Ingaruka u Bugiriki na Roma Byagize ku Bayahudi
UBWAMI bw’u Bugiriki bwatangiriye mu misozi y’i Makedoniya. Igihe Alexandre yari afite imyaka igera kuri 20, yatangiye gushaka uko yakwigarurira uturere tw’iburasirazuba. Mu mwaka wa 334 M.I.C., yahagurukije ingabo ze, bambuka mu karere kitwa Helesiponti (ubu hitwa Daridaneli), gatandukanya u Burayi na Aziya. Abagiriki bayobowe na Alexandre bahise batangira kwigarurira ibihugu vuba vuba, bafite umuvuduko nk’uw’“ingwe” (Dn 7:6). Alexandre yatsindiye Abaperesi hafi y’umujyi witwa Turuwa, mu bibaya by’Uruzi rwa Garanike, hanyuma aza kubaneshereza burundu mu gitero simusiga cyabereye ahitwa Izusi.
Abagiriki bateye Siriya na Foyinike barabyigarurira, baza gufata na Tiro nyuma y’amezi arindwi bamaze bayigose (Ezk 26:4, 12). Alexandre yanze gutera Yerusalemu, ahubwo yigarurira Gaza (Zk 9:5). Amaze kugera muri Egiputa, yahubatse umujyi awita Alekizanderiya, nyuma y’aho ukaba waraje kuba ihuriro ry’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi n’amashuri. Yongeye kunyura mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, nanone atsindira Abaperesi ahitwa i Gogamele hafi y’aho Nineve yari yubatse, bakwira imishwaro.
Alexandre yakomeje yerekeza mu majyepfo, yigarurira Babuloni, Shushani na Perisepolisi, imirwa y’Abaperesi yari ikomeye. Hanyuma, yahise yigabiza uturere twose twatwarwaga n’u Buperesi, aza no kugera ku Ruzi rwa Indusi, ubu ruri mu gihugu cya Pakisitani. Mu gihe cy’imyaka umunani gusa, Alexandre yari amaze kwigarurira isi yose yari izwi mu gihe cye. Icyakora ariko, mu mwaka wa 323 M.I.C., igihe yari afite imyaka 32 y’amavuko, yaje guhitanwa na malariya i Babuloni.—Dn 8:8.
Abagiriki bagize ingaruka zikomeye mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Bamwe mu bahoze ari ingabo za Alexandre baje gutura muri ako karere, ku buryo mu kinyejana cya mbere hariho imijyi yari ituwe n’abantu bavugaga Ikigiriki, ari yo bitaga Dekapoli (Mt 4:25; Mr 7:31). Icyo gihe, Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo byabonekaga no mu Kigiriki. Ururimi bitaga Koinè (Ikigiriki cya rubanda rwa giseseka) rwari ururimi mpuzamahanga rwakoreshejwe mu gukwirakwiza inyigisho za Gikristo.
Ubwami bwa Roma
Ariko se hagati aho, byari byifashe bite mu gace k’iburengerazuba? Roma, yatangiye igizwe n’imidugudu yari yubatswe ku nkengero z’Uruzi rwa Tiberi, yatangiye gukomera. Kubera ko Roma yari ifite ingabo zatojwe neza kandi ikaba yari ifite ubutegetsi buhamye, amaherezo yaje kwigarurira uturere twategekwaga na bane mu bagaba b’ingabo ba Alexandre. Mu mwaka wa 30 M.I.C., byari bimaze kugaragara ko Ubwami bwa Roma bwari bumaze kuba igihangange, akaba ari na bwo ya ‘nyamaswa iteye ubwoba’ Daniyeli yeretswe yari itangiye kwigaragaza.—Dn 7:7.
Ubwami bwa Roma bwaheraga mu Bwongereza bukagera mu majyaruguru ya Afurika, bukava no ku Nyanja ya Atalantika bukagera mu Kigobe cya Peresi. Kubera ko ubwo bwami bwari bukikije Inyanja ya Mediterane, Abaroma bayitaga Mare Nostrum (Inyanja yacu).
Roma na yo yagize ingaruka ku Bayahudi, kubera ko igihugu cyabo cyari imwe mu ntara zatwarwaga n’Ubwami bwa Roma (Mt 8:5-13; Ibyk 10:1, 2). Yesu yabatijwe kandi apfa ku ngoma y’Umwami w’Abami Tiberiyo. Abategetsi bamwe b’Abaroma bagiye batoteza cyane Abakristo, ariko ntibabashije kunesha ugusenga k’ukuri. Nyuma y’ibinyejana 13, Ubwami bwa Roma bwaje kuneshwa n’abaturage bo mu moko y’Abadage bateraga baturutse mu majyaruguru, hamwe n’ishyanga ry’abantu bahoraga bimuka ryabateraga riturutse mu burasirazuba.
[Ikarita yo ku ipaji ya 26]
(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gatabo)
Ubwami bw’u Bugiriki
Alexandre amaze gupfa, bane mu bagaba be b’ingabo bigabanyije ubwami bwe bugari
▪ Kasanderi
▫ Lisimaki
○ Putoleme wa I
• Selekusi wa I
A2 ▪ U BUGIRIKI
A2 ▪ Atenayi
A2 ▪ AKAYA
A3 ○ Kurene
A3 ○ LIBIYA
B2 ▫ Bizanse
B3 ○ KUPURO
B4 ○ No Amoni (Tebe)
C3 Palumire (Tadumori)
C3 ○ Gerasa
C3 ○ Filadelifiya
C3 ○ Yerusalemu
C5 ○ Sevene
G2 • Alekizanderiya Marigiyane
Aho Alexandre yanyuze
A2 ▪ MAKEDONIYA
A2 ▪ Pela
A2 ▫ TARASE
B2 ▫ Turuwa
B2 ▫ Sarudi
B2 ▫ Efeso
B2 ▫ Gorudiyoni
C2 ▫ Ankara
C3 • Taruso
C3 • Isuzi
C3 • Antiyokiya (ya Siriya)
C3 ○ Tiro
C4 ○ Gaza
B4 ○ EGIPUTA
B4 ○ Memfisi
B4 ○ Alekizanderiya
A4 ○ Isoko ya Siwa
B4 ○ Mofu
C4 ○ Gaza
C3 ○ Tiro
C3 ○ Damasiko
C3 • Alepo
D3 • Nizibe
D3 • Gogamele
D3 • Babuloni
E3 • Shushani
E4 • U BUPERESII
E4 • Perisepolisi
E4 • Pazarigade
E3 • U BUMEDI
E3 • Ekibatane
E3 • Raje
E3 • Hekatompilosi
F3 • PARATIYA
G3 • ARIYA
G3 • Alekizanderiya ya Ariya
G3 • Alekizanderiya Porofutaziya
F4 • DARANGIYANE
G4 • ARAKOZIYA
G4 • Alekizanderiya Arakoto
H3 • Kabulu
G3 • Darabusaka
H3 • Alekizanderiya Ogisiyana
G3 • Darabusaka
G3 • BAGITIRIYA
G3 • Bagitara
G2 • Derubenti
G2 • SOGIDIYANE
G2 • Maracanda
G2 • Bukara
G2 • Marakanda
H2 • Alekizanderiya Esikayite
G2 • Maracanda
G2 • Derubenti
G3 • Bagitara
G3 • BAGITIRIYA
G3 • Darabusaka
H3 • Kabulu
H3 • Tagisila
H5 • U BUHINDI
H4 • Alekizanderiya
G4 • GEDOROZIYA
F4 • Pura
E4 • U BUPERESI
F4 • Alekizanderiya
F4 • KARUMANIYA
E4 • Pazarigade
E4 • Perisepolisi
E3 • Shushani
D3 • Babuloni
[Utundi turere]
A3 KIRETE
D4 ARABIYA
[Inyanja]
B3 Inyanja ya Mediterane
B3 Inyanja Itukura
E4 Ikigobe cya Peresi
G5 Inyanja ya Arabiya
[Inzuzi]
B4 Nili
D3 Ufurate
D3 Tigre
G4 Indusi
[Ikarita yo ku ipaji ya 27]
(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gatabo)
Ubwami bwa Roma
A1 U BWONGEREZA
A3 HISIPANIYA
B1 U BUDAGE
B2 GOLE
B2 U BUTALIYANI
B2 Roma
B3 Karitaje
C2 ILURIKO
C3 U BUGIRIKI
C3 Akitiyumu
C3 Kurene
D2 Bizanse (Konsitantinopule)
D3 AZIYA NTOYA
D3 Efeso
D3 Alepo
D3 Antiyokiya (ya Siriya)
D3 Damasiko
D3 Gerasa (Jerashi)
D3 Yerusalemu
D3 Alekizanderiya
D4 EGIPUTA
[Inyanja]
A2 Inyanja ya Atalantika
C3 Inyanja ya Mediterane
D2 Inyanja Yirabura
D4 Inyanja Itukura
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 26]
Ptolémée wa II amaze kubaka umujyi wa Raba, yawise Filadelifiya. Hari itongo ry’inzu nini y’imikino y’Abaroma rikiriho na n’ubu
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 27]
Gerasa (Jerashi), umwe mu mijyi yari igize Dekapoli
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 27]
Imihanda Abaroma bubatse, urugero nk’uyu unyura hafi y’i Alepo, yageraga i Burayi, muri Afurika y’Amajyaruguru no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Iyo mihanda ni yo Abakristo banyuragamo bakwirakwiza ukuri kwa Bibiliya