1945-1990 ‘Kuzana benshi ku bugororotsi’​—Dan. 12:​3. (Igice ca 3)

Guhangana n’ishirahamwe ryitwa Poro

Igitero ca mbere cahereye mu kigwati kiri hafi ya Koindu ahari umugwi w’abantu biga Bibiliya bakongera bakitaba amakoraniro badahorereza. Cokimwe n’abagabo batari bake b’aba Kisi, abo bantu biga Bibiliya bari mw’ishirahamwe Poro, rino rikaba ryari ishirahamwe rikorera mw’ibanga ryakora ivy’ubupfumu. James Mensah, umumisiyonari yasohotse Ishure rya Gileyadi na we nyene yakoreye muri Sierra Leone, asigura ati: “Igihe abo batohoji ba Bibiliya banka kugira uruhara mu mugenzo ujanye n’ugusenga amadayimoni, umukuru wa Poro yarashavuye. Uwo mukuru be n’abari ku ruhande rwiwe barakubise abo bagabo, barabanyaga ivyabo, baraturira inzu zabo, barababoha bongera babata mw’ishamba ngo bicwe n’inzara. Kizigenza wa Poro yarashigikiye abo banywanyi biwe. Naho abo batohoji ba Bibiliya bagiriwe nabi gutyo, bagumye bashikamye.”

Igihe abavukanyi b’i Koindu babwira ivyo bintu abapolisi, wa mukuru wa Poro, abagenzi biwe be n’umwe kizigenza wabo barafashwe. Barabasambishije bongera barabahambarira bimwe bikomeye, kandi kizigenza wabo yaramaze hafi umwaka yarahagaritswe muri ayo mabanga. Iyo ntsinzi mu bijanye n’amategeko yaramenyekanye cane yongera iratuma abashasha barinduka baratangura kwitaba amakoraniro. Mu nyuma, uwo kizigenza yarahindutse maze arashimishwa n’ukuri. Igihe iteraniro ry’umuzunguruko ryabera mu karere yabamwo, yarahaye indaro abari baryitavye yongera araterera inka nini.

Izindi ndongozi za Poro zaragerageje kugaba ibitero mu bundi buryo, zibigiranye amayeri zikaba ‘zarateguye ivyago zikoresheje ingingo zishinzwe.’ (Zab. 94:20) Abanyapolitike bo muri Poro barashikirije Inama nshingamateka integuro y’itegeko ryabuza igikorwa c’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Charles Chappell avuga ati: “Yamara, umwe kizigenza yaciye atuburanira, arabwira Inama nshingamateka ko yamaze imyaka ibiri yiga natwe. Yavuze yuko ishirahamwe ryacu ritari irya politike namba be n’uko ryigisha abantu kandi ko ryatuma barushiriza kugira ingeso nziza. Yaciye avuga ko yizigiye yuko umusi uri izina azoba umwe muri twebwe. Igihe uwundi mushingamateka na we nyene yari yarize Bibiliya yamushigikira, iyo nteguro y’itegeko yaciye isubizwa inyuma.”

Abavuye muri ayo mashirahamwe akorera mw’ibanga bararwanijwe bimwe bikomeye n’imiryango yabo. Uwitwa Jonathan Sellu, umuyabaga w’i Koindu, ba sekuruza biwe bari abaherezi b’aba juju gushika ku runganwe rugira kane utera uja inyuma. Yariko arategurwa kugira ngo azokore ico gikorwa nyene. Igihe yatangura kwiga Bibiliya, yarahagaritse kuja mu vy’imihamuro be no mu vyo guterekera. Umuryango wiwe waramurwanije bimwe bikomeye, uramukura mw’ishure wongera urareka kuza uramugaburira igihe yaba yagiye ku makoraniro ya gikirisu. Bamushinyagurira ngo: “Imana nikugaburire!” Yamara, Jonathan yagumye ashikamye. Ntiyigeze asonza. Yarize gusoma no kwandika kandi mu nyuma yarabaye umutsimvyi asanzwe. Jonathan yarahimbawe no kubona nyina wiwe yemera ukuri.

Haba iterambere mu tundi turere tw’igihugu

Mu 1960, haba i Bo, Freetown, Kissy, Koindu, Lunsar, Magburaka, Makeni, Moyamba, Port Loko, Waterloo be na kure cane mu buraruko i Kabala, hose hariyo amashengero be n’imigwi. Igitigiri c’abamamaji muri uwo mwaka cavuye ku 182 gishika ku 282. Abatsimvyi badasanzwe benshi bavuye muri Gana no muri Nijeriya baraje gukomeza ayo mashengero yariko arakura.

Abenshi mu bashasha bari abo mu migwi ibiri: Aba Krio, bano bakaba baba i Freetown no mu micungararo yaho, be n’aba Kisi, bano bakaba baba mu ntara y’ubuseruko. Ariko uko inkuru nziza yabandanya gukwiragira, ayandi moko na yo nyene yaratanguye kwakira ukuri. Aho harimwo aba Kuranko, aba Limba be n’aba Temne mu buraruko; aba Mende mu bumanuko; be n’ayandi moko.

Mu 1961, ishengero rya Freetown Est ryareguriye Imana Ingoro y’Ubwami yaryo. Mu nyuma, ishengero rya Koindu ryareguriye Imana Ingoro y’Ubwami y’amatafari ahiye yashobora kujamwo abantu 300 kandi ikaba yarashobora kugirwa Ingoro y’amateraniro. Budakeye na kabiri, abakurambere 40 baritavye Ishure ry’ubusuku bw’Ubwami, rikaba ryabaye ryo rya mbere muri Sierra Leone. Ikindi kintu cabaye muri uwo mwaka udasanzwe ni isekeza ryagenze neza abavukanyi bagize ryo gushikiriza abantu Bibiliya y’isi nshasha.

Biragaragara ko Yehova yariko arahezagira abasavyi biwe. Ku wa 28 Mukakaro 1962, urwego rwitwa International Bible Students Association, urwo rukaba ari urwego rwemewe n’amategeko rukoreshwa n’Ivyabona vya Yehova mu bihugu vyinshi, rwaremewe n’amategeko ya Leta ya Sierra Leone.

Haboneka akaryo ko kwamamaza muri Guinée

Reka ubu naho tuvuge ivyo mu gihugu kibanyi ca Sierra Leone ari co Guinée (icahoze citwa Guinée Français). Imbere yo mu 1958, hari abavukanyi bakeyi bamamaje gatoyi ku bantu bamwebamwe igihe bariko baraca muri ico gihugu, ariko abategetsi b’abakoloni b’Abafaransa bararwanije igikorwa cacu. Ariko rero, mu 1958, akaryo karabonetse igihe Guinée yiyonkora ku butegetsi bw’Abafaransa maze ishinga republika yigenga.

Mu mpera z’uwo mwaka, Manuel Diogo, umuvukanyi yavuga igifaransa yava i Dahomey (ubu ni Bénin) yarenza gatoyi imyaka 30, yaratanguye gukorera ahantu bacukura ubutare bwitwa bauxite buvamwo aluminium mu gisagara ca Fria cari ku bilometero nka 80 mu buraruko bw’umurwa mukuru, Conakry. Kubera ko Manuel yari ashashaye kwamamaza muri ako karere katari bwakorerwemwo, yarandikiye ishami ryo mu Bufaransa asaba ibisohokayandikiro be no gufashwa n’abatsimvyi badasanzwe. Yasozereye iryo kete ryiwe ati: “Nsenga nsaba ko Yehova yohezagira igikorwa kubera ko ng’aha hari abantu benshi bashimishwa.”

Ishami ryo mu Bufaransa ryarandikiye Manuel ikete riremesha maze rimuhimiriza kuguma muri Guinée ikiringo kirekire gishoboka. Ishami ryaratunganije kandi ivy’uko hagira umutsimvyi adasanzwe amugendera kugira amumenyereze mu busuku. Manuel yarakomejwe cane n’iyo ndemesho maze aramamaza n’umwete i Fria gushika apfuye mu 1968.

Igihe umucungezi wa zone Wilfred Gooch yagendera Conakry mu 1960, yasanze hariyo abandi bavukanyi babiri b’Abanyafrika bariko baramamazayo. Umuvukanyi Gooch yasavye ko Guinée yokwitwararikwa n’ishami rya Sierra Leone aho kwitwararikwa n’ibiro vy’ishami vy’Ubufaransa. Iryo hinduka ryabaye ku wa 1 Ntwarante 1961. Haciye ukwezi kumwe, ishengero rya mbere ryo muri Guinée ryarashinzwe i Conakry.

Umuco wo mu vy’impwemu umenera mu kibira

Inkuru nziza yariko kandi irakwiragira mu bumanuko bwa Guinée. Falla Gbondo, umu Kisi yaba muri Liberiya, yarasubiye mu kigwati c’iwabo, i Fodédou, nko ku bilometero 13 mu burengero bwa Guékédou. Yagiye ajanye igitabu kimwe (Du paradis perdu au paradis reconquis). Falla ntiyari azi gusoma, ariko yarashobora gusigurira abantu bo mu bwoko bw’iwabo amashusho yo muri ico gitabu. Yibuka ati: “Ico gitabu caratumye haba ibiyago vyinshi. Abantu bacita ngo ni igitabu ca Eva.”

Falla yarasubiye muri Liberiya. Yarabatijwe maze mu nyuma araba umutsimvyi adasanzwe. Kabiri mu kwezi, yarasubira i Fodédou kwiga n’umugwi w’abantu nka 30. Ntiyatevye kuza arajana na Borbor Seysey, uwundi mutsimvyi adasanzwe w’umu Kisi wo muri Liberiya. Bari kumwe baratanguje uwundi mugwi i Guékédou. Iyo migwi yompi yaracitse amashengero.

Uko aba Kisi benshi baguma baba Ivyabona, abategetsi bo ng’aho barabona inyifato yabo nziza. Ivyabona barakora cane, bari inzirabugunge kandi bararemesha amahoro mu bigwati vyabo. Ku bw’ivyo, igihe abavukanyi basaba uruhusha rwo kwubaka Ingoro y’Ubwami i Fodédou, abategetsi baciye babaha babikunze ikibanza cangana n’amahegitari atatu. Iyo Ngoro y’Ubwami, iyabaye iya mbere muri Guinée, yarangiye kwubakwa mu ntango z’umwaka wa 1964.

Haduka indyane i Conakry

Muri ico gihe nyene, i Conakry haradutse ingorane. Uruhagarara mu vya politike rwaratumye abategetsi bikeka abanyamahanga. Barimye abamisiyonari bane basohotse Ishure rya Gileyadi uruhusha rwo kuba muri ico gihugu kandi baciye birukanwa. Abavukanyi babiri bo muri Gana baragirijwe ibinyoma maze barapfungwa hafi amezi abiri.

Inyuma y’aho abo bavukanyi barekuriwe, umwe muri bo, uwitwa Emmanuel Awusu-Ansah, yaciye ubwo nyene asubira gufatwa maze apfungwa mu buryo buteye agahinda. Ari muri ako gasho k’umwanda, yanditse ati: “Mfise amagara meza mu vy’impwemu, ariko mfise ubushuhe budahera. Naho ari ukwo, ndacashobora kwamamaza. Mu kwezi guheze, namaze amasaha 67 mu murimo wo mu ndimiro, kandi hari abatohoji ba Bibiliya babiri batanguye kumfasha kwamamaza.” Umwe muri izo nyigisho ziwe yaraje mu kuri. Inyuma y’amezi atanu, umuvukanyi Awusu-Ansah yararekuwe aca arirukanwa ajanwa muri Sierra Leone. Umwamamaji umwe gusa ni we yasigaye i Conakry.

Mu 1969, igihe rwa ruhagarara mu vya politike rwagabanuka, hari abatsimvyi badasanzwe baje i Conakry. Babiherewe uruhusha n’abategetsi, barinjiye Ingoro y’Ubwami yariko n’icapa kiyiranga. Budakeye na kabiri abantu nka 30 bashimishijwe baritaba amakoraniro badahorereza.

Kubera ko abo bavukanyi batinya ko bofatwa, mu ntango bamamaza babigiranye ukwiyubara. Ariko uko babona ko ata ngorane, ni ko bagenda barongerereza utwigoro bagira. Mu mwaka wa 1973, iryo shengero ritoyi ryatanze udupapuro tw’inkuru nziza 6.000. Mu nyuma, abo bamamaji baratanguye gutanga ibinyamakuru mu mabiro no mu bibanza bikorerwamwo ubudandaji. Buhorobuhoro, abategetsi be n’abanyagihugu baratanguye gutahura no guha agaciro igikorwa cacu. Ku wa 15 Kigarama 1993, ukwo kwihangana be n’utwigoro tudatezura vyavuyemwo kwemerwa n’amategeko kw’ishirahamwe “Association chrétienne des Témoins de Jéhovah de Guinée.”