Chiweruzo cha Mulungu Motsutsana ndi “Munthu Wosayeruzika”

“Mtengo uliwonse wosapatsa chipatso chokoma, audula, nautaya kumoto.”​—MATEYU 7:19.

1, 2. Kodi nchiyani chimene chiri munthu wosayeruzika, ndipo kodi anayamba motani?

PAMENE mtumwi Paulo anawuziridwa ndi Mulungu kuneneratu za kudza kwa “munthu wosayeruzika,” iye ananena kuti akayamba kuwoneka m’tsiku lake. Monga mmene nkhani yapitayo yalongosolera, Paulo ankalankhula za gulu la anthu omwe akatsogolera m’kupatuka kuchoka pa Chikristu chowona. Kupatuka kumeneko kuchoka pa chowonadi kunayambika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana loyamba, makamaka pambuyo pa imfa ya atumwi omalizira. Gulu la wosayeruzikayo linayambitsa ziphunzitso ndi machitachita omwe adatsutsana ndi Mawu a Mulungu.​—2 Atesalonika 2:3, 7; Machitidwe 20:29, 30; 2 Timoteo 3:16, 17; 4:3, 4.

² Kupita kwa nthaŵi, gulu losayeruzika limeneli linakula kukhala atsogoleri achipembedzo a Dziko Lachikristu. Mphamvu zake zinalimbitsidwa ndi wolamulira Wachiroma Constantine m’zaka za zana lachinayi pamene matchalitchi ampatuko anagwirizanitsidwa ku Boma lachikunja. Pamene Dziko Lachikristu linapitirizabe kugawanikana kukhala mipatuko yambirimbiri, atsogoleri achipembedzo anapitirizabe kudzikweza pamwamba pa anthu wamba ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri pamwamba pa olamulira akudziko.​—2 Atesalonika 2:4.

3. Kodi nchiyani chimene chidzakhala tsoka la munthu wosayeruzika?

³ Kodi nchiyani chomwe chikakhala tsoka la munthu wosayeruzikayo? Paulo ananeneratu kuti: “Adzavumbulutsidwa wosayeruzikayo, amene Ambuye Yesu adzamthera . . . nadzamuwononga ndi mawonekedwe a kudza kwake.” (2 Atesalonika 2:8) Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiwonongeko cha atsogoleri achipembedzo chidzachitika pamene Mulungu adzawononga dongosolo lonse la zinthu la Satana. Mulungu akugwiritsira ntchito Mfumu yake yakumwamba, Kristu Yesu, kutsogolera magulu akupha aungelo. (2 Atesalonika 1:6-9; Chibvumbulutso 19:11-21) Tsoka limeneli likuyembekezera atsogoleri achipembedzo chifukwa chakuti anyoza Mulungu ndi Kristu ndipo atsogolera mamiliyoni a anthu kupatuka kuchoka pa kulambira kowona.

4. Kodi munthu wosayeruzika adzaweruzidwa mogwiritsira ntchito lamulo lotani?

⁴ Yesu anapereka lamulo pa limene munthu wosayeruzika akaweruzidwira, akumanena kuti: “Yang’anirani mupewe aneneri onyenga, amene adza kwa inu ndi zovala zankhosa, koma mkati mwawo ali afisi olusa. Mudzawazindikira ndi zipatso zawo. Kodi atchera mphesa paminga, kapena nkhuyu pamtula? Chomwecho mtengo wabwino uliwonse upatsa zipatso zokoma; koma mtengo wamphuchi upatsa zipatso zoipa. Sungathe mtengo wabwino kupatsa zipatso zoipa, kapena mtengo wamphuchi kupatsa zipatso zokoma. Mtengo uliwonse wosapatsa chipatso chokoma, audula, nautaya kumoto. . . . Si yense wakunena kwa Ine, Ambuye, Ambuye, adzalowa mu Ufumu wa Kumwamba; koma wakuchitayo chifuniro cha Atate wanga wa Kumwamba.”​—Mateyu 7:15-21; onaninso Tito 1:16; 1 Yohane 2:17.

Zipatso Zabwino Zachikristu

5. Kodi nchiyani chimene chiri maziko a zipatso zabwino Zachikristu, ndipo kodi ndiliti limene liri lamulo lalikulu?

⁵ Maziko a zipatso zabwino Zachikristu akuwoneka pa 1 Yohane 5:3, pomwe pamati: “Pakuti ichi ndi chikondi cha Mulungu, kuti tisunge malamulo ake.” Ndipo lamulo lalikulu ndi ili: “Uzikonda mnzako monga udzikonda iwe mwini.” (Mateyu 22:39) Chotero, atumiki owona a Mulungu ayenera kukhala ndi chikondi kwa anansi awo mosasamala kanthu za fuko kapena mtundu.​—Mateyu 5:43-48; Aroma 12:17-21.

6. Kodi nkwayani makamaka kumene chikondi Chachikristu chiyenera kusonyezedwa?

⁶ Atumiki a Mulungu afunikira kukhala ndi chikondi makamaka kwa awo amene ali abale awo auzimu. “Munthu akati, kuti, Ndikonda Mulungu, nadana naye mbale wake, ali wabodza; pakuti iye wosakonda mbale wake amene wamuwona, sakhoza kukonda Mulungu amene sanamuwona. Ndipo lamulo ili tiri nalo lochokera kwa Iye, kuti iye amene akonda Mulungu akondenso mbale wake.” (1 Yohane 4:20, 21) Yesu ananena kuti chikondi chimenecho chikakhala chizindikiro chodziŵikitsa Akristu owona: “Mwa ichi adzazindikira onse kuti muli akuphunzira anga, ngati muli nacho chikondano wina ndi mnzake.”​—Yohane 13:35; onaninso Aroma 14:19; Agalatiya 6:10; 1 Yohane 3:10-12.

7. Kodi Akristu owona amangiriridwa pamodzi motani dziko lonse?

⁷ Chikondi cha pa abale ndicho “ulimbo” umene umamanga atumiki a Mulungu paumodzi: “Khalani nacho chikondano, ndicho chomangira cha mtima wamphumphu.” (Akolose 3:14) Ndipo Akristu owona afunikira kukhala paumodzi ndi abale awo dziko lonse, popeza kuti Mawu a Mulungu amalamula kuti: “Munene chimodzimodzi inu nonse, . . . pasakhale malekano pakati pa inu; . . . mumangike mu mtima womwewo ndi m’chiweruziro chomwecho.” (1 Akorinto 1:10) Kuti asungebe chikondi ndi umodzi umenewu pa mlingo wa dziko lonse, atumiki a Mulungu ayenera kukhala auchete m’zochita za ndale zadziko lino. Yesu ananena kuti: “Siali a dziko lapansi monga Ine sindiri wa dziko lapansi.”​—Yohane 17:16.

8. Kodi ndimotani mmene Yesu anasonyezera chimene Akristu afunikira kuchita?

⁸ Yesu anasonyea kuya kwa chimene anali nacho m’maganizo pamene Petro anagwiritsira ntchito lupanga kudula khutu la mmodzi wa amuna omwe adadza kudzamgwira Yesu. Kodi Yesu analimbikitsa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu koteroko kuti achinjirize Mwana wa Mulungu molimbana ndi otsutsa? Ayi, koma iye anati kwa Petro: “Tabweza lupanga lako m’chimakemo.” (Mateyu 26:52) Chotero, Akristu owona samadziloŵetsa m’nkhondo za mitundu kapena m’kukhetsa mwazi kwina kulikonse kwa anthu ngakhale ngati kukanako kutulukapo m’kuphedwera kwawo chikhulupiriro kaamba ka kaimidwe kawo kauchete, monga mmene zachitikira kwa ena mkati mwa zaka mazanamazana ndipo ngakhale m’nthaŵi yathu ino. Iwo amadziŵa kuti kokha Ufumu wa Mulungu pansi pa Kristu ndiwo udzachotseratu nkhondo ndi kukhetsa mwazi.​—Salmo 46:9; Mateyu 6:9, 10; 2 Petro 3:11-13.

9. (a) Kodi mbiri yakale imatiuzanji ponena za Akristu oyambirira? (b) Kodi ichi chimasiyana motani ndi zipembedzo za Dziko Lachikristu?

⁹ Mbiri yakale imatsimikizira kuti Akristu a m’zaka za zana loyamba sakakhetsa mwazi wa anthu. Yemwe kale anali profesa wa maphunziro a zaumulungu wa ku England, Peter De Rosa, akulemba kuti: “Kukhetsa mwazi kunali chimo lowopsya. Ndicho chifukwa chake Akristu anatsutsa maseŵera olimbana ndi nyama. . . . Pamene kuli kwakuti nkhondo ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kunali koyenerera kuti asungirire Roma, Akristu anadzimva kukhala osakhoza kukhalamo ndi phande. . . . Mofanana ndi Yesu, Akristu anadzilingalira iwo eni kukhala athenga a mtendere; iwo sanakhoze kukhala ochititsa imfa m’zochitika zirizonse.” Kumbali ina, zipembedzo zosagwirizana za Dziko Lachikristu zaswa lamulo la chikondi ndipo zakhetsa mwazi wochulukiradi. Iwo sanakhale athenga a mtendere koma mobwerezabwereza akhala ochititsa imfa.

Babulo Wamkulu wa Liŵongo Lamwazi

10. Kodi Babulo Wamkulu ndani, ndipo kodi nchifukwa ninji akutchedwa motero?

¹⁰ Satana ndiye “mkulu wa dziko ili,” “mulungu wa dongosolo lino la zinthu.” (Yohane 12:31; 2 Akorinto 4:4, NW) Mbali ya dziko la Satana ndilo dongosolo ladziko lonse la chipembedzo chonyenga limene walimanga kwa zaka mazanamazana, kuphatikizapo Dziko Lachikristu ndi atsogoleri ake achipembedzo. Baibulo limatcha dongosolo ladziko la chipembedzo chonyenga limeneli kukhala “Babulo [Wamkulu, NW] amayi wa achigololo [auzimu] ndi wa zonyansitsa za dziko.” (Chibvumbulutso 17:5) Mizu ya zipembedzo zonyenga zamakono imabwerera kumbuyo ku mzinda wakale wa Babulo, womwe unazama m’chipembedzo chonyenga ndi ziphunzitso ndi machitachita onyoza Mulungu. Ndicho chifukwa chake mnzake wa Babulo wakale akutchedwa Babulo Wamkulu, ulamuliro wadziko wa chipembedzo chonyenga.

11. Kodi Baibulo limanenanji ponena za Babulo Wamkulu, ndipo kodi nchifukwa ninji?

¹¹ Ponena za Babulo wachipembedzo, Mawu a Mulungu akunena kuti: “Ndipo momwemo munapezedwa mwazi wa aneneri ndi oyera mtima, ndi onse amene anaphedwa padziko.” (Chibvumbulutso 18:24) Kodi ndimotani mmene zipembedzo zadziko zimenezi zirili ndi liŵongo la mwazi wa onse ophedwawo? M’chakuti zipembedzo zonsezi​—matchalitchi a Dziko Lachikristu ndi zipembedzo zosakhala Zachikristu mofananamo​—zachilikiza, kulola, kapenadi kutsogolera m’nkhondo za mitundu; iwo azunzanso ndi kupha anthu owopa Mulungu omwe sanavomerezane nawo.

Mbiri ya Kusalemekeza Mulungu

12. Kodi nchifukwa ninji atsogoleri achipembedzo a Dziko Lachikristu ali aliŵongo lalikulu kuposa atsogoleri ena achipembedzo?

¹² Atsogoleri achipembedzo a Dziko Lachikristu ali aliŵongo mokulira m’kukhetsa mwazi kuposa atsogoleri ena a chipembedzo. Chifukwa ninji? Chifukwa chakuti kuwonjezera pa kudzipatsa dzina la Mulungu, iwo atenganso la Kristu. Mwakutero iwo amadzipatsa thayo la kutsatira ziphunzitso za Yesu. (Yohane 15:10-14) Koma iwo sanatsatire ziphunzitso zimenezo, chotero akubweretsa chitonzo chokulira ponse paŵiri pa Mulungu ndi Kristu. Liŵongo la kukhetsa mwazi kochitidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo lakhala ponse paŵiri lachindunji, m’Nkhondo Zamtanda, nkhondo zina zachipembedzo, zilango, ndi zizunzo, ndi losakhala lachindunji, mwa kulola nkhondo m’zimene ziŵalo za matchalitchi zinapha anthu anzawo m’maiko ena.

13. Kodi atsogoleri achipembedzo anali ndi liŵongo la chiyani kuchokera m’zaka za zana la 11 kufika ku la 13?

¹³ Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera m’zaka za zana la 11 kufika mu la 13, atsogoleri achipembedzo a Dziko Lachikristu anayambitsa Nkhondo Zamtanda. Izizo zinatulukapo kukhetsa mwazi koipitsitsa ndi kusakaza m’dzina la Mulungu ndi la Kristu. Zikwi mazanamazana anaphedwa. Nkhondo Zamtandazo zinaphatikizapo kupha kopanda pake kwa zikwizikwi za ana omwe anakakamizidwa kutengamo mbali mu Nkhondo Yamtanda ya Ana ya chaka cha 1212.

14, 15. Kodi ndimotani mmene mkonzi Wachikatolika akuchitira ndemanga pa chimene Tchalitchi Chakatolika chinayambitsa m’zaka za zana la 13?

¹⁴ M’zaka za zana la 13, Tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika chinayambitsa mwalamulo kusakaza kwina kosalemekeza Mulungu​—Chilango. Icho chinayambira mu Europe ndi kufalikira kufika ku maiko a America, chikumachitika kwa utali wa zaka zoposa mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Koyambitsidwa ndi kuchilikizidwa ndi papa, iko kunali kuyesera kwakupha kwa kuzunza ndi kufafaniza onse amene anatsutsa tchalitchi. Pamene kuli kwakuti poyambapo tchalitchi chidazunza osakhala Akatolika, Chilangochi chidali chofika patali m’kachitidwe.

¹⁵ Peter De Rosa, yemwe akunena kuti iye “ndiwochilikiza Chikatolika,” akunena m’bukhu lake laposachedwapa lakuti Vicars of Christ​—The Dark Side of the Papacy: “Tchalitchi chinali ndi liŵongo la kuzunza Ayuda, la Chilango, la kupha otsutsa chikhulupiriro zikwizikwi, la kuyambitsanso kuzunza mu Europe monga mbali ya kachitidwe ka chiweruzo. . . . Apapa anaika ndi kupitikitsadi olamulira, anafuna kuti akakamize Chikristu pa nzika zawo pansi pa chiwopsyezo cha chizunzo ndi imfa. . . . Zotaika ku Uthenga Wabwino zinali zoipitsitsadi.” “Upandu” wokha wa ena amene anaphedwa unali wa kukhala ndi Baibulo.

16, 17. Kodi ndi ndemanga zotani zimene zapangidwa ponena za Chilango?

¹⁶ Ponena za Papa Innocent III wa kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 13, De Rosa akunena kuti: “Chavomerezedwa kuti m’chizunzo chomalizira ndi choipitsitsa kwenikweni pansi pa Wolamulira [Wachiroma] Diocletian [zaka za zana lachitatu] chifupifupi Akristu zikwi ziŵiri anafa, dziko lonse. M’chochitika choyamba chankhalwe cha Nkhondo Yamtanda ya Papa Innocent [motsutsana ndi “okana chikhulupiriro” mu France] kuwirikiza nthaŵi khumi kwa chiŵerengero chimenecho cha anthu anaphedwa. . . . Chimamveka chozizwitsa kupeza kuti, pa nthaŵi imodzi, papa anapha Akristu ambirimbiri kuposa Diocletian. . . . [Innocent] analibe mantha ponena za kugwiritsira ntchito dzina la Kristu kuchita chirichonse chimene Kristu anatsutsa.”

¹⁷ De Rosa akudziŵitsa kuti “m’dzina la papa, [opereka zilangowo] anali ndi liŵongo la kupha koipitsitsa ndi ochilikiza pa miyezo yaumunthu m’mbiri yakale ya fuko.” Ponena za wopereka chilango Wachidominic wotchedwa Torquemada mu Spain, iye akunena kuti: “Pokhala atasankhidwa mu 1483, iye analamulira mwankhalwe kwa zaka khumi mphambu zisanu. Minkhole yake inafika m’chiŵerengero cha oposa 114,000 mwa amene 10,220 anatenthedwa.”

18. Kodi ndimotani mmene mlembi wina akuzindikiritsira Chilangocho, ndipo kodi nchifukwa chotani chimene iye akupereka kaamba ka kupitirizidwa kwake kwa zaka zoposa mazana asanu ndi limodzi?

¹⁸ Mlembi ameneyu akumaliza kuti: “Mbiri ya Chilangoyo ingakhale yomvetsa manyazi ku gulu lirilonse; ku tchalitchi cha Katolika, iyo njokhwethemuladi. . . . Chimene mbiri yakale ikusonyeza n’chakuti, kwa zaka zoposa mazana asanu ndi limodzi popanda mpumulo, upapa unali mdani wolapitsidwa wa chilungamo choyambirira. Kwa apapa asanu ndi atatu mu mzere wochokera m’zaka za zana la khumi mphambu zitatu ndi kupitirizabe, palibe ndi mmodzi yense wa iwo yemwe anatsutsa maphunziro a zaumulungu ndi ziwiya za Chilango. Mmalo mwake, mmodzi motsatizana ndi mnzake anawonjezera ntchito zake zankhalwe ku magwiridwe a kachitidwe kakupha kameneka. Chinsinsi n’chakuti: kodi ndimotani mmene apapa anapitirizira m’machitachita a kusakaza okana chikhulupiriro kwa mibadwomibadwo? Kodi ndimotani mmene akanakanira pa nsonga iriyonse Uthenga Wabwino wa Yesu?” Iye akuyankha kuti: “Apapa anasankha kutsutsa Uthenga Wabwino kuposa ‘wosalakwa’ yemwe iwo anamlowa m’malo, popeza kuti kuteroko kukagwetsa upapa weniweniwo.”

19. Kodi ndi zochita zina za kusayeruzika zotani zimene zinaloledwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo ambiri?

¹⁹ Ndiponso kusayeruzika kunali mbali imene atsogoleri achipembedzo anachita m’nthaŵi za ukapolo wachiwawa. Mitundu ya Dziko Lachikristu inaba zikwizikwi za nzika za anthu a mu Africa, kupita nawo kutali ndi maiko awo, ndipo kwa zaka mazanamazana kuwazunza iwo mwakuthupi ndi mwa maganizo monga akapolo. Anali ochepera kwenikweni a gulu la atsogoleri achipembedzo amene anatsutsadi mwamphamvu. Ena a iwo ankanenadi kuti chinali chifuniro cha Mulungu.​—Onani Mateyu 7:12.

Liŵongo la Mwazi m’Zaka za Zana la 20

20. Kodi ndimotani mmene liŵongo lamwazi la munthu wosayeruzika lafikira pachimake m’zaka za zana lino?

²⁰ Liŵongo la mwazi la munthu wosayeruzika linafika pachimake m’zaka za zana lathu. Atsogoleri achipembedzo achilikiza nkhondo zomwe zawononga miyoyo makumi a mamiliyoni, nkhondo zoipitsitsa m’mbiri yonse yakale. Iwo anachilikiza mbali zonse ziŵiri m’nkhondo ziŵiri zadziko, m’zimene anthu a chipembedzo chimodzimodzi, “abale,” anaphana. Mwachitsanzo, m’Nkhondo Yadziko ya II, Akatolika a ku France ndi a ku America anapha Akatolika a ku Germany ndi ku Italy; Aprotestanti a ku Britain ndi America anapha Aprotestanti a ku Germany. Nthaŵi zina, iwo anapha ena ake amene sanali kokha a chipembedzo chimodzimodzi komanso a mtundu umodzi. Nkhondo zadziko ziŵirizo zinaulikira mkati mwa Dziko Lachikristu ndipo sizikadachitika ngati atsogoleri achipembedzo akadalabadira lamulo la kukonda, ndi kuphunzitsa atsatiri awo kuchita zofananazo.

21. Kodi nchiyani chomwe magwero akunja akunena ponena za kudziloŵetsamo kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo m’nkhondo?

²¹ The New York Times inatsimikizira kuti: “M’nthaŵi zakale olamulira a kumaloko a Chikatolika chifupifupi nthaŵi zonse anachilikiza nkhondo za mitundu yawo, kudalitsa magulu ankhondo ndi kupempherera chilakiko, pamene gulu lina la abishopu kumbali ina linapemphera poyera kaamba ka zotulukapo zosiyana. . . . Kuwombana pakati pa mzimu Wachikristu ndi kachitidwe ka nkhondo . . . kuli kowonekeratu mowonjezereka kwa ambiri, pamene zida zikukhala zosakaza mokuliradi.” Ndipo U.S.News & World Report inadziŵitsa kuti: “Kutchuka kwa Chikristu m’dziko kwawonongedwa mowopsya ndi chiwawa chobwerezabwereza chimene mitundu yotchedwa Yachikristu yagwiritsira ntchito.”

22. Kodi atsogoleri achipembedzo alinso ndi liŵongo la chiyani m’nthawi yathu?

²² Ndiponso, pamene kuli kwakuti palibe Chilango chalamulo lerolino, atsogoleri achipembedzo agwiritsira ntchito dzanja la Boma kuzunza “aneneri” ndi “oyera mtima” omwe amasiyana nawo. Iwo akakamiza atsogoleri a ndale zadziko ‘kuchita chiwembu mobisala m’lamulo.’ Mwanjirayi, iwo apangitsa kapena kuvomereza kuletsedwa, kuikidwa m’ndende, kumenyedwa, kuzunzidwa, ndipo ngakhale kuphedwa kwa anthu owopa Mulungu m’zaka za zana lathu.​—Chibvumbulutso 17:6; Salmo 94:20, The New English Bible.

Kuŵerengeredwa Mlandu

23. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Mulungu adzaŵerengera mlandu munthu wosayeruzika?

²³ Zowonadi, m’chipembedzo chonyenga mukupezeka mwazi wa aneneri, ndi oyera mtima, ndi onse omwe aphedwa padziko lapansi. (Chibvumbulutso 18:24) Popeza kuti kukhetsa mwazi koipitsitsa kwawonjezereka m’Dziko Lachikristu, liŵongo la atsogoleri achipembedzo n’lalikulu koposa. Ndi molondola chotani nanga kuti Baibulo likuwatcha iwo “munthu wosayeruzika”! Koma Mawu a Mulungu amanenanso kuti: “Musanyengedwe; Mulungu sanyozeka; pakuti chimene munthu achifesa, chimenenso adzachituta.” (Agalatiya 6:7) Chotero Mulungu adzaŵerengera mlandu atsogoleri achipembedzo osayeruzika.

24. Kodi ndi zochitika zogwedeza dziko zotani zimene ziri pafupi kuchitika?

²⁴ Yesu ananena kuti: “Chokani kwa ine, inu akuchita kusayeruzika.” (Mateyu 7:23) Ndipo analengeza kuti: “Mtengo uliwonse wosapatsa chipatso chokoma, audula, nautaya kumoto.” (Mateyu 7:19) Nthaŵi ikuyandikira mofulumira kaamba ka mapeto amoto a munthu wosayeruzika, limodzi ndi chipembedzo chonyenga chonse, pamene mbali za ndale zadziko zimene achita nazo chigololo zidzawatembenukira: “Izi zidzadana ndi mkazi wachigololoyo, nizidzamkhalitsa wabwinja wausiwa, nizidzadya nyama yake, nizidzampsereza ndi moto.” (Chibvumbulutso 17:16) Popeza kuti zochitika zogwedeza dziko zimenezi ziri pafupi kuchitika, atumiki a Mulungu ayenera kuzidziŵitsa kwa ena. Nkhani yotsatira idzasanthula mmene iwo akhalira akuchita zimenezi.

Mafunso a Kubwereramo:

◻ Kodi munthu wosayeruzika nchiyani, ndipo kodi anayamba motani?

◻ Kodi Akristu owona afunikira kutulutsa zipatso zabwino zotani?

◻ Kodi Babulo Wamkulu ndi ndani, ndipo kodi ali waliŵongo lamwazi motani?

◻ Kodi ndi mbiri yosalemekeza Mulungu yotani imene munthu wosayeruzika wapanga?

◻ Kodi Mulungu adzaŵerengera mlandu motani munthu wosayeruzikayo?

[Chithunzi patsamba 18]

Nkhondo Zamtanda zinatulukapo m’kukhetsa mwazi koipitsitsa m’dzina la Mulungu ndi la Kristu

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

By courtesy of The British Library

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

“Olamulira Achikatolika akumaloko kaŵirikaŵiri achilikiza nkhondo za mitundu yawo”

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

U.S. Army