Ibitabo byakoreshejwe mu Gatabo k’Iteraniro ry’Umurimo
1-7 UKWAKIRA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | YOHANA 9-10
“Yesu yita ku ntama ze”
nwtsty, ifoto
Urugo rw’intama
Urugo rw’intama rwabaga ari uruzitiro abantu bubakaga kugira ngo bazirinde inyamaswa z’inkazi n’abajura. Abungeri bashyiraga intama muri urwo rugo, akaba ari ho bazirindira nijoro. Mu bihe bya Bibiliya, ingo z’intama ntizabaga zisakaye kandi zabaga zubatse mu buryo butandukanye, zitanganya n’ubunini. Akenshi zabaga zubakishijwe inkuta z’amabuye kandi zifite umuryango umwe (Kb 32:16, ibisobanuro hasi ku ipaji; 1Sm 24:3, ibisobanuro hasi ku ipaji; Zf 2:6). Yohana yavuze ibyo kwinjira mu rugo rw’intama ‘unyuze mu irembo’ ryabaga ririnzwe n’“umurinzi w’irembo” (Yh 10:1, 3). Hari igihe abungeri batandukanye barazaga imikumbi yabo mu rugo rumwe, maze umurinzi w’irembo akayirinda. Mu gitondo, umurinzi yakinguriraga abungeri. Buri mwungeri yahamagaraga intama ze, maze zikamenya ijwi rye zikamukurikira (Yh 10:3-5). Yesu yakoresheje urwo rugero kugira ngo atwumvishe ukuntu yitaga ku bigishwa be.—Yh 10:7-14.
Miryango y’Abakristo, ‘nimukomeze kuba maso’
5 Imishyikirano myiza iba hagati y’umwungeri n’intama ze iba ishingiye ku kumenyana no kwizerana. Umwungeri aba azi neza intama ze, kandi na zo zimenya umwungeri wazo, zikanamwiringira. Zimenya ijwi rye kandi zikaryumvira. Yesu yaravuze ati “nzi intama zanjye kandi intama zanjye na zo ziranzi.” Ntazi itorero ibi bidafashije. Aha ngaha, ijambo ry’ikigiriki ryahinduwemo ‘kumenya’ ryumvikanisha igitekerezo cyo “kumenya neza.” Koko rero, Umwungeri Mwiza azi neza buri ntama ye. Azi icyo buri ntama ikeneye, intege nke zayo n’imbaraga zayo. Nta kintu na kimwe Uwatubereye Icyitegererezo atamenya ku birebana n’intama ze. Intama ze na zo zizi neza uwo mwungeri wazo kandi ziringira ubuyobozi bwe.
“Nta cyo yababwiraga adakoresheje umugani”
17 Uwitwa George A. Smith, ahereye ku byo yiboneye, yaranditse ati “rimwe na rimwe, twafatiraga ikiruhuko cya saa sita iruhande rwa rimwe mu mariba y’i Yudaya, aho abungeri batatu cyangwa bane bazanaga n’imikumbi yabo. Iyo mikumbi yarivangaga, maze tukibaza uko buri mwungeri ari bumenye intama ze. Ariko iyo bamaraga kuzuhira zimaze no gukina, buri mwungeri yajyaga ku ruhande rumwe rw’icyo kibaya undi akajya ku rundi, maze buri wese agakubita ikivugirizo zimenyereye; buri ntama yagendaga iva mu zindi isanga umwungeri wayo, maze ya mikumbi igasubirayo uko yaje” (The Historical Geography of the Holy Land). Nta rundi rugero ruruta urwo Yesu yari kubona rwari kumvikanisha icyo yashakaga kuvuga; iyo twemeye inyigisho ze kandi tukazumvira, tugakurikiza ubuyobozi atanga, twitabwaho n’“umwungeri mwiza.”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 10:16
kuzizana: Cyangwa “kuziyobora.” Inshinga y’Ikigiriki aʹgo yakoreshejwe aha ishobora gusobanura “kuzana ikintu ahantu” cyangwa “kuyobora,” bitewe n’aho yakoreshejwe. Inyandiko y’Ikigiriki yandikishijwe intoki y’ahagana mu mwaka wa 200 yakoresheje ijambo ry’Ikigiriki (sy·naʹgo) rifitanye isano n’iyo nshinga, rikunze guhindurwamo “guteranyiriza hamwe.” Kubera ko Yesu ari Umwungeri Mwiza, ateranyiriza hamwe intama zo mu rugo (ari na zo yise ‘umukumbi muto’ muri Lk 12:32) n’izindi ntama, akaziyobora, akazirinda kandi akazigaburira. Izo ntama zose ziba umukumbi umwe, ziyobowe n’umwungeri umwe. Iyo mvugo y’ikigereranyo igaragaza ko abigishwa ba Yesu bari kunga ubumwe.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 9:38
aramuramya: Cyangwa “aramwunamira; amwikubita imbere; amuha icyubahiro.” Iyo inshinga y’Ikigiriki pro·sky·neʹo ikoreshejwe yerekeza ku gikorwa cyo gusenga ikigirwamana, ihindurwamo “gusenga” (Mt 4:10; Lk 4:8). Icyakora, umuntu Yesu yakijije uvugwa muri iyi nkuru wari waravutse ari impumyi, yemeye ko Yesu yari ahagarariye Imana nuko aramuramya. Ntiyamufashe nk’Imana Ishoborabyose, cyangwa nk’ikigirwamana, ahubwo yabonye ko yari “Umwana w’umuntu” wari warasezeranyijwe, ari we Mesiya wari warahawe ububasha n’Imana (Yh 9:35). Igihe yunamiraga Yesu, birashoboka ko yakoze nk’ibyo abantu bavugwa mu Byanditswe by’Igiheburayo bakoraga. Iyo bahuraga n’abahanuzi, abami cyangwa abandi bantu babaga bahagarariye Imana, barabunamiraga (1Sm 25:23, 24; 2Sm 14:4-7; 1Bm 1:16; 2Bm 4:36, 37). Inshuro nyinshi abantu bunamiraga Yesu bashaka kugaragaza ko bashimira Imana kubera ibyo ibahishuriye cyangwa bashaka kugaragaza ko bemera ko Imana yishimira Yesu.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 10:22
umunsi mukuru wo gutaha urusengero: Uwo munsi mukuru mu Giheburayo witwa Hanukkah (chanuk·kahʹ), bisobanura “gutaha ikintu.” Bawizihizaga ku itariki ya 25 y’ukwezi kwa Kisilevu, habura igihe gito ngo izuba ryongere kuboneka (Reba amezi y’imbeho mu gatabo Imfashanyigisho y’Ijambo ry’Imana umugereka wa 19). Bamaraga iminsi umunani bawizihiza, bibuka umuhango wo kongera kwegurira Yehova urusengero rw’i Yerusalemu wabaye mu wa 165 M.Y. Umwami wo muri Siriya witwaga Antiochus wa IV Épiphane yahumanyije urusengero rwa Yehova, kugira ngo agaragaze ko asuzugura Imana y’Abayahudi. Urugero, yubatse igicaniro hejuru y’igicaniro kinini batambiragaho buri munsi ibitambo bikongorwa n’umuriro. Kugira ngo noneho Antiochus ahumanye urusengero rwa Yehova mu buryo bwuzuye, ku itariki ya 25 Kisilevu 168 M.Y. yatambiye ingurube kuri icyo gicaniro, arangije aminjagira umufa wazo mu rusengero rwose. Yatwitse amarembo y’urusengero, asenya ibyumba by’abatambyi, akuraho igicaniro cya zahabu, akuraho ameza ashyirwaho imigati yo kumurikwa n’igitereko cy’amatara gicuzwe muri zahabu. Hanyuma urwo rusengero rwa Yehova yahise arwegurira imana y’abapagani yitwaga Zeus de l’Olympe. Hashize imyaka ibiri, Yuda Makabe yongeye kubohoza uwo mugi wa Yerusalemu n’urwo rusengero. Urwo rusengero rumaze kwezwa, bongeye kurutaha ku itariki ya 25 Kisilevu 165 M.Y., hakaba hari hashize imyaka itatu Antiochus atambiye Zeus igitambo giteye ishozi ku gicaniro cya Yehova. Icyo gihe gahunda yo gutambira Yehova buri munsi ibitambo bikongorwa n’umuriro yongeye gusubiraho. Nta ho Ibyanditswe bivuga mu buryo bweruye ko ari Yehova wafashije Yuda Makabe gutsinda, kandi akamusaba kongera kubaka urusengero. Icyakora, Yehova yajyaga akoresha abanyamahanga, urugero nka Kuro w’Umuperesi, kugira ngo basohoze imigambi ye imwe n’imwe ifitanye isano na gahunda yo kumuyoboka (Ye 45:1). Birakwiriye kuvuga ko Yehova ashobora gukoresha umuntu wo mu bwoko bwe kugira ngo asohoze ibyo ashaka. Ibyanditswe bigaragaza ko urusengero rwagombaga kuba ruriho kandi rukora kugira ngo ubuhanuzi buvuga ibya Mesiya, umurimo we n’igitambo cye busohore. Nanone ibitambo byatambwaga n’abatambyi bo mu muryango wa Lewi byagombaga gukomeza gutambwa kugeza igihe Mesiya yari gutangira igitambo gikomeye kurushaho, ni ukuvuga gutanga ubuzima bwe ngo acungure abantu (Dn 9:27; Yh 2:17; Hb 9:11-14). Abigishwa ba Kristo ntibari bategetswe kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wo gutaha urusengero (Kl 2:16, 17). Icyakora, nta ho Bibiliya ivuga ko Yesu cyangwa abigishwa be bigeze bavuga ko kwizihiza uwo munsi bidakwiriye.
8-14 UKWAKIRA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | YOHANA 11-12
“Jya ugira impuhwe nka Yesu”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 11:24, 25
Nzi ko azazuka: Marita yatekerezaga ko Yesu yavugaga iby’umuzuko uzabaho ku munsi wa nyuma. Yari yizeye ko umuzuko uzabaho nta kabuza. Bamwe mu bayobozi b’amadini bo muri icyo gihe bitwaga Abasadukayo, bahakanaga ko umuzuko uzabaho, nubwo ari inyigisho igaragara neza mu Byanditswe byahumetswe (Dn 12:13; Mr 12:18). Abafarisayo bo bizeraga ko ubugingo budapfa. Icyakora Marita we yari azi ko Yesu yigishije ko umuzuko uzabaho kandi hari n’abantu yari yarazuye nubwo nta n’umwe muri bo wari umaze igihe kinini apfuye nk’uko byagenze kuri Lazaro.
ni jye kuzuka n’ubuzima: Kuba Yesu yarapfuye kandi akazuka, bizatuma abapfuye bazuka. Yesu amaze kuzuka, Yehova yamuhaye ububasha bwo kuzura abapfuye no gutuma abantu babaho iteka. Mu Byahishuwe 1:18, Yesu yaravuze ati: ‘Ndiho kandi mfite imfunguzo z’urupfu n’iz’imva.’ Bityo rero Yesu atuma tugira ibyiringiro kandi tukizera ko n’abapfuye bazazuka. Yasezeranyije ko azafungura imva maze akongera guha ubuzima abapfuye. Bamwe bazazukira kuba mu ijuru bategekane na we, abandi bazukire kuba mu isi nshya izaba iyobowe n’ubutegetsi bwa Kristo bwo mu ijuru.—Yh 5:28, 29; 2Pt 3:13.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 11:33-35
arira: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “kurira” akenshi ryerekeza ku muntu urira abandi bakamwumva. Iyo nshinga ni na yo yakoreshejwe igihe Yesu yahanuraga ibyo kurimbuka kwa Yerusalemu.—Lk 19:41.
asuhuza umutima, arababara cyane: Kuba ayo amagambo yarakoreshejwe icyarimwe bigaragaza ko icyo gihe Yesu yari afite agahinda kenshi cyane. Muri rusange inshinga y’Ikigiriki (em·bri·maʹo·mai) yahinduwemo “gusuhuza umutima,” ubusanzwe isobanura kugaragaza ibyiyumvo cyane. Ariko muri uyu murongo ho igaragaza ko Yesu yagize agahinda kenshi bigatuma asuhuza umutima. Noneho ijambo ry’Ikigiriki (ta·rasʹso) rihindurwamo “kubabara cyane” ryerekeza ku muntu uhangayitse, wabuze amahwemo. Hari umuhanga wavuze ko amagambo yo muri uwo murongo asobanura ngo: “Guhagarika umutima, kugira intimba cyangwa ishavu.” Iyo nshinga ni na yo yakoreshejwe muri Yh 13:21 hagaragaza uko Yesu yumvise ameze igihe yatekerezaga ko Yuda azamugambanira.—Reba ibisobanuro, Yh 11:35.
ararira: Ijambo ryakoreshejwe aha (da·kryʹo) ni inshinga ikomoka ku ijambo ry’Ikigiriki rihindurwamo “amarira,” ari na ryo ryakoreshejwe nko muri Lk 7:38; Ibk 20:19, 31; Hb 5:7; Ibh 7:17; 21:4. Iryo jambo usanga ahanini ryibanda ku marira umuntu yarize kuruta kurira abandi bakamwumva. Aha ni ho honyine iyo nshinga yakoreshejwe mu Byanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo, kandi itandukanye n’iyakoreshejwe muri Yohana 11:33 (reba ibisobanuro) igaragaza uko Mariya n’Abayahudi bari bamutabaye bariraga abantu bakabumva. Yesu yari azi ko agiye kuzura Lazaro, ariko yababajwe cyane no kubona inshuti ze zari zishwe n’agahinda. Kubera ko yakundaga inshuti ze cyane kandi akazigirira impuhwe, yararize. Iyi nkuru igaragaza neza ko Yesu yishyira mu mwanya w’abantu bapfusha ababo muri iki gihe.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 11:49
umutambyi mukuru: iyo Isirayeli yabaga yigenga itarigaruriwe n’ikindi gihugu, umutambyi mukuru yagumaga kuri uwo mwanya kugeza apfuye (Kb 35:25). Icyakora igihe Abaroma bari barigaruriye Isirayeli, abategetsi bashyirwagaho n’ubwami bw’Abaroma ni bo bashyiragaho umutambyi mukuru cyangwa bakamukuraho. Kayafa wari warashyizweho n’Abaroma akaba yari umuhanga mu by’ububanyi n’amahanga, ni we wamaze igihe kinini kuri uwo mwanya kuruta abamubanjirije na bo bashyizweho n’abo bategetsi. Yashyizweho mu wa 18 aba umutambyi mukuru kugeza mu wa 36. Kuba rero Yohana avuga ko Kayafa yari umutambyi mukuru muri uwo mwaka, ni ukuvuga mu wa 33, yashakaga kuvuga ko igihe Yesu yapfaga Kayafa ari we wari umutambyi mukuru.—Reba agatabo Imfashanyigisho y’Ijambo ry’Imana umugereka wa 16-A maze urebe aho inzu ya Kayafa ishobora kuba yari iri.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 12:42
abatware: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “abatware” uko bigaragara ryerekeza ku bari bagize urukiko rukuru rwa Kiyahudi. Iryo jambo ryakoreshejwe muri Yh 3:1 ryerekeza kuri Nikodemu wari umwe mu bari bagize urwo rukiko.
kwirukanwa mu isinagogi: Cyangwa “gucibwa mu isinagogi.” Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki a·po·sy·naʹgo·gos ryakoreshejwe muri uyu murongo no muri Yh 12:42 n’igice cya 16:2 gusa. Iyo umuntu yirukanwaga mu isinagogi bamuhinduraga urw’amenyo kandi bakamugira igicibwa. Kubera ko uwo muntu atongeraga gushyikirana n’abandi Bayahudi, byakeneshaga cyane umuryango we. Amasinagogi yifashishwaga mbere na mbere mu kwigisha, ariko hari n’igihe yakoreshwaga n’inkiko zo mu karere yubatsemo zari zifite ububasha bwo guhanisha umuntu gukubitwa ibiboko no gucibwa.
15-21 UKWAKIRA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | YOHANA 13-14
“Mbahaye icyitegererezo”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 13:5
koza ibirenge by’abigishwa: Muri Isirayeli ya kera, abantu bakundaga kwambara inkweto za sandali. Zabaga ari inkweto zifite udushumi duhambiriye ibirenge n’utugombambari. Kubera ko imihanda n’imirima byabaga byuzuye ivumbi cyangwa ibyondo, uko byagenda kose ibirenge by’abantu byabaga byanduye. Ni yo mpamvu iyo umuntu yajyaga kwinjira mu nzu yakuragamo inkweto, maze uwamwakiriye agakora ibishoboka byose ku buryo uwo mushyitsi yozwa ibirenge. Bibiliya irimo inkuru nyinshi zivuga iby’uwo muhango wo koza abantu ibirenge (It 18:4, 5; 24:32; 1Sm 25:41; Lk 7:37, 38, 44). Igihe Yesu yozaga abigishwa be ibirenge, yakoze uwo muhango kugira ngo yigishe abigishwa be umuco wo kwicisha bugufi no gukorera abandi.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 13:12-14
mugomba: Cyangwa “mutegetswe.” Inshinga y’Ikigiriki yakoreshejwe muri uyu murongo ikunze gukoreshwa mu bintu by’amafaranga, mbere na mbere isobanura “kubamo umuntu umwenda cyangwa kugira icyo ugomba umuntu” (Mt 18:28, 30, 34; Lk 16:5, 7). Muri uyu murongo no mu yindi, iryo jambo risobanura ko ugomba gukora ikintu cyangwa ko utegetswe kugikora.—1Yh 3:16; 4:11; 3Yh 8.
Umuntu Ukomeye Kurusha Abandi Bose Akora Igikorwa Kirangwa no Kwicisha Bugufi
Binyuriye mu koza ibirenge by’abigishwa be, Yesu yatanze isomo rikomeye mu bihereranye no kwicisha bugufi. Koko rero, Abakristo ntibagomba kwibwira ko bakomeye cyane ku buryo abandi bagomba kubakorera buri gihe, kandi nta n’ubwo bagomba kwifuza imyanya y’ibyubahiro. Ahubwo bagomba gukurikiza urugero rwatanzwe na Yesu, we ‘utaraje gukorerwa, ahubwo waje gukorera abandi no gutangira ubugingo bwe kuba incungu ya benshi’ (Matayo 20:28). Koko rero, abigishwa ba Yesu bagombye kuba biteguye gukorerana imirimo iciye bugufi kurusha iyindi yose.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 14:6
ni jye nzira n’ukuri n’ubuzima: Yesu ni inzira kubera ko dusenga Imana tubinyujije mu izina rye. Nanone ni “inzira” kuko yatumye twiyunga n’Imana (Yh 16:23; Rm 5:8). Yesu ni ukuri kubera ko yavugaga ukuri kandi akabaho ahuje n’ukuri. Nanone yashohoje ubuhanuzi bwinshi bugaragaza ko afite uruhare rw’ingenzi mu gusohoza umugambi w’Imana (Yh 1:14; Ibh 19:10). Ubwo buhanuzi bwose bwabaye “Yego [cyangwa bwasohoye] binyuze kuri we” (2Kr 1:20). Yesu ni ubuzima kubera ko yatanze inshungu, agatuma abantu bashobora kubona “ubuzima nyakuri,” ari bwo ‘buzima bw’iteka’ (1Tm 6:12, 19; Ef 1:7; 1Yh 1:7). Nanone abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni nibazuka bakagira ibyiringiro byo kubaho iteka muri Paradizo, na bwo azaba agaragaje ko ari “ubuzima.”—Yh 5:28, 29.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 14:12
imirimo ikomeye kuruta iyi: Yesu ntiyashakaga kuvuga ko abigishwa be bari gukora ibitangaza birenze ibyo yakoze. Ahubwo, yicishije bugufi yemera ko umurimo wo kubwiriza no kwigisha bari gukora wari kuruta uwo yakoze. Abigishwa be bari kubwiriza ahantu hanini, bakagera ku bantu benshi kandi bakabwiriza igihe kinini kumurusha. Ayo magambo Yesu yavuze agaragaza ko yari yiteze ko abigishwa be bakomeza umurimo yatangije.
22-28 UKWAKIRA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | YOHANA 15-17
‘Ntimuri ab’isi’
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 15:19
isi: Muri uyu murongo ijambo ry’Ikigiriki koʹsmos ryerekeza ku bantu bo muri iyi si bitandukanyije n’abagaragu b’Imana, cyangwa abakiranirwa bitandukanyije n’Imana. Yohana ni we mwanditsi w’Ivanjiri wenyine wanditse ko Yesu yavuze ko abigishwa be atari ab’isi. Nanone Yesu yasubiyemo ayo magambo inshuro ebyiri zose, mu isengesho rya nyuma yasenze ari kumwe n’intumwa ze z’indahemuka.—Yh 17:14, 16.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 15:21
babahora izina ryanjye: Muri Bibiliya, hari igihe “izina” riba rigaragaza uko nyiraryo ameze n’uko avugwa. Izina rya Yesu rigaragaza ubutware n’umwanya Se yamuhaye (Mt 28:18; Fp 2:9, 10; Hb 1:3, 4). Muri uyu murongo Yesu yasobanuye impamvu abantu bo muri iyi si bari kurwanya abigishwa be. Yavuze ko bari kubiterwa n’uko batazi uwamwohereje. Kumenya Imana byari kubafasha kumenya no kwemera icyo izina rya Yesu risobanura (Ibk 4:12). Ibyo bikubiyemo kuba Imana yaramugize Umutegetsi, Umwami w’abami, uwo abantu bose bagomba kugandukira kugira ngo babone ubuzima.—Yh 17:3; Ibh 19:11-16; gereranya na Zb 2:7-12.
it-1-F 555
Nimukomere cyangwa mugire ubutwari
Abakristo bakeneye kugira ubutwari kugira ngo birinde imyifatire hamwe n’ibikorwa by’iyi si yitandukanyije n’Imana kandi bakomeze kubera Yehova indahemuka nubwo isi ibanga. Yesu Kristo yabwiye abigishwa be ati: “Mu isi mugira imibabaro, ariko nimukomere! Nanesheje isi” (Yh 16:33). Umwana w’Imana ntiyigeze aba uw’isi, ahubwo yanesheje isi ntiyishushanya na yo mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose. Gutekereza ku rugero ruhebuje Yesu Kristo yatanze akanesha isi n’ukuntu atigeze akora icyaha, byagombye gutuma buri wese agira ubutwari bwo kumwigana, agakomeza kwitandukanya n’iyi si no kwirinda kwanduzwa na yo.—Yh 17:16.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 17:21-23
umwe: Cyangwa “kunga ubumwe.” Yesu yasenze asaba ko abigishwa be baba “umwe,” bagakorana mu bumwe bafite intego imwe, nk’uko we na Se ari “umwe.” Ibyo bigaragaza ko abigishwa be bagombaga kumva ibintu kimwe, bakagira imitekerereze imwe (Yh 17:22). Mu 1Kr 3:6-9 Pawulo yavuze ko Abakristo bagomba gukorana mu bumwe ari na ko bakorana n’Imana.—Reba mu 1Kr 3:8.
babe umwe rwose: Cyangwa “bunge ubumwe rwose.” Muri uyu murongo, Yesu yagaragaje ko iyo twunze ubumwe mu buryo bwuzuye, dukundwa na Se. Ibyo nanone bihuje n’ibivugwa mu Kl 3:14 hagira hati: “Urukundo . . . rwunga abantu mu buryo bwuzuye.” Kunga ubumwe muri ubwo buryo ntibivuga ko abantu bameze kimwe, cyangwa ko bafite ubushobozi bungana, imico imwe cyangwa se ko babona ibintu kimwe. Ubwo rero Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ko abigishwa be bagombaga kunga ubumwe mu byo bakora, mu byo bizera no mu byo bigisha.—Rm 15:5, 6; 1Kr 1:10; Ef 4:3; Fp 1:27.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 17:24
urufatiro rw’isi: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “urufatiro” rihindurwamo “gusama” mu Hb 11:11, aho rikoreshwa riri kumwe n’ijambo “urubyaro.” Muri uyu murongo, “urufatiro rw’isi” rushobora kuba rwerekeza ku rubyaro rwa Adamu na Eva. Yesu yavuze ko “urufatiro rw’isi” rufitanye isano na Abeli, kuko ashobora kuba ari we muntu wa mbere wari ukwiriye gucungurwa akaba ari na we wa mbere wanditswe “mu muzingo w’ubuzima kuva urufatiro rw’isi rwashyirwaho” (Lk 11:50, 51; Ibh 17:8). Nanone ayo magambo Yesu yavuze mu isengesho rye, agaragaza ko kuva kera cyane, mbere y’uko Adamu na Eva babyara abana, Imana yakundaga Umwana wayo w’ikinege.
29 UKWAKIRA–4 UGUSHYINGO
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | YOHANA 18-19
“Yesu yahamije ukuri”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 18:37
mpamye: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki (mar·ty·reʹo) ryahinduwemo “guhamya” na (mar·ty·riʹa; marʹtys) ryahinduwemo “ubuhamya,” asobanurwa mu buryo butandukanye dukurikije uko yakoreshejwe mu Byanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo. Mbere na mbere yerekeza ku muntu uvuga ibyo yiboneye n’amaso ye cyangwa ibyo azi, ariko nanone ashobora gusobanura “gushyira ahagaragara, kwemeza ko ikintu ari ukuri no kuvuganira umuntu.” Yesu yahamije ukuri kandi yigisha inyigisho z’ukuri. Nanone imibereho ye yagaragaje ko ubuhanuzi bwo mu Ijambo ry’Imana n’amasezerano y’Imana ari ukuri (2Kr 1:20). Uko umugambi w’Imana uzasohora binyuze ku Bwami buzaba buyobowe na Mesiya byari byarahanuwe no mu tuntu duto duto. Ibyabaye kuri Yesu igihe yari hano ku isi kugeza apfuye, byashohoje ubuhanuzi bwose bwari bwaramuvuzweho, hakubiyemo n’ibintu biri mu isezerano ry’Amategeko byashushanyaga ibyo yari gukora (Kl 2:16, 17; Hb 10:1). Bityo rero, dushobora kuvuga ko Yesu ‘yahamije ukuri’ haba mu magambo no mu bikorwa.
ukuri: Yesu ntiyarimo yerekeza ku kuri muri rusange ahubwo yerekezaga ku kuri ku birebana n’imigambi y’Imana. Ikintu k’ingenzi kigize umugambi w’Imana ni uko Yesu “mwene Dawidi,” aba Umutambyi Mukuru akaba n’Umutegetsi w’Ubwami bw’Imana (Mt 1:1). Yesu yavuze ko impamvu y’ibanze yatumye aza ku isi kandi akahakorera umurimo, ari ukugira ngo atangaze ukuri ku birebana n’ubwo Bwami. Abamarayika na bo batangaje ubutumwa bw’Ubwami mbere na nyuma yuko Yesu avukira mu mugi wa Betelehemu ya Yudaya, aho Dawidi yavukiye.—Lk 1:32, 33; 2:10-14.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 18:38a
ukuri ni iki?: Uko bigaragara Pilato ntiyabazaga “ukuri” Yesu yari amaze kuvuga ahubwo yabazaga icyo ukuri muri rusange ari cyo (Yh 18:37). Iyo Yesu abona ko amubajije icyo kibazo abivanye ku mutima, yari kumusubiza. Pilato yabajije icyo kibazo adakeneye igisubizo, afite agasuzuguro. Ni nk’aho yabajije ati: “Ukuri? Ukuri se ni iki? Nta kuri kubaho!” N’ikimenyimenyi, Pilato ntiyategereje ko Yesu amusubiza ahubwo yahise yisohokera asanga Abayahudi hanze.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 19:30
umwuka urahera: Cyangwa “arapfa; ntiyongera guhumeka.” Hari abavuga ko ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “umwuka urahera,” risobanura ko Yesu yanze gukomeza guhatana ngo akomeze kubaho, kubera ko ibintu byose byari byasohoye. Bibiliya ivuga ko “yatanze ubuzima bwe” ku bushake.—Ye 53:12; Yh 10:11.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Yh 19:31
kuko umunsi w’iyo Sabato wari ukomeye: Umunsi wakurikiraga Pasika, ni ukuvuga ku itariki ya 15 Nisani, buri gihe wabaga ari isabato, kabone n’iyo iyo tariki yagwaga ku wundi munsi udasanzwe ari uw’isabato (Lw 23:5-7). Iyo iyo Sabato yihariye yahuriranaga n’Isabato isanzwe (umunsi wa karindwi w’icyumweru cy’Abayahudi, watangiraga ku wa Gatanu izuba rirenze ukageza ku wa Gatandatu izuba rirenze), yitwaga Isabato ‘ikomeye.’ Iyo ni yo sabato yakurikiye umunsi Yesu yapfiriyeho, kuko yapfuye ari ku wa Gatanu. Kuva mu mwaka wa 29 kugeza mu wa 35, mu mwaka wa 33 honyine ni bwo itariki ya 14 Nisani yabaye ari ku wa Gatanu. Ibyo rero bigaragaza ko Yesu yapfuye ku itariki ya 14 Nisani mu mwaka wa 33.