Mariko yari ‘kirumara ku bw’ubusuku’

MW’ISHENGERO ry’i Antiyokiya hari harabaye ingorane, ariko ukutumvikana kwabaye hagati y’intumwa Paulo na Barunaba kwokwo, kwari gutandukanye n’izo ngorane. Abo bagabo bariko barategura kugira urugendo rw’ubumisiyonari. Ariko rero hageze guhitamwo uwojana na bo muri urwo rugendo, harabaye “uguhazuka gukaze” hagati yabo. (Ibik. 15:39) Baciye batandukana, umwe wese ajana inzira yiwe. Ukwo guhazuka kwari kwerekeye umumisiyonari agira gatatu, ari we Mariko.

None Mariko yari nde? Ni igiki catumye izo ntumwa zibiri ziharira ku bimwerekeye? Ni kubera iki bagize ivyiyumviro bikaze gutyo? Boba barahinduye ivyo vyiyumviro? Kandi ni igiki ushobora kwigira ku nkuru ivuga ivyerekeye Mariko?

Iwabo i Yeruzalemu

Mariko, uwo biboneka ko yava mu muryango w’Abayuda wifise, yakuriye i Yeruzalemu. Aho tumenyera ivyiwe ari bwo bwa mbere ni mu nkuru ivuga ibijanye n’ishengero rya gikirisu ryo mu ntango. Nko mu 44 G.C., igihe umumarayika wa Yehova yabohoza intumwa Petero ku gitangaro amukuye mw’ibohero rya Herode Agiripa wa mbere, Petero yaciye afata inzira aja “ku nzu kwa Mariya nyina wa Yohani batazira Mariko, aho abatari bake bari bakoraniye hamwe bongera basenga.”​—Ibik. 12:1-12.a

Bisa n’uko ico gihe ishengero ry’i Yeruzalemu ryakoresha inzu ya nyina wa Mariko ku bw’amakoraniro. Kuba muri iyo nzu hakoranira “abatari bake” vyerekana yuko iyo nzu yari yagutse. Mariya yari afise umusukukazi yitwa Roda, akaba ari we yaje kwugurura igihe Petero yadodora “ku muryango w’irembo.” Ayo makuru y’ido n’ido arerekana yuko Mariya yari umugore yifise. Vyongeye, iyo nzu yitirirwa we aho kwitirirwa umugabo wiwe, bikaba rero bishoboka ko yari umupfakazi kandi ko Mariko yari akiri muto.​—Ibik. 12:13.

Mariko ashobora kuba yari mu bari bakoraniye hamwe kugira ngo basenge. Ategerezwa kuba yari azinanyi neza n’abigishwa ba Yezu be n’abandi bantu bari bariboneye ivyo Yezu yaranguye mu gihe c’ubusuku bwiwe. Nkako, bishoboka ko Mariko ari wa musore vyasa n’uko atari yikwije mu kwambara, uwagerageje gukurikira Yezu igihe yafatwa ubwa mbere, mugabo igihe bagerageza gufata uwo musore akaba yaciye ahunga.​—Mrk. 14:51, 52.

Uduteka yatewe mw’ishengero

Kuba Mariko yarifatanya n’abakirisu bahumuye nta gukeka yuko vyamugizeko akosho keza. Yarateye imbere mu vy’impwemu bituma abavukanyi bari bafise amabanga bamushima. Nko mu 46 G.C., igihe Paulo na Barunaba batanga “imfashanyo yo gutabara” yari ivuye i Antiyokiya ija i Yeruzalemu kugira ngo ifashe kugabanya inzara, ni ho bashima Mariko. Igihe Paulo na Barunaba basubira i Antiyokiya, bagiye bajanye na Mariko.​—Ibik. 11:27-30; 12:25.

Umuntu asomye iyo nkuru acishako yoshobora kwiyumvira yuko abo bantu batatu ata bucuti budasanzwe bari bafitaniye, uretse gusa ko bari abavukanyi bo mu buryo bw’impwemu, be n’uko Paulo na Barunaba batoye Mariko kubera gusa ububangukirwe bwiwe. Ariko rero, rimwe mu makete Paulo yanditse rirerekana yuko Mariko yari incuti ya Barunaba. (Kol. 4:10) Ivyo vyoshobora kudufasha gutahura ibindi bintu vyabaye mu nyuma, ivyo Mariko yagizemwo uruhara.

Haciye umwaka umwe canke urenga, impwemu nyeranda yarahaye ubuyobozi Paulo na Barunaba bwo gutangura urugendo rw’ubumisiyonari. Baciye bava i Antiyokiya baja i Shipure. Yohani Mariko yarajanye na bo “bwa mufasha.” (Ibik. 13:2-5) Kumbure Mariko yari kwitwararika ivyari bikenewe mu gihe c’urwo rugendo kugira ngo izo ntumwa zishobore kwitunira ku bintu vy’impwemu.

Paulo na Barunaba na Mariko, baciye i Shipure bagenda baramamaza, hanyuma berekeza muri Aziya Ntoya. Aho ni ho Yohani Mariko yafatiye ingingo yababaje Paulo. Iyo nkuru ivuga yuko igihe uwo mugwi washika i Peruga, ‘Yohani yabasizeyo akisubirira i Yeruzalemu.’ (Ibik. 13:13) Icatumye afata iyo ngingo ntikivugwa.

Haciye imyaka nk’ingahe, Paulo na Barunaba na Mariko baragarutse i Antiyokiya. Izo ntumwa zibiri zariko ziraganira ibijanye n’urugendo rugira kabiri rw’ubumisiyonari kugira ngo zije gukomeza ivyari vyararanguwe mu rugendo rwa mbere. Barunaba yashaka yuko bajana n’incuti yiwe Mariko, ariko Paulo we ntiyashaka no kuvyumva kubera yuko yari yarabataye. Iyo ni yo yabaye intandaro ya kwa guhazuka kwavugwa mu ntangamarara. Barunaba yaciye ahitana Mariko baja gukorera i Shipure aho yamuka, mu gihe Paulo we yaciye yerekeza i Siriya. (Ibik. 15:36-41) Biragaragara yuko Paulo na Barunaba batabona kumwe ingingo Mariko yari yafashe imbere y’aho.

Basubiza hamwe

Nta gukeka ko Mariko yababajwe n’ivyo bintu vyabaye. Yamara, yagumye ari umusuku w’umwizigirwa. Haciye nk’imyaka 11 canke 12 inyuma y’aho habereye ivyo bintu hagati yiwe na Paulo, Mariko arasubira kuvugwa mu nkuru yerekeye ishengero rya gikirisu ryo mu ntango. Uti none avugwa hehe? Emwe, avugwa ahantu kumbure utokwitega ko yovugwa, kandi akavugwa ari kumwe na Paulo!

Mu 60-61 G.C., igihe Paulo yari mw’ibohero i Roma, yararungitse amakete atari make, ubu ayo makete akaba ari mu bigize Ivyanditswe Vyeranda. Mw’ikete rimwe yarungikiye Abakolosayi, yanditse ati: “Arisitariko imbohe mugenzanje arabaramutsa, na Mariko nyene incuti ya Barunaba (uwo mwategetswe guha ikaze aramutse aje iwanyu) . . . Abo gusa ni bo bakozi bagenzanje ku bw’ubwami bw’Imana, kandi abo nyene bacitse imfashanyo ikomeza kuri jewe.”​—Kol. 4:10, 11.

Emwe, ibintu vyari vyahindutse pe! Mariko, uwari yatumye Paulo ashavura cane, yari yasubiriye kuba umukozi w’agaciro akorana na Paulo. Biboneka ko Paulo yari yaramenyesheje Abakolosayi ko Mariko hari aho yari kubagendera. Aramutse abagendeye, Mariko yobaye aserukiye Paulo.

Ubwo Paulo ntiyarengeje urugero mu kunegura Mariko mu myaka y’imbere y’aho? Mariko yoba yarungukiye ku gutozwa indero yari akeneye? Canke kumbure ivyo bintu vyabaye vyompi? Ivyo ari vyo vyose, kuba barasubije hamwe vyerekana yuko Paulo na Mariko bompi bari abahumure. Baribagiye ivyabaye, hanyuma basubira gukorana bunze ubumwe. Ese ukuntu ako ari akarorero keza ku muntu wese yoba yaragize ivyo adahurizako n’umukirisu mugenziwe!

Mariko yari ingenzi

Uko usoma ibijanye n’ingendo zitandukanye Mariko yagize, urabona yuko yagenze amahanga. Yavuye i Yeruzalemu, aja i Antiyokiya, hanyuma ava ng’aho afata ubwato aja i Shipure n’i Peruga. Mu nyuma yaragiye i Roma. Ari ng’aho, Paulo yaripfuje kumurungika i Kolosayi. Kandi ntibigarukira aho!

Intumwa Petero yanditse ikete ryiwe rya mbere nko mu 62 gushika mu 64 G.C. Yanditse ati: “Umwe ari i Babiloni . . . arabaramutsa, na Mariko umuhungu wanje arabaramutsa.” (1 Pet. 5:13) Mariko rero yaragiye n’i Babiloni gukorana n’iyo ntumwa, iyahora yitaba amakoraniro ya gikirisu yabera mu nzu ya nyina wa Mariko imyaka nk’ingahe imbere y’aho.

Igihe Paulo yandika ikete atumako Timoteyo i Efeso, aho hakaba hari igihe Paulo yari apfunzwe ubugira kabiri i Roma nko mu 65 G.C., Paulo yongeyeko ati: “Hitana Mariko muzanane.” (2 Tim. 4:11) Ku bw’ivyo rero, ico gihe Mariko yari i Efeso. None wumva twokekeranya yuko atitavye akamo yari yatewe na Paulo ko gusubira i Roma ari kumwe na Timoteyo? Naho ico gihe wasanga kugira ingendo bitari vyoroshe, Mariko yaragize izo ngendo abigiranye umutima ukunze.

Akandi gateka gahambaye

Agateka kamwe gahambaye Mariko yatewe ni ako kuba yarahumekewe na Yehova ngo yandike imwe mu Njili. Naho ata na hamwe Injili igira kabiri ivuga izina ry’uwayanditse, inkuru mpererekanwa za kera zivuga ko Mariko ari we yayanditse, zikerekana kandi yuko amakuru yanditse yayakuye kuri Petero. Nkako, ibintu nka vyose Mariko yanditse Petero yaravyiboneye.

Abihweza utuntu n’utundi ku vyerekeye Injili ya Mariko babona yuko yayandikiye Abanyamahanga; yaratanze insobanuro ngirakimazi ku bijanye n’imigenzo y’Abayuda. (Mrk. 7:3; 14:12; 15:42) Mariko arahindura imvugo z’igiharameya bisa n’uko abatari Abayuda batoshoboye gutahura iyo atabigenza gutyo. (Mrk. 3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34; 15:22, 34) Arakoresha imvugo z’ikilatini, akanakoresha amajambo y’ikilatini mu gusigura amajambo y’ikigiriki yari asanzwe amenyerewe. Ivyo vyose bisa n’ibihuza n’inkuru mpererekanwa yo kuva kera ivuga yuko Mariko yandikiye Injili yiwe i Roma.

“Ambera kirumara ku bw’ubusuku”

Kwandika Injili yiwe si co kintu gusa Mariko yakoreye i Roma. Niwibuke ivyo Paulo yabwiye Timoteyo, ati: “Hitana Mariko muzanane.” Paulo ivyo yabitumwe n’iki? Avuga ati: “Kuko ambera kirumara ku bw’ubusuku.”​—2 Tim. 4:11.

Iyo nkuru ivuga ivya Mariko, ikaba ari na yo nkuru ya nyuma iri mu Vyanditswe ivuga ivyiwe, irahishura ibintu bitari bike ku bimwerekeye. Ku vyerekeye imirimo ya gitewokarasi, nta na hamwe havuga ko Mariko yari intumwa, indongozi canke umuhanuzi. Yari umusuku, ni ukuvuga umuntu yasukurira abandi. Kandi ico gihe, gatoyi imbere y’uko Paulo apfa, nta gukeka yuko iyo ntumwa yungukiye ku gusahirizwa na Mariko.

Dushize hamwe ayo makuru atandukanye dufise kuri Mariko, duca tubona ko yari umuntu w’umunyamwete mu gushigikira inkuru nziza mu turere dutandukanye tw’isi, umuntu yahimbarwa no gusukurira abandi. Mu vy’ukuri, ese ukuntu Mariko yatewe uduteka twiza kubera yuko atatanye n’akabando!

Cokimwe na Mariko, twebwe abasavyi b’Imana muri kino gihe turafise umwiyemezo nk’uwo nyene wo kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami. Nk’uko vyagenze kuri Mariko, bamwe muri twebwe barashobora kwimukira mu tundi turere, eka mbere no mu bindi bihugu, kugira ngo bashigikire inkuru nziza bari aho hantu. Naho abenshi muri twebwe bitobashobokera ko bimuka muri ubwo buryo, twese turashobora kwigana Mariko mu bundi buryo buhambaye. Nka kurya nyene Mariko yagize utwigoro two gusukurira abavukanyi biwe bakirisu, ni ko na twebwe dufise umutima ukunze wo kugira akigoro ko gufasha mu buryo ngirakamaro abo dusangiye ukwizera kugira ngo bashitse ivyo bajejwe mu murimo w’Imana. Tubigenjeje gutyo, turashobora kwizigira tudakeka yuko tuzobandanya kuronka imihezagiro ya Yehova.​—Imig. 3:27; 10:22; Gal. 6:2.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Ikarata ku rup. 8, 9]

Bimwe mu bisagara Mariko yagiyemwo

Roma

Efeso

Kolosayi

Peruga

Shipure

Yeruzalemu

Antiyokiya (h’i Siriya)

Babiloni

IKIYAGA MEDITERANE