Ngale Kuchokera mu Uthenga Wabwino wa Yohane

MZIMU wa Yehova unauzira mtumwi wokalamba Yohane kulemba nkhani yochititsa chidwi ya moyo ndi uminisitala za Yesu Kristu. Uthenga Wabwino umenewu unalembedwa mkati kapena pafupi ndi Efeso chifupifupi mu 98 C.E. Koma kodi nkhaniyo iri yamkhalidwe wotani? Ndipo kodi ndi ngale zina zotani zimene zirimo?

Kwakukulukulu Yowonjezera

Yohane anali wosankha, akumabwereza pang’ono zimene Mateyu, Marko, ndi Luka analemba. Ndithudi, nkhani yake yowona ndi maso kwakukulukulu iri yowonjezera mwakuti kuposa pa 90 peresenti yake imakuta nkhani zosatchulidwa m’Mauthenga Abwino enawo. Mwachitsanzo, iye yekha akutiwuza za kukhalako kwa Yesu asanakhale munthu ndi kuti “Mawu anasandulika thupi.” (1:1-14) Pamene alembi ena a Uthenga Wabwino akunena kuti Yesu anayeretsa kachisi kumapeto kwa uminisitala wake, Yohane akunena kuti Kristu anachitanso tero kuchiyambi kwake. (2:13-17) Mtumwi wokalamba yekhayo akutiwuza za zozizwitsa zinazake zochitidwa ndi Yesu, zonga ngati kusintha madzi kukhala vinyo, kuwukitsa Lazaro wakufa, ndi kugwira nsomba kozizwitsa pambuyo pa chiukiriro Chake.​—2:1-11; 11:38-44; 21:4-14.

Alembi a Uthenga Wabwino onse amanena mmene Yesu anayambitsira Chikumbutso cha imfa yake, koma Yohane yekha ndiye akusonyeza kuti Kristu anapatsa atumwi phunziro la kudzichepetsa mwa kusambitsa mapazi awo usiku uja. Ndiponso, Yohane yekha akulemba nkhani zogwira mtima zimene Yesu anapereka ndi pemphero limene anapereka kaamba ka iwo pa nthaŵiyo.​—13:1–17:26.

Mu Uthenga Wabwino umenewu, dzina lakuti Yohane likusonya kwa Mbatizi, mlembi wodzitcha yekha, ‘wophunzira amene Yesu anamkonda.’ (13:23) Mtumwiyo anamkondadi Yesu, ndipo chikondi chathu cha Kristu chimakulitsidwa pamene Yohane akumsonyeza kukhala Mawu, mkate wamoyo, kuunika kwa dziko lapansi, Mbusa Wabwino, njira, chowonadi, ndi moyo. (1:1-3, 14; 6:35; 8:12; 10:11; 14:6) Ichi chimatumikira cholinga cha Yohane chonenedwa kuti: “[Zinthuzi] zalembedwa . . . kuti mukakhulupirire kuti Yesu ndiye Kristu Mwana wa Mulungu, ndi kuti pakukhulupira mukhale nawo moyo m’dzina lake.”​—20:31.

Kudzichepetsa ndi Chisangalalo

Uthenga Wabwino wa Yohane umadziŵikitsa Yesu kukhala Mawu ndi Mwanawankhosa wolipa machimo ndi kusonyeza zozizwitsa zomtsimikizira Iye kukhala “Woyera wa Mulungu.” (1:1–9:41) Pakati pa zinthu zina, nkhaniyo imagogomezera kudzichepetsa ndi chisangalalo cha Yohane Mbatizi. Iye anali kalambula bwalo wa Kristu koma anati: “Sindiyenera kummasulira lamba la nsapato yake.” (1:27) Nsapato zinamangidwa ndi zingwe zachikopa, kapena malamba. Kapolo ankamasula malamba a munthu wina ndi kumtengera, pokhala inali ntchito yotsika. Motero Yohane Mbatizi anasonyeza kudzichepetsa ndi kuzindikira kuchepa kwake poyerekeza ndi Mbuye wake. Liri phunziro labwino chotani nanga, popeza kuti odzichepetsa okha ndiwo oyenerera kutumikira Yehova ndi Mfumu yake Yaumesiya!​—Salmo 138:6; Miyambo 21:4.

M’malo mwakumsuliza Yesu monyada, Yohane Mbatizi anati: “Mnzake wa mkwatiyo, wakuimirira ndi kumvera iye, akondwera kwakukulu chifukwa cha mawu a mkwatiyo; chifukwa chake chimwemwe changa chimene chakwanira.” (3:29) Mofanana ndi woimira wa mkwati, bwenzi la mkwati linapanga makambitsirano a zaukwati, nthaŵi zina kukonza za kutomerana ndi kupereka mphatso kwa mkwatibwi ndi chikole kwa atate ake. Wothandizira ameneyu anali ndi chifukwa chosangalalira pamene ntchito yake inakwaniritsidwa. Mofananamo, Yohane anasangalala m’kubweretsa pamodzi Yesu ndi ziŵalo zoyambirira za mkwatibwi Wake. (Chibvumbulutso 21:2, 9) Monga mmene mautumiki a bwenzi la mkwati anangokhala kwa nthaŵi yochepa, choteronso ntchito ya Yohane mwamsanga inatha. Iye anacheperabe, pamene kuli kwakuti Yesu anakulakulabe.​—Yohane 3:30.

Chifundo cha Yesu kwa Anthu

Pa chitsime pafupi ndi mzinda wa Sukari, Yesu anawuza mkazi Wachisamariya ponena za madzi ophiphiritsira opatsa moyo wamuyaya. Pamene ophunzira ake anafika, ‘anazizwa kuti analinkulankhula ndi mkazi.’ (4:27) Kodi anadabwiranji choncho? Chabwino, Ayuda anasuliza Asamariya ndipo sanayanjane nawo m’chirichonse. (4:9; 8:48) Chinalinso chachilendo kwa mphunzitsi Wachiyuda kulankhula ndi mkazi poyera. Koma chifundo chokoma mtima cha Yesu kwa anthu chinamsonkhezera kupereka umboni umenewu, ndipo chifukwa cha chimenechi, anthu am’mudzimo “analinkudza kwa Iye.”​—4:28-30

Chifundo chake kwa anthu chinasonkhezera Yesu kunena kuti: “Ngati pali munthu akumva ludzu, adze kwa Ine, namwe.” (7:37) Mwachiwonekere, iye mwakutero analozera ku mwambo wowonjezedwa ku phwando la Madyerero a Misasa la masiku asanu ndi atatu. Mmawa uliwonse kwa masiku asanu ndi aŵiri, wansembe anatunga madzi m’thamanda la Siloamu ndi kuwatsanulira pa guwa la kachisi. Pakati pa zinthu zina, ichi chinanenedwa kuimirako kutsanulidwa kwa mzimu. Kuyambira pa Pentekoste wa 33 C.E., mzimu wa Mulungu unasonkhezera atsatiri a Yesu kutengera madzi opatsa moyo kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Munthu angalandire moyo wamuyaya kuchokera kwa Yehova yekha, “kasupe wa madzi amoyo,” kupyolera mwa Kristu.​—Yeremiya 2:13; Yesaya 12:3; Yohane 17:3.

Mbusa Wabwino Amasamalira!

Chifundo cha Yesu kwa anthu nchowonekera mu ntchito yake monga Mbusa Wabwino amene amasamalira atsatiri ake onga nkhosa. Ngakhale pamene imfa yake inayandikira, Yesu anapereka uphungu wachikondi kwa ophunzira ake ndi kuwapempherera. (10:1–17:26) Mosiyana ndi mbala kapena wolanda, iye amaloŵa m’khola la nkhosa mwakudzera pakhomo. (10:1-5) Khola la nkhosa linali chochinga mmene nkhosa zinkasungidwa usiku kuzitetezera ku mbala ndi nyama zolusa. Ilo linali ndi zipupa za miyala, mwinamwake ndi nthambi zaminga pamwamba pake, ndi poloŵera posungidwa ndi wokhala pakhomo.

Nkhosa za abusa angapo zikanasungidwa m’khola limodzimodzi, koma nkhosa zinayankha kokha ku liwu la mbusa wawo. Fred H. Wight akunena m’bukhu lake lakuti Manners and Customs of Bible Lands, kuti: “Pamene kukhala kofunika kupatula magulu angapo ankhosa, mbusa mmodzi pambuyo pa mnzake adzanyamuka ndi kuitana kuti: ‘Tahhoo! Tahhoo!’ kapena kuitana kofanana kumene angafune. Nkhosa zimatukula mitu, ndipo pambuyo pa piringupiringu wachisawawa, zimayamba kutsatira iriyonse mbusa wake. Izo nzozoloŵerana bwino lomwe ndi kumveka kwa liwu la mbusa wawo. Alendo ayesera kaŵirikaŵiri kugwiritsira kaitanidwe kofananako, koma zoyesayesa zawo zakuti nkhosa ziwatsatire nthaŵi zonse zalephera.” Mosangalatsa, Yesu anati: “Nkhosa zanga zimva mawu anga, ndipo ine ndizizindikira, ndipo zinditsata ine. Ndipo ine ndizipatsa moyo wosatha.” (10:27, 28) Ponse paŵiri “kagulu ka nkhosa” ndi “nkhosa zina” zimayankha ku liwu la Yesu, kutsatira chitsogozo chake, ndi kusangalala ndi chisamaliro chake chachikondi.​—Luka 12:32; Yohane 10:16.

Mwana wa Mulungu Wokhulupirika Nthaŵi Zonse

Kristu anali wokhulupirika kwa Mulungu nthaŵi zonse ndipo anali wopereka chitsanzo monga mbusa wachikondi m’moyo wake wonse wa padziko lapansi. Chifundo chake chinawonekeranso m’kuwoneka kwake kwa pambuyo pa chiukiriro. Unali mkhalidwe wachifundo umene panthaŵiyo unasonkhezera Yesu kufulumiza Petro kudyetsa nkhosa Zake.​—18:1–21:25.

Monga mnkhole wa kupachikidwa, Yesu anatikhazikitsira chitsanzo choposa cha kukhulupirika kufikira imfa. Chitonzo china chimene anakhala nacho m’kukwaniritsidwa kwa ulosi chinali chakuti asilikari ‘anadzigaŵira zovala zake.’ (Salmo 22:18) Anachita maere kuti apeze amene akatenga chovala chake chabwino chamkati. (Chigiriki, khi·tonʹ), chosokedwa chopanda msoko. (19:23, 24) Chovala chamkati choterocho chinkalukidwa ndi ubweya kapena nsalu ya chidutswa chimodzi ndipo chinkakhala choyera kapena cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kaŵirikaŵiri chopanda manja, chovalidwa mkati mwenimweni ndipo chinafika m’mawondo kapena ngakhale mu akakolo. Ndithudi, Yesu sanali wokondetsa zakuthupi, koma anavala chovala cha nsalu yamtengo choterocho, chovala chake chamkati chopanda msoko.

Mkati mwa kumodzi kwa kuwoneka kwa Yesu pambuyo pa chiukiriro, iye anapatsa moni ophunzira ake ndi mawu awa: “Mtendere ukhale ndi inu.” (20:19) Pakati pa Ayuda, ameneyu anali moni wofala. (Mateyu 10:12, 13) Kwa ambiri, kugwiritsira ntchito mawu oterewa sikungatanthauze kanthu kwenikweni. Koma sizinali tero kwa Yesu, popeza kuti poyambirira anauza atsatiri ake kuti: “Mtendere ndikusiyirani inu, mtendere wanga ndikupatsani.” (Yohane 14:27) Mtendere umene Yesu anapatsa ophunzira ake unazikidwa pa chikhulupiriro chawo mwa iye monga Mwana wa Mulungu ndipo unatonthoza mitima ndi maganizo awo.

Mofanamo, nafenso tingasangalale ndi “mtendere wa Mulungu.” Lolani kuti tisamalire chisangalalo chosayerekezeka chimenechi chotuluka mu unansi wathithithi ndi Yehova kupyolera mwa Mwana wake wokondedwa.​—Afilipi 4:6, 7.

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.