezi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 14]

Kuona Thupi Molakwika

Atsikana ambiri amene amadandaula ndi kunenepa kwawo sayenera kutero. Pakufufuza kwina, 58 peresenti ya atsikana azaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 17 ankakhulupirira kuti ndi onenepa mopitirira koma kwenikweni 17 peresenti okha ndi omwe analidi choncho. Pakufufuza kwinanso, 45 peresenti ya amayi amene kwenikweni anali owonda ankaganiza kuti anali onenepa koposa! Kufufuza kwa m’dziko la Canada kunasonyeza kuti 70 peresenti ya amayi akumeneko amatanganidwa kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa matupi awo, ndipo 40 peresenti yawo amasinthasintha kadyedwe—kumadzinenepetsa kenaka n’kumadziwondetsanso.

Mwachionekere, kuona thupi molakwika kungapangitse atsikana ena kukhala ankhaŵa kwambiri koma pamene palibe vuto lililonse. “Ndili ndi mnzanga amene amamwa mapilisi ambiri a mankhwala ochepetsa thupi ndipo ndikudziŵa atsikana angapo amene ali ndi matenda a anorexia koma palibe aliyense wa iwo amene ungam’ganizire kuti ndi wonenepa,” akutero Kristin wazaka 16.”

Pazifukwa zabwino, magazini ya FDA Consumer ikulangiza kuti: “M’malo moti muchepetse thupi chifukwa choti ‘aliyense’ akutero kapena chifukwa choti simuli woonda monga momwe mukufunira, yambani kaye mwakaonana ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wa zakudya zofunika m’thupi, kuti mudziŵe ngati muli wonenepa mopitirira kapena ngati thupi lanu lili ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri kuyerekeza ndi zaka zanu ndi kutalika kwanu.”

[Chithunzi patsamba 15]

Ambiri amene amadandaula kuti ndi onenepa sayenera kutero