Ivyo Yosuwa Yibutse
YEHOVA yavuze ati: “Mose umusavyi wanje yāpfuye; none rero va hasi, ujabukane aba bantu bose urwo ruzi Yorodani, muje mu gihugu mbahaye.” (Yosuwa 1:2) Ese ukuntu cari igikorwa kigoye Yosuwa yari ahawe! Yari amaze nk’imyaka 40 ari umufasha wa Musa. Ico gihe akaba yari abwiwe gusubira mu kibanza ca shebuja maze akarongora abana ba Isirayeli gushika mu Gihugu c’Isezerano, abo na bo bakaba barakunda kugorana.
Igihe Yosuwa yiyumvira ivyari bimuraririye, kumbure ibigeragezo yari amaze guhangana kandi akabitsinda, vyaciye biza mu muzirikanyi ubwo nyene. Ivyo Yosuwa yibutse nta gukeka vyari imfashanyo y’agaciro ntangere kuri we ico gihe, bikaba bishobora kuyiba no ku Bakirisu muri iki gihe.
Kuva Ari Umuja Gushika Abe Intwazangabo
Imyaka myinshi bamaze mu buja ni kimwe mu vyo Yosuwa yibuka. (Kuvayo 1:13, 14; 2:23) Ivyo Yosuwa yaciyemwo muri ico gihe ni ivyo dushobora kwibaza gusa, kubera yuko Bibiliya itabivuga ido n’ido. Yosuwa ashobora kuba yarize kuba umuntu azi kwungunganya neza ibintu igihe yakorera mu Misiri, kandi ashobora kuba yarafashije mu kwungunganya ivy’uguhunga kw’Abaheburayo be n’“igugu ry’ikivange c’abanyamahanga” bavuye muri ico gihugu.—Kuvayo 12:38.
Yosuwa yari uwo mu muryango w’Abefurayimu. Sekuru wiwe Elishama ni we yari umukuru w’uwo muryango kandi biboneka yuko yarongora ingabo 108.100 zo mu muryango umwe muri ya miryango itatu yari yaratowe muri Isirayeli. (Guharūra 1:4, 10, 16; 2:18-24; 1 Ngoma 7:20, 26, 27) Yamara rero, igihe Abamaleki batera Isirayeli inyuma gatoyi y’aho iviriye mu Misiri, Musa yasavye Yosuwa ngo yungunganye ivyo kubarwanya. (Kuvayo 17:8, 9a) Ni kubera iki yabisavye Yosuwa, ntabisabe nk’akarorero sekuru wiwe canke se? Iciyumviro kimwe ni iki:
“Kubera yari umukuru w’umuryango ukomeye w’Abefurayimu, akaba yari n’umuntu azwi neza kubera ubuhanga afise mu vyo kwungunganya ibintu, akaba yari n’umuntu yizigirwa rwose n’abantu, Musa yabonye ko [Yosuwa] ari we ndongozi ishoboye gucagura no gutondeka abarwana.”
Igihe Yosuwa yatorwa, yakoze nk’uko nyene Musa yamutegetse, ataravye imvo yabitumye. Naho Isirayeli itari imenyereye na gato ibijanye n’intambara, Yosuwa yari azi adakekeranya ko Imana yomufashije. Ni co gituma igihe Musa yamubwira ngo “ejo nzohagarara ku mpinga y’umusozi, nitwaje ya nkoni y’Imana,” vyari bihagije kugira ngo ajijure Yosuwa. Yosuwa ategerezwa kuba yaributse yuko Yehova yaherengeteje inteko za gisirikare zikomeye kuruta izindi zose zo muri ico gihe. Umusi ukurikira, igihe Musa yamanika amaboko akayagumiza hejuru gushitsa izuba rirenze, nta mwansi n’umwe yashoboye kwihanga Abisirayeli, gutyo Abamaleki baraneshwa. Yehova yaciye ategeka Musa kuvyandika mu gitabu no ‘kwumvisha Yosuwa’ ivyo yavumereye ati: “Nzozimanganya ukumenyekana kw’Abamaleki, bībagirane mu bo musi y’ijuru bose.” (Kuvayo 17:9b-14) Emwe, Yehova ntiyonaniwe no gushitsa urwo rubanza.
Ari Umufasha wa Musa
Ibintu vyabaye bijanye n’Abamaleki bitegerezwa kuba vyatumye ubucuti bwari hagati ya Yosuwa na Musa burushiriza kuba ubwa somambike. Yosuwa yari afise agateka ko kuba umusuku canke “umufasha” wa Musa, “uhereye mu busore bgiwe” gushika aho Musa apfiriye, kikaba cari ikiringo c’imyaka nka 40.—Guharūra 11:28.
Ico gikorwa casobanura kugira uduteka n’amabanga. Nk’akarorero, igihe Musa, Aroni, abahungu ba Aroni n’abakuru 70 b’Abisirayeli baduga ku Musozi Sinayi bakerekwa ubuninahazwa bwa Yehova, Yosuwa ashobora kuba yari muri bo. Mu ruhara yarangura rwo kuba umufasha, yaraherekeje Musa hejuru cane ku musozi, kandi biboneka ko yagumye kure igihe Musa yinjira mu gicu kigereranya ukuhaba kwa Yehova. Igitangaje, bisa n’uko Yosuwa yagumye kuri uwo musozi imisi 40 n’amajoro 40. Yararindiriye adahemuka ko shebuja agaruka, kubera yuko igihe Musa yatangura kumanuka azanye vya bisate birikw’Ibishinga intahe, Yosuwa ni ho yari ari amutegereye.—Kuvayo 24:1, 2, 9-18; 32:15-17.
Inyuma ya ca kintu caba, Abisirayeli bagasenga ikigirwamana c’inyana y’izahabu, Yosuwa yabandanije gufasha Musa kw’ihema ry’ibonaniro inyuma y’ikambi. Ng’aho Yehova yarivuganiye na Musa. Mugabo igihe Musa yasubira kw’ikambi, Yosuwa “ntiyav[uye] kur’iryo hema.” Kumbure, vyasaba ko aba ariho ari kugira ngo abuze Abisirayeli kwinjira muri iryo hema bagihumanye. Ese ukuntu Yosuwa yafatanye uburemere iryo banga!—Kuvayo 33:7, 11.
Ubugenzi Yosuwa yagiranye na Musa, uwamusumvya imyaka 35 y’amavuka nk’uko umutohozakahise Josèphe abivuga, butegerezwa kuba bwarakomeje cane ukwizera kwa Yosuwa. Ubucuti bari bafitaniye bwiswe “ugushikirana hagati y’umuntu ahumuye n’uwukiri muto, hagati y’umwigisha n’umunyeshure,” ubwatumye Yosuwa acika “umugabo ashikamye, umugabo w’umwizigirwa.” Ntidufise abahanuzi bameze nka Musa muri twebwe muri iki gihe, mugabo amashengero y’abasavyi ba Yehova arimwo koko abageze mu zabukuru usanga ari isoko nyakuri ry’inkomezi n’indemesho, kubera ko bazi utuntu n’utundi bakongera bakagira kamere y’ivy’impwemu. Woba ubaha agaciro? Kandi woba uriko urungukira ku kwifatanya na bo?
Umutasi i Kanani
Ikintu gihambaye mu buzima bwa Yosuwa, cabaye inyuma gatoyi y’aho Abisirayeli baronkeye Ivyagezwe. Yaratowe kugira ngo aserukire umuryango wabo mu kuja gutata Igihugu c’Isezerano. Iyo nkuru irazwi neza. Abatasi bose uko bari 12 baremeye yuko ico gihugu mu vy’ukuri cari igihugu “gitemba amata n’ubūki,” nk’uko Yehova yari yarabisezeranye. Ariko rero, cumi baratinye mu buryo buranga ukubura ukwizera yuko Abisirayeli batoshoboye kwirukana abantu baba muri ico gihugu. Yosuwa na Kalebu ni bo bonyene binginze abantu ngo ntibagararize babitumwe n’ubwoba, kubera Yehova yobaye koko ari kumwe na bo. Bavuze ivyo, ishengero ryose ryaravyiyamirije, maze rivuga yuko abo uko ari babiri babicisha amabuye. Kumbure bari gushobora kubigira iyo Yehova adaca yerekana ubuninahazwa bwiwe. Bivuye ku kubura ukwizera, Imana yavumereye yuko ata n’umwe muri abo basansumwe mu Bisirayeli afise imyaka 20 no kuduga yokwinjiye mu gihugu c’i Kanani. Muri abo bose, Yosuwa na Kalebu bonyene be n’Abalewi ni bo barokotse.—Guharūra 13:1-16, 25-29; 14:6-10, 26-30.
Abantu bose none ntibari barabonye ibikorwa vy’ububasha Yehova yakoreye mu Misiri? Ni igiki none catumye Yosuwa yizera ko Imana yobafashije mu gihe abandi benshi bakekeranya? Yosuwa ategerezwa kuba yagumye yibuka neza ibintu vyose Yehova yari yarasezeranye be n’ivyo yari yarakoze, maze arabizirikanako. Haciye imyaka itari mike yarashoboye kuvuga yuko ‘ata kintu na kimwe mu vyiza vyose Yehova yasezeraniye Abisirayeli kitashitse; vyose vyarasohoye.’ (Yosuwa 23:14) Gutyo, Yosuwa yarizera yuko ibintu vyose Yehova yari yarasezeranye ku vyerekeye kazoza vyorangutse ata kabuza. (Abaheburayo 11:6) Ivyo bikwiye gutuma umuntu yibaza ati: ‘Bite ho kubinyerekeye? Akigoro mpebera ukwiyigisha no kuzirikana ku mihango ya Yehova koba kanjijura yuko iyo mihango ari iyo kwizigirwa? Noba nemera yuko Imana ishobora kuzonkingira kumwe n’abasavyi bayo mu gihe ca ya marushwa ahambaye yegereje?’
Yosuwa ntiyagaragaje ukwizera gusa ariko kandi yaragaragaje uburindutsi bwo gukora ibigororotse. We na Kalebu gusa ni bo bagiye ku ruhande rwa Yehova, ishengero ryose na ryo rivuga ko bicishwa amabuye. Wari kwumva umerewe gute? Woba wari kwumva ugize ubwoba? Yosuwa nta bwo yagize. We na Kalebu baravuze bashikamye ivyo bemera. Umusi umwe, ukudahemukira Yehova gushobora gusaba yuko tugira nk’uko bagize.
Iyo nkuru y’abatasi iratumenyesha kandi yuko izina rya Yosuwa ryahinduwe. Kw’izina rya Yosuwa ryo mu ntango, ari ryo Hosheya, risobanura “Ubukiriro,” Musa yaryongeyeko indome zerekana izina ry’Imana maze amwita Yehosuwa, canke Yosuwa, ni ukuvuga “Yehova Ni Ubukiriro.” Ya mpinduro yitwa Septante izina rya Yosuwa irihindura “Yezu.” (Guharūra 13:8, 16.) Mu buryo buhuje n’iryo zina rihambaye, Yosuwa yaravuze ashize amanga yuko Yehova ari ubukiriro. Uguhindura izina rya Yosuwa ntibishobora kuba vyagizwe giturumbuka. Nya zina ryagaragaje ukuntu Musa yaha agaciro kamere ya Yosuwa be n’uko ryari rihuje n’uruhara ruhambaye Yosuwa yoranguye mu kurongora iyaruka rishasha mu Gihugu c’Isezerano.
Igihe ba se bapfa ikivunga, Abisirayeli bayerereye mu bugaragwa imyaka 40 bari mu muruho. Nta na kimwe tuzi ku kuntu ivya Yosuwa vyari vyifashe muri ico gihe. Ariko rero, bitegerezwa kuba vyaramwigishije vyinshi. Ashobora kuba yariboneye urubanza Imana yaciriye ba bagarariji Kora, Datani na Abiramu be n’abayoboke babo hamwe n’abagiye mu vyo gusenga Bayali y’i Peyori kwononekaye. Nta nkeka ko Yosuwa yatewe umubabaro mwinshi no kumenya yuko Musa na we nyene atokwinjiye muri ca gihugu c’isezerano kubera yananiwe kuninahaza Yehova mu bijanye na ya mazi y’i Meriba.—Guharūra 16:1-50; 20:9-13; 25:1-9.
Agenwa Kuba Umusubirizi wa Musa
Igihe Musa yari yegereje gupfa, yasavye Imana kugena umusubirizi wiwe kugira ngo Abisirayeli ntibahave bacika “nk’intama zitagira umwungere.” Yehova yavyakiriye gute? Yosuwa, “umuntu arimwo [im]pwemu” ni we yari gushingwa iryo banga ishengero ryose rikoranye. Bategerezwa kumwumvira. Mbega irata! Yehova yari yarabonye ukwizera be n’ububangukirwe Yosuwa yari afise. Nta wundi muntu abishoboye yari gushobora gushingwa ivy’ukurongora Isirayeli. (Guharūra 27:15-20) Naho biri ukwo, Musa yari azi yuko Yosuwa yahanganye n’ingorane nyinshi. Ku bw’ivyo, Musa yahimirije umusubirizi wiwe ‘gushikama no gushira amanga,’ kubera ko Yehova yobandanije kuba kumwe na we.—Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 31:7, 8.
Imana ubwayo yarasubiriyemwo Yosuwa iyo ndemesho nyene, maze yongerako iti: “Witondere ivy’ivyagezwe vyose bivuga, ubishitse, ivyo Mose umusavyi wanje yakugeze; ntuz’utambamire i buryo cank’i bumoso, kugira ng’ugire ukuboko kwiza ah’uja hose. Ibiri mur’ico gitabo c’ivyagezwe ntuz’ubikūre mu kanwa kawe; arik’uze wame ubirīmbūra ku murango no mw ijoro, kugira ng’ubone kwitondera ivyanditswemwo vyose; ni ho ivyawe bizogenda neza, ukagira amahirwe. None si jewe nkwibaririye, nti Shikama, ushire amanga? Nuko ntutinye, nturanduke umutima, kuko jewe Uhoraho Imana yawe ndi kumwe nawe ah’uzoja hose.”—Yosuwa 1:7-9.
Uravye amajambo ya Yehova Yosuwa yiyumviye n’amatwi yiwe be n’ubumenyi yari yaramaze kwirundaniriza, wumva yokekeranije gute? Ukunesha ico gihugu kwari ntakekeranywa. Ego ni ko ingorane zovyutse, iyitari yoroshe ikaba yari imwe ya mbere y’ukujabuka Uruzi Yorodani rwuzuye. Ariko rero, Yehova ubwiwe yari yamutegetse ati: “Va hasi, ujabukane aba bantu bose urwo ruzi Yorodani.” Wumva none hari ingorane yari kuhaba?—Yosuwa 1:2.
Ibintu vy’urukurikirane vyagiye birashika mu buzima bwa Yosuwa, nk’ukunesha Yeriko, ukubandanya atsinda abansi babo be n’ukugabangana igihugu, bihishura yuko atigeze yibagira imihango y’Imana. Ari hafi gusozera imisi yiwe yo kubaho, igihe Yehova yari amaze gutuma Isirayeli iruhuka abansi bayo, Yosuwa yarakoranije abantu kugira ngo basubire kwihweza ivyo Imana yabagiriye yongere abahimirize kuyikorera n’umutima wabo wose. Ico vyavuyemwo, Isirayeli yaravyukirije isezerano rikomeye yari yaragiranye na Yehova, maze kumbure basunitswe n’akarorero k’indongozi yabo, ‘Abisirayeli bāgumye k’Uhoraho igihe Yosuwa yari akiriho.’—Yosuwa 24:16, 31.
Yosuwa araduha akarorero ntangere. Abakirisu muri iki gihe barahangana n’ibintu vyinshi bigerageza ukwizera. Guhangana na vyo bakererwa birahambaye kugira ngo bagume bemewe na Yehova maze amaherezo bazoragwe imihango yasezeranye. Ukwererwa Yosuwa yagize kwavuye ku kwizera gukomeye yari afise. Ego ni ko, ntiturabona ibikorwa vy’ububasha vy’Imana nk’uko Yosuwa yabibonye, mugabo igihe hari umuntu yogira amakenga, igitabu ca Bibiliya citirirwa izina rya Yosuwa kirashinga intahe y’ivyo yiboneye vyerekana ko Ijambo rya Yehova ari iryo kwizigirwa. Nka kumwe kwa Yosuwa, na twebwe turakurwa amazinda yuko tuzoronka ubukerebutsi kandi tukererwa turamutse dusomye Ijambo ry’Imana ku musi ku musi kandi tukitwararika kurishira mu ngiro.
Woba rimwe na rimwe ubabazwa n’ukuntu Abakirisu bagenzawe bigenza? Niwiyumvire ukwihangana Yosuwa yagize mu myaka 40, igihe yategerezwa kuyerera mu bugaragwa ari kumwe na bagenziwe b’intizera kandi ata kosa na rimwe ubwiwe yari yarakoze. Woba ubona ko bigoye kurwanirira ivyo wizera? Niwibuke ivyo Yosuwa na Kalebu bakoze. Kubera ukwizera be n’ukugamburuka bagaragaje, bararonse impera nziza cane. Vyemere, Yosuwa yari yizeye vy’ukuri yuko Yehova yoranguye ivyo yasezeranye vyose. Ese vyoba nk’uko nyene no kuri twebwe.—Yosuwa 23:14.
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Ubugenzi Yosuwa yagiranye na Musa bwarakomje ukwizera kwiwe
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Yosuwa na Kalebu bari bizigiye badakekeranya ububasha bwa Yehova
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Uburongozi bwa Yosuwa bwatumye abantu bumira kuri Yehova