Mutu 5
Chikhulupiriro Chawo Chinapulumuka Chiyeso Choopsa
1. Kodi ambiri ali ndi maganizo otani pankhani ya kudzipereka kwa Mulungu komanso ku dziko lawo?
KODI muyenera kudzipereka kwa Mulungu kapena ku dziko lanu? Ambiri angayankhe kuti, ‘Ndimalemekeza zonse ziŵiri. Ndimalambira Mulungu mogwirizana ndi ziphunzitso za chipembedzo changa; panthaŵi imodzimodzi, ndimadzipereka mokhulupirika ku dziko langa.’
2. Ndi motani mmene mfumu ya Babulo inalili ponse paŵiri mtsogoleri wa chipembedzo komanso wa ndale zadziko?
2 Kusiyana pakati pa kudzipereka ku chipembedzo ndi kudzipereka ku dziko la munthu kungakhale kosaonekera kwenikweni lerolino, koma m’Babulo wakale, kunali kovuta kwambiri kulekanitsa ziŵirizo. Ndithudi, boma ndi chipembedzo zinali zoloŵana kwambiri moti nthaŵi zina kunali kosatheka kuzilekanitsa. Polofesa Charles F. Pfeiffer analemba kuti: “M’Babulo wakale, mfumu ndiyo inali Mkulu wa Ansembe komanso wolamulira boma. Inkapereka nsembe ndi kutsogolera anthu ake pamoyo wauzimu.”
3. N’chiyani chimasonyeza kuti Nebukadinezara anali wodzipereka kwambiri pakupembedza?
3 Taganizirani Mfumu Nebukadinezara. Dzina lake lenilenilo limatanthauza kuti “Mbuyanga Nebo, Tetezani Woloŵa Ufumu!” Nebo anali mulungu wa Babulo wopereka nzeru ndi wodalitsa ulimi. Nebukadinezara anali munthu wodzipereka kwambiri pakupembedza. Monga taona kale, iye anamanga ndi kukongoletsa akachisi ambiri a milungu ya Babulo ndipo anali wodzipereka makamaka kwa Maduki, amene anakhulupirira kuti ndiye anam’patsa mphamvu pazipambano zake zonse.a Zikuonekanso kuti Nebukadinezara anadalira kwambiri kuwombeza pokonzekera nkhondo zake.—Ezekieli 21:18-23.
4. Fotokozani mzimu wa kupembedza m’Babulo.
4 Ndithudi, mzimu wopembedza unali wosefukira m’Babulo yense. Mzindawo unkanyadira akachisi ake oposa 50, kumene anthu ankalambirako milungu yachimuna ndi yachikazi yambiri yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mulungu wautatu wophatikiza Anu (mulungu wa mlengalenga), Enelili (mulungu wa dziko lapansi, mpweya, ndi mphepo), ndi Ea (mulungu wa madzi). Mulungu wina wautatu anali wophatikiza Sini (mulungu wa mwezi), Shamashi (mulungu wa dzuŵa), ndi Ishitara (mulungu wachikazi wa mphamvu zoberekera). Matsenga, ula, ndi kukhulupirira nyenyezi zinali mbali zazikulu za kulambira kwachibabulo.
5. Kodi mkhalidwe wa chipembedzo m’Babulo unapereka vuto lotani kwa Ayuda andendewo?
5 Kukhala pakati pa anthu olambira milungu yambiri kunali kovuta kwambiri kwa Ayuda andendewo. Zaka mazana ambiri m’mbuyomo, Mose anali atachenjeza Aisrayeli kuti ngati akapandukira Wopereka Malamulo Wamkulu, akakumana ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Mose ananeneratu kuti: “Yehova adzamukitsa inu, ndi mfumu yanu imene mudzadziikira, kwa mtundu wa anthu umene simudziŵa, inu kapena makolo anu; ndipo mudzatumikirako milungu ina ya mitengo ndi miyala.”—Deuteronomo 28:15, 36.
6. N’chifukwa chiyani kukhala m’Babulo kunali kovuta kwambiri makamaka kwa Danieli, Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya?
6 Ayuda tsopano anali mumkhalidwe wovuta kwambiri umenewo. Kukhalabe wokhulupirika kwa Yehova kunali kovuta kwambiri, makamaka kwa Danieli, Hananiya, Misaeli, ndi Azariya. Anyamata achihebri anayi ameneŵa anasankhidwa mwapadera kuti aphunzitsidwe ntchito za boma. (Danieli 1:3-5) Kumbukirani kuti iwo anapatsidwanso mayina achibabulo. Belitsazara, Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego. Mwachionekere cholinga chinali chakuti azoloŵere moyo wawo watsopano.b Amuna ameneŵa pokhala pamalo apamwamba otero, kukana kwawo kulambira milungu ya dzikolo kukanaonekera mosavuta kwa ena ndipo kukanakhala kupandukira boma.
FANO LAGOLIDI LIKUPEREKA CHIOPSEZO
7. (a) Lifotokozeni fano limene Nebukadinezara analiimika. (b) Kodi cholinga cha fanolo chinali chiyani?
7 Malinga ndi umboni umene ulipo, Nebukadinezara anaimika fano lagolidi m’chidikha cha Dura ndi cholinga chofuna kulimbikitsa mgwirizano mu ufumu wake. Fanolo linali lotalika msinkhu mamita 27, ndi lalikulu m’mimbamu mamita pafupifupi 3.c Ena amakhulupirira kuti fanolo linali chipilala chabe, kapena chipilala chosongoka kumwamba. Fanolo liyenera kuti linamangidwa paguwa lalitali kwambiri, ndipo maonekedwe ake anali ngati a munthu, mwinamwake kuimira Nebukadinezara mwini wakeyo kapena mulungu Nebo. Mulimonse mmene zinaliri, fano lalitali limeneli linali chizindikiro cha Ufumu wa Babulo. Pachifukwa chimenecho, linayenera kuonekera kwa onse komanso kulambiridwa.—Danieli 3:1.
8. (a) Ndani anaitanidwa ku mwambo wopatulira fanolo, ndipo onse okhalapo anafunikira kuchitanji? (b) Kodi chilango kwa okana kugwadira fanolo chinali chotani?
8 Choncho, Nebukadinezara anakonza mwambo wopatulira fanolo. Anasonkhanitsa akalonga ake onse, akazembe, ziwanga, oweruza, akulu osunga chuma, mandoda, ankhoswe, ndi olamulira onse a madera. Ndiyeno mneneri wa mfumu anafuula nati: “Akulamulirani inu anthu, mitundu ya anthu a manenedwe osiyana, kuti pakumva inu mawu a lipenga, chitoliro, zeze, sansi, chisakasa, ngoli, ndi zoimbitsa zilizonse, mugwadire ndi kulambira fano lagolidi adaliimika mfumu Nebukadinezara; ndipo aliyense wosagwadira ndi kulambira, adzaponyedwa nthaŵi yomweyo m’kati mwa ng’anjo yotentha yamoto.”—Danieli 3:2-6.
9. Kodi zikuoneka kuti kugwadira fano limene Nebukadinezara analiimika kunatanthauzanji?
9 Ena amakhulupirira kuti Nebukadinezara anakonza mwambo umenewu ndi cholinga chofuna kuumiriza Ayudawo kunyalanyaza kulambira kwawo Yehova. Koma zikuoneka kuti cholinga sichinali chimenecho, chifukwa umboni ukuonetsa kuti omwe anaitanidwa ku chochitikacho ndi akuluakulu a boma okha basi. Choncho, Ayuda okha omwe analipo pachochitikacho ndi aja amene ankatumikira m’maudindo a boma. Pamenepa, zikuoneka kuti kugwada pamaso pa fanolo unali mwambo umene cholinga chake chinali kulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa akuluakulu olamulira. Katswiri wina John F. Walvoord anati: “Kuonetsa nduna za boma koteroko kunali kusonyeza mphamvu ya ufumu wa Nebukadinezara, komanso kutamanda milungu imene iwowo anaiganizira kuti ndiyo inawapatsa mphamvu pazipambano zawo.”
ATUMIKI A YEHOVA AKANA KUGONJA
10. N’chifukwa chiyani kunali kosavuta kwa amene sanali Ayuda kumvera lamulo la Nebukadinezara?
10 Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri anali odzipereka ku milungu ina yambirimbiri yowateteza, ochuluka amene anasonkhana pamaso pa fano la Nebukadinezara sanaone cholakwa chilichonse polambira fanolo. Katswiri wina wa Baibulo anati: “Onse chinali chizoloŵezi chawo kulambira mafano, ndipo kulambira kwawo mulungu mmodzi sikunawaletse kupembedzanso wina.” Iye anapitiriza kuti: “Zinali zogwirizana ndi maganizo ofala a anthu opembedza mafano akuti panali milungu yambiri . . . ndi kuti kunali kololeka kupembedza mulungu wa mtundu wa anthu wina uliwonse kapena wa dziko lina lililonse.”
11. N’chifukwa chiyani Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego anakana kugwadira fanolo?
11 Koma kwa Ayuda inali nkhani yosiyana. Mulungu wawo Yehova anali atawalamula kuti: “Usadzipangire iwe wekha fano losema, kapena chifaniziro chilichonse cha zinthu za m’thambo la kumwamba, kapena za m’dziko lapansi, kapena za m’madzi a pansi pa dziko; usazipembedzere izo, usazitumikire izo; chifukwa ine Yehova Mulungu wako ndili Mulungu wansanje.” (Eksodo 20: 4, 5) Choncho, pamene nyimbo zinayamba ndipo osonkhanawo anagwada pamaso pa fanolo, anyamata atatu achihebri—Sadrake, Mesaki, ndi Abedinego—anaimabe chilili.—Danieli 3:7.
12. Akasidi ena anaimba Ahebri atatuwo mlandu wa chiyani, ndipo anatero chifukwa chiyani?
12 Kukana kwa nduna zachihebri kulambira fanolo kunaputa mkwiyo wa Akasidi ena. Nthaŵi yomweyo, iwo anapita pamaso pa mfumu ndi ‘kuwaneneza Ayudawo.’d Ndipo Akasidiwo sanafune kumva chifukwa chawo ayi. Pofuna kuti Ayudawo alangidwe powaona ngati osakhulupirika ndi opandukira boma, owanenezawo anati: “Alipo Ayuda amene munawaika ayang’anire ntchito ya dera la ku Babulo, Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego, amuna awa, mfumu, sanasamalira inu, satumikira milungu yanu, kapena kulambira fano lagolidi mudaliimikalo.”—Danieli 3: 8-12.
13, 14. Kodi Nebukadinezara anachitanji poona zimene anachita Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego?
13 Ha! Zinali zom’khwethemula m’nkhongono bwanji Nebukadinezara, pakumva kuti Ahebri atatuwo akana kumvera lamulo lake! Zinali zoonekeratu kuti iye analephera kutembenuza Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego kukhala ochirikiza Ufumu wa Babulo okhulupirika. Kodi iye sanawaphunzitse nzeru za Akasidi? Eya, anali atawasintha ngakhale mayina awo! Koma ngati Nebukadinezara anaganiza kuti maphunziro apamwambawo akawaphunzitsa njira yatsopano ya kulambira, kapena ngati anaganiza kuti kuwasintha mayina kukasinthanso umunthu wawo, anagwira fuwa lamoto. Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego sanasunthike m’pang’ono pomwe monga atumiki a Yehova okhulupirika.
14 Zimenezo zinaputa mkwiyo wa mfumu Nebukadinezara. Nthaŵi yomweyo, anaitanitsa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego. Ndipo anawafunsa kuti: “Kodi mutero dala, Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego, kusatumikira milungu yanga, ndi kusalambira fano lagolidi ndinaliimikalo?” Ndithudi, Nebukadinezara analankhula mawu ameneŵa ali wodabwa kwambiri komanso wosatha kumvetsa. Komanso ayenera kukhala atadabwa kuti, ‘N’chiyani makamaka chimene amuna atatu anzeru zawo ngati ameneŵa anganyozere lamulo lachimvekere choncho komanso lokhala ndi chilango choopsa chotero kwa osalimvera?’—Danieli 3:13, 14.
15, 16. Kodi Nebukadinezara anapereka mwayi wotani kwa Ahebri atatuwo?
15 Komabe Nebukadinezara anafuna kuwapatsanso mwayi wina Ahebri atatuwo. Choncho anati: “Mukavomereza tsono, pakumva mawu a lipenga, chitoliro, zeze, sansi, chisakasa, ndi ngoli, ndi zoyimbitsa zilizonse, kugwadira ndi kulambira fano ndinalipanga, chabwino; koma mukapanda kulambira, mudzaponyedwa nthaŵi yomweyi m’kati mwa ng’anjo yotentha yamoto; ndipo mulungu amene adzakulanditsani m’manja mwanga ndani?”—Danieli 3:15.
16 Mwachionekere, phunziro la fano la m’loto (lolembedwa m’Danieli chaputala 2) silinakhomerezeke m’maganizo ndi mumtima mwa Nebukadinezara. Mwinamwake anali ataiŵala kale mawu amene iye mwiniyo analankhula kwa Danieli kuti: “Mulungu wako ndiye Mulungu wa milungu, ndi Mbuye wa mafumu.” (Danieli 2:47) Tsopano Nebukadinezara anaoneka kuti akutokosa Yehova, ponena kuti ngakhale Iyeyo sakanapulumutsa Ahebriwo ku chilango chake.
17. Kodi Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego anayankha chiyani kwa mfumu itawapatsa mwayiwo?
17 Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego sanafunikirenso kuganiza kaŵiri pankhaniyo. Potemetsa nkhwangwa pamwala, anayankha nthaŵi yomweyo nati: “Sikufunika kuti tikuyankheni pa mlandu uwu. Taonani, Mulungu wathu amene tim’tumikira akhoza kutilanditsa m’ng’anjo yotentha yamoto, nadzatilanditsa m’dzanja lanu, mfumu. Koma akapanda kutero, dziŵani, mfumu, kuti sitidzatumikira milungu yanu, kapena kulambira fano lagolidi mudaliimikalo.”—Danieli 3:16-18.
APONYEDWA M’NG’ANJO YAMOTO!
18, 19. Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani Ahebri atatuwo ataponyedwa m’ng’anjo yamoto?
18 Atakwiya, Nebukadinezara analamula anyamata ake kuti asonkheze ng’anjo yamoto kasanu ndi kaŵiri kuti itenthe mopitirira. Ndiyeno anauza “amuna ena amphamvu” kuti amange Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego ndi kuwaponya mu “ng’anjo yotentha moto.” Iwo anatsatira mawu a mfumu, ndipo anaponya Ahebri atatuwo m’moto, atawamanga ali chivalire zovala zawo—mwinamwake kuti apse msanga. Komabe, atumiki a Nebukadinezarawo ndi amene anafa ndi motowo.—Danieli 3:19-22.
19 Komanso panaoneka chinthu china chodabwitsa. Ngakhale kuti Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego anali m’kati mwenimweni mwa ng’anjo yamoto, malaŵi a motowo sanawatenthe m’pang’ono pomwe. Ha! Mmene Nebukadinezara anadabwira mothedwa nzeru! Anawaponya iwo m’moto wolilima, atawamanga zolimba, koma anali amoyobe. Inde, iwo anali kuyendayenda momasuka m’motomo! Komanso Nebukadinezara anaona chodabwitsa chinanso. “Kodi sitinaponya amuna atatu omangidwa m’kati mwa moto?” iye anafunsa nduna zake zachifumu. Iwo anayankha: “Inde mfumu.” Ndiyeno Nebukadinezara anati: “Taonani, ndilikuona amuna anayi omasuka, alikuyenda m’kati mwa moto; ndipo alibe kuphwetekwa, ndi maonekedwe a wachinayi akunga mwana wa milungu.”—Danieli 3:23-25.
20, 21. (a) Kodi Nebukadinezara anaonanji kwa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego pamene anali kutuluka m’ng’anjomo? (b) Kodi Nebukadinezara anakakamizika kuvomereza chiyani?
20 Nebukadinezara anafika pakhomo pa ng’anjo yamotoyo. Ndipo anaitana nati: “Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego, inu atumiki a Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba, tulukani, idzani kuno.” Ahebri atatuwo anatuluka m’motomo. Kunena zoona, onse amene anadzionera okha chozizwitsa chimenechi kuphatikizapo akalonga, akazembe, ziwanga, ndi nduna zapamwamba anadabwa koopsa. Eya, zinali ngati kuti anyamata atatu ameneŵa sanaloŵepo n’komwe m’nganjomo! Ngakhale fungo la moto silinamveke pa iwo, ndi tsitsi la m’mutu mwawo silinawauke n’limodzi lomwe.—Danieli 3:26, 27.
21 Tsopano Mfumu Nebukadinezara anakakamizika kuvomereza kuti Yehova ndi Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba. Iye analengeza kuti: “Alemekezedwe Mulungu wa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego, amene anatuma mthenga wake, napulumutsa atumiki ake om’khulupirira Iye, nasanduliza mawu a ine mfumu, napereka matupi awo kuti asatumikire kapena kulambira mulungu wina yense, koma Mulungu wawowawo.” Ndiyeno mfumuyo inawonjeza chenjezo lamphamvu ili: “Ndilamulira kuti anthu alionse, mtundu uliwonse, ndi amanenedwe alionse, akunenera molakwira Mulungu wa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego, adzadulidwa nthulinthuli, ndi nyumba zawo zidzasanduka dzala; popeza palibe mulungu wina akhoza kulanditsa motero.” Zitatero, Ahebri atatuwo anabwezeretsedwa pamaudindo awo achifumu ndipo ‘anawakuza m’dera la ku Babulo.’—Danieli 3:28-30.
CHIKHULUPIRIRO NDI ZIYESO ZOOPSA LEROLINO
22. Kodi atumiki a Yehova lerolino amakumana ndi mikhalidwe yotani yofanana ndi ija ya Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego?
22 Lerolinonso, alambiri a Yehova amakumana ndi mikhalidwe yofanana ndi ija ya Sadrake, Misake, ndi Abedinego. N’zoona kuti anthu a Mulungu sangatengeredwe kudziko landende m’ganizo lenileni. Komabe, Yesu anati otsatira ake “sakhala a dziko lapansi.” (Yohane 17:14) Iwo ndi “alendo” m’ganizo lakuti satengera miyambo yotsutsana ndi Malemba, maganizo, kapena machitachita a anthu owazinga. Monga analembera mtumwi Paulo, Akristu ayenera ‘kusafanizidwa ndi makhalidwe a pansi pano.’—Aroma 12:2.
23. Kodi Ahebri atatuwo anaonetsa motani kukhala osasunthika, ndipo ndi motani mmene Akristu lerolino angatengere chitsanzo chawo?
23 Ahebri atatuwo anakana kufanizidwa ndi makhalidwe achibabulo. Ngakhale chiphunzitso chokwanira cha nzeru za Akasidi sichinawapandutse iwo. Maganizo awo pankhani ya kulambira sanali ochita kukambirana, ndipo kudzipereka kwawo kunali kwa Yehova. Akristu lerolino ayenera kukhala olimba mofananamo. Sayenera kuchita manyazi pokhala osiyana ndi anthu a dzikoli. Ndithudi, “dziko lapansi lipita, ndi chilakolako chake.” (1 Yohane 2: 17) Choncho kungakhale kupusa ndi kosaphula kanthu kutengera makhalidwe a dongosolo la zinthu lilipoli.
24. Kodi maganizo a Akristu oona n’ngofanana motani ndi Ahebri atatu aja?
24 Akristu ayenera kuchenjera ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kulambira mafano, kuphatikizapo mitundu ina yobisika.e (1 Yohane 5:21) Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego momvera ndi mwaulemu anaimirira pamaso pa fano lagolidi, koma iwo anazindikira kuti kuligwadira kunapitirira pa ulemu. Kunali kulambira, ndipo kutenga nawo mbali kukanaputa mkwiyo wa Yehova. (Deuteronomo 5:8-10) John F. Walvoord analemba kuti: “Zinali zofanana ndi kuchitira mbendera suluti, ngakhale kuti, chifukwa cha kukhulupirika ku chipembedzo komanso ku dziko, kuyenera kuti kunaphatikizaponso kupembedza. Lerolino, Akristu oona amatsutsanso mwamphamvu kulambira mafano.
25. Kodi mwatengapo phunziro lanji pa nkhani ya chochitika chenicheni m’moyo wa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego?
25 Nkhani ya m’Baibulo ya Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego imapereka phunziro lamphamvu kwa onse ofuna kudzipereka kotheratu kwa Yehova. Mwachionekere, mtumwi Paulo anaganizira za Ahebri atatu ameneŵa pamene analankhula za ambiri amene anasonyeza chikhulupiriro, kuphatikizapo aja amene ‘anazima mphamvu ya moto.’ (Ahebri 11:33, 34) Yehova adzadalitsa onsewo amene amatengera chikhulupiriro chonga chimenecho. Ahebri atatu aja anapulumutsidwa m’ng’anjo yamoto, koma ifeyo tiyenera kukhala otsimikiza kuti iye adzaukitsa okhulupirika onse amene anamwalira ali okhulupirika ndipo adzawadalitsa ndi moyo wosatha. Mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, Yehova “asunga moyo wa okondedwa ake; awalanditsa m’manja mwa oipa.”—Salmo 97:10.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a Ena amakhulupirira kuti Maduki, amene amati ndiye anayambitsa Ufumu wa Babulo, amaimira Nimrode amene anthu ankam’lambira. Komabe, zimenezi sitinganene motsimikiza ayi.
b Dzina lakuti “Belitsazara” limatanthauza kuti “Tetezani Moyo wa Mfumu.” “Sadrake” lingatanthauze kuti “Lamulo la Aku,” mulungu wa mwezi wachisumeriya. “Mesaki” kukhala ngati limanena za mulungu wachisumeriya, ndipo “Abedinego” limatanthauza “Mtumiki wa Nego,” kapena Nebo.
c Poona ukulu wake wa fanolo, akatswiri ena a Baibulo amakhulupirira kuti fanolo analipanga ndi mtengo ndiyeno n’kulikuta ndi golidi.
d Liwu lachialamu lotembenuzidwa kuti ‘kuneneza’ limatanthauza ‘kudya nthuli’ za munthu kum’tafuna mwa kum’dyera miseche, titero kunena kwake.
e Mwachitsanzo, Baibulo limagwirizanitsa kususuka komanso chisiriro chonyansa ndi kulambira mafano.—Afilipi 3:18, 19; Akolose 3:5.
KODI MWAZINDIKIRA CHIYANI?
• Kodi Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego anakaniranji kugwadira fano limene Nebukadinezara analiimika?
• Kodi Nebukadinezara anachitanji kwa Ahebri atatuwo chifukwa cha kukana kwawoko?
• Kodi Yehova anawafupa motani Ahebri atatuwo chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo?
• Kodi mwatengapo phunziro lanji mwa kumvetsera nkhaniyi ya chochitika chenicheni m’moyo wa Sadrake, Mesake, ndi Abedinego?
[Chithunzi chachikulu patsamba 68]
[Zithunzi patsamba 70]
1. Nsanja ya pakachisi (zigurati) m’Babulo
2. Kachisi wa Maduki
3. Cholembapo chamkuwa chosonyeza mulungu Maduki (kumanzere) ndi mulungu Nebo (kulamanja) aliyense ataimirira pa zilombo
4. Chizindikiro cha Nebukadinezara, wotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zake zomanga
[Chithunzi chachikulu patsamba 76]
[Chithunzi chachikulu patsamba 78]