Europe e Kopaneng—Ke Hobane’ng ha e ka ba e Tsotellehang?

LIPOROPO tsa libotlolo tsa champagne li ile tsa thunya moeeng. Litlelabore tsa tsekema sepakapakeng. Ho ne ho ketekeloa eng? Sekete se secha sa lilemo? Che, ha ho pelaelo hore ketsahalo ena e ne e le ea bohlokoa ho feta ho fetoloa feela tjee ha lipalo tse lialmanakeng tsa lefatše. E ne e le ka la 1 January 1999. Chelete e le ’ngoe e ncha ea European Union (EU)—mofuta oa chelete e bitsoang euroa—e ile ea qala ho sebetsa ka molao letsatsing leo.

Batho ba bangata ba Europe ba bona ho qala ho sebetsa ha chelete e le ’ngoe e le mohato oa bohlokoa oa hore ebe ke nako e telele Europe e labalabela ho ba e kopaneng. Koranta ea Sedache ea De Telegraaf e ile ea thoholetsa ho qala ho sebetsa ha euro e le “moqhaka oa ho kopana ha Europe.” Ka sebele, ka mor’a lilemo tse mashome tsa tabatabelo, lipuisano tsa lichaba le ho lieha ha lintho, ho kopana ha Europe ho bonahala ho atamela ho feta leha e le neng pele.

Ke ’nete hore batho ba sa luleng Europe ba ka ’na ba ipotsa hore na lehesheheshe le lekana ke la eng. Ho ka ’na ha bonahala eka ho fihla ha euro le boiteko ba ho ba le Europe e kopaneng hase ntho e ka ba amang ka letho bophelong ba bona ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Leha ho le joalo, ho kopana ha Europe ho ne ho tla etsa hore ho be le lihlopha tse khōlōhali tsa lichaba tsa lefatše tse sebelisanang hammoho litabeng tsa moruo. Ka lebaka lena, ho ne ho tla ba thata ho hlokomoloha Europe e kopaneng—ho sa tsotellehe hore na motho o lula hokae.

Ka mohlala, Motlatsi oa Mongoli oa ’Muso oa United States, Marc Grossman, haufi tjena o sa tsoa bolella batho ba Amerika Leboea hore: “Katleho ea rōna e hokahane le Europe.” Hobane’ng? Har’a mabaka a mang o boletse hore “mosebetsi a le mong oa fektheri ho ba 12 United States o sebetsa ho e ’ngoe ea likhoebo tse 4 000 tse United States, tseo e leng tsa batho ba Europe.” Ho boetse ho tlalehiloe hore chelete e ncha ea Europe e ka ’na ea ama theko ea thepa e rekoang ka ntle ho naha—esita le litefello tsa likalimo tsa lichelete—linaheng tse hōle le Europe.

Linaha tse tsoelang pele li ka ’na tsa rua molemo. Joang? Tlaleho e ’ngoe ea bontša: “Ho nkeloa sebaka ha lichelete tse sa tšoaneng tsa Europe ke euro ho tla nolofatsa likamano tsa khoebo tse teng lipakeng tsa EU le linaha tse tsoelang pele.” Ho phaella moo, ba bang ba noha hore lifeme tsa Japane le tsa United States tse hoebang Europe li tla rua molemo. Ha ho se ho sebelisoa euro, ho ke ke ha e-ba le ho se tšoane ho sa tsitsang ha matla a lichelete lipakeng tsa linaha tsa Europe. Ho ba le khoebo Europe ho ka ’na ha fokotsa litšenyehelo haholoanyane.

Ka ho tšoanang, haeba u rera ho etela Europe, u ka ’na ua lemoha melemo ea ho kopana ha linaha tsa Europe. Haufinyane u tla be u khona ho reka lintho le ho fumana litšebeletso tse itseng linaheng tse fapaneng tsa Europe u sebelisa chelete e le ’ngoe, euro, e nang le matla a batlang a lekana le a dolara ea United States. Mehla ea baeti ba ferekantsoeng ke ho sebetsana le lichelete tsa li-gulden, li-franc, li-lire, li-deutsche mark hammoho le mechine e menyenyane e sebetsang lipalo, e tla be e fetile.

Leha ho le joalo, mohato oo Europe e o nkileng oa hore e be k’honthinente e kopaneng o fana ka ho hong ho ipiletsang le ho feta, e leng tšepo. Nahana feela hore lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng, Europe e ne e aparetsoe ke ntoa. Ho latela pono ena ea litaba, ho kopanngoa ha Europe ke phetoho e tsotehang. Batho lefatšeng ka bophara ba lemoha sena.

Leha ho le joalo, ba bangata baa ipotsa hore na ebe bonngoe ba lefatše e tla ke e be ntho ea sebele e ka lebelloang. Ka sebele ena ke tebello e lakatsehang! Na mehato ea Europe e lebisang bonngoeng e tla atametsa moloko oa batho haufi le hore lefatše le be bonngoeng? Pele re tšohla potso eo, re tlameha ho hlahlobisisa ka tieo ho kopana hona ha Europe. Ke litšitiso life tse ntseng li lokela ho tlosoa tseleng ee ea ho kopana?

[Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe]

[Lebokose le leqepheng la 12]

NA HO HLILE HOA KOPANOA?

Khopolo ea hore Europe e be e kopaneng hase ntho e ncha. Ho bile le ho kopana ho itseng nakong ea ’Muso oa Roma, ha boela ha e-ba teng tlas’a puso ea Charlemagne, ’me hamorao ha e-ba teng tlas’a Napoléon I. Maemong ao, ho kopana ho ne ho thehiloe ka likhoka le tlhōlo. Leha ho le joalo, ka mor’a Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, linaha tse ngata tse harasoantsoeng ke ntoa li ile tsa bona tlhokahalo ea ho theha kopano ea tsona tšebelisanong. Linaha tsena li ne li tšepile hore tšebelisano e joalo e ne e ke ke ea etsa hore li hlaphoheloe moruong feela, empa e ne e tla boela e thibele ntoa. Mehato ea histori e latelang ke e meng ea e lebisitseng boemong bo teng kajeno:

• 1948 Baeta-pele ba lipolotiki ba makholo ba Europe ba bokana hammoho The Hague, Netherlands, ’me baa itlama: “Re ke ke ra hlola re loantšana hape.”

• 1950 Fora le Jeremane li qala ho sebelisana e le hore li sireletse liindasteri tsa tsona tsa mashala le tšepe. Linaha tse eketsehileng lia li tlatseletsa, ’me sena se etsa hore ho thehoe mokhatlo oa European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). Mokhatlo oo oa ECSC o qala ho sebetsa ka 1952 ’me o akarelletsa Belgium, Fora, Italy, Jeremane Bophirimela, Luxembourg, le Netherlands.

• 1957 Litho tse tšeletseng tsa ECSC li theha mekhatlo e meng e ’meli: European Economic Community (EEC) le European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom).

• 1967 Mokhatlo oa EEC o kopana le oa ECSC le Euratom ho theha mokhatlo oa European Community (EC).

• 1973 EC e amohela Denmark, Ireland le United Kingdom.

• 1981 Greece e kena mokhatlong oa EC.

• 1986 Portugal le Spain li kena mokhatlong oa EC.

• 1990 EC e hōla le ho feta ha Jeremane Bophirimela le Jeremane Bochabela li kopana, e leng ho etsang hore seo pele e neng e le Jeremane Bochabela se kene mokhatlong oo.

• 1993 Boiteko ba litho tsa EC bo lebisang ho kopaneng haholoanyane litabeng tsa moruo le tsa lipolotiki bo etsa hore ho hlahe mokhatlo oa European Union (EU).

• 2000 Mokhatlo oa EU o na le linaha tse 15 tseo e leng litho tsa oona—Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Fora, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Jeremane, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden le United Kingdom.

[Setšoantšo se leqepheng la 11]

Euro e tla nkela lichelete tse ngata tsa Europe sebaka

[Tlhaloso ea Moo Setšoantšo se Nkiloeng Teng e leqepheng la 11]

Euros and euro symbols on pages 11, 13-14, and 16: © European Monetary Institute