Bolwetsi Jo Bo Sa Itseweng Bo Simolola go Elwa Tlhoko

CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome [bolwetsi jwa letsapa le le tseneletseng la mmele]) ke “selo se segolo se se tshosetsang mo pholong le mo itsholelong, ke jone fela bolwetsi jo bo tlang fa morago ga jwa AIDS.”

KE SEO Dr. Byron Hyde wa Canada a neng a se bolela mo simposiamong sa ntlha sa bolwetsi jwa CFS sa lefatshe lotlhe, kwa Cambridge, England, ka April 1990. Tota ebile, Dr. Jay Levy, mmatlisisi wa AIDS wa kwa San Francisco, o ne a bitsa bolwetsi jwa CFS a re ke “bolwetsi jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990.”

Emergency Medicine e ne ya tlhalosa gore bolwetsi jwa CFS ke “bolwetsi jo bo tshwarang dikarolo tse dintsi tsa mmele jo bo amang tsamaiso ya methapo le tsamaiso ya mmele ya go itshireletsa mo malwetsing mme gantsi bo ama le tsamaiso ya mesifa le marapo a motho.” Jaanong go amegilwe thata ka bolwetsi jono. Fa makasine wa U.S. wa Newsweek o ne o gatisa kgang ya kafa ntle ka jone ka November 1990, tokololo eo e ne ya nna yone e e rekiwang bogolo go gaisa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa ngwaga oo.

CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control) kwa Atlanta e ile ya leba bolwetsi jono ka tsela e e masisi. Ka 1988 mokgatlho ono o o di gogang kwa pele wa pholo wa U.S. o ne wa lemoga bolwetsi jono jo bo sa itsiweng wa bo lemoga semolao ka go neela dingaka matshwao, kana ditshupo le ditemotshi, tsa go bo lemoga. Mokgatlho ono o ne wa bitsa bolwetsi jono o re ke bolwetsi jwa letsapa le le tseneletseng la mmele ka gonne temotshi ya jone e e tlwaelegileng, e kgolo ke go lapisega.

Bothata ka Leina la Jone

Lefa go ntse jalo, ba le bantsi ba akanya gore leina leno ga se le le tshwanelang. Ba bolela gore le dira gore bolwetsi jono e se nne jo bo maswe go le go kalo, ereka letsapa le motho a le utlwang go bolwetsi jwa CFS le farologane le go lapa fela go go tlwaelegileng. “Kamano e e leng gone mo gare ga letsapa la rona le go lapa fela go go tlwaelegileng e tshwana fela le e e leng gone mo gare ga legadima le tlhase,” go ne ga tlhalosa jalo molwetsi mongwe.

Dr. Paul Cheney yo o ileng a berekana le makgolokgolo a balwetsi ba bolwetsi jwa CFS, o bolela gore go e bitsa letsapa le le nnetseng ruri “go tshwana le go bitsa nyumonia o re ke ‘bolwetsi jwa go gotlhola go go nnetseng ruri.’” Dr. J. Van Aerde, yo ene ka boene a neng a tshwerwe ke bolwetsi jwa CFS, o dumalana le seo. Nakonyana e e fetileng, ngaka eno e ne e na le ditiro tse pedi tseo e neng e di dira ka metlha—o ne a le ngaka fa go le bosigo ebile e le motlhatlhobi wa saense fa go le motshegare, mo godimo ga go nna monna yo o nyetseng le rrabana. Ngogola o ne a bolela tsela eo a neng a ikutlwa ka yone ka bolwetsi jwa CFS, mme Medical Post ya Canada e ne ya kwala pego ya gagwe:

“A o ko o akanye ka bolwetsi jo bo senyang maikatlapelo otlhe a gago, jo bo dirang gore go tsholetsa dikobo gore o tsoge mo bolaong e nne selo se se boima tota. Go tsamaya go dikologa kago, tota le fa o tsamaya o iketlile jang, e nna tiro e kgolo thata, go tsholetsa ngwana wa gago yo o santseng a ithuta go tsamaya e nna selo se se gogang mowa. O tila go ya kwa ntlwaneng ya gago e o ithutelang mo go yone e e kwa tlase ka gonne o sa kgone go boa gape ka mapagamelo kwantle ga go tshwanelwa ke gore o tle o ikhutsa mo tseleng. A o ke o akanye, o kgona go bala mafoko le mela ya setlhogo sa lekwalodikgang, mme o sa kgone go tlhaloganya seo di se bolelang . . .

“A o ko o akanye o ikutlwa jaaka ekete o ntse o amogela ditlhabo tsa mo mesifeng di le makgolokgolo di tla tsotlhe ka nako e le nngwe mo mesifeng ya gago, di dira gore go nne botlhoko go dula, go se ka ga kgonega go tsamaya, di dira gore go tlamparela go se ka ga tlhola go itumedisa. . . . Akanya serame se se tlang nako le nako, mofufutso o o tsiditsana, gantsi o tla o na le letshoromanyana le le seng bogale thata. Tsaya ditemotshi tsotlhe tseno mme o di bapise le mofikela o o maswemaswe o o kileng wa lwantshana nao, kwantle ga gore bone bo maswe le go feta ebile bo tsaya ngwaga otlhe, gongwe le go feta.

“Akanya ka tlalelo e o nnang mo go yone le go swaba go go sa lekanngweng fa o nna o boela o lwala gangwe le gape, fela fa o akanya gore o bo kgonne. Akanya o tshogile, o boifa ka gonne o ikutlwa gore o golegetswe mo mmeleng o sele, ebile o sa itse gore go tla fela leng kana gone gore a go tla fela.”—September 3, 1991.

Leina le le neilweng bolwetsi jono kwa United Kingdom le Canada le bontsha ka moo bolwetsi jono bo leng masisi ka gone. Gone bo bidiwa myalgic encephalomyelitis, kana ME fa le khutshwafadiwa. “Myalgic” e bontsha botlhoko jwa mesifa, mme “encephalomyelitis” e bontsha ka seo bolwetsi jono bo ka se dirang mo bobokong le mo methapong.

Ereka bolwetsi jono bo ama tsamaiso ya mmele ya go itwela mo malwetsing a mangwe, ditlhopha tsa batho ba ba nayang balwetsi kgothatso ba kwa United States, bao mo nakong ya jaanong ba leng makgolokgolo, ba ile ba bo bitsa CFIDS (chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome [ditshupo tsa letsapa le le tseneletseng la mmele tse di dirang gore itshireletso ya mmele kgatlhanong le malwetsi e se ka ya dira sentle]).

A jono ruri ke bothata jo bosha jo bo alafesegang? Go tlile jang gore batho ba le bantsi ba itse ka jone?

Go Tlhatlhoba Hisitori ya Jone

Go bonala bolwetsi jwa CFS e se bolwetsi jo bosha. Bangwe ba ile ba bo tshwantsha le ditemotshi tse dintsintsi tsa bolwetsi joo mo lekgolong le le fetileng la dingwaga bo neng bo bidiwa neurasthenia, eleng leina le le tshotsweng go tswa mo Segerikeng le le bolelang “go senang maatla a methapo.” Gape ditemotshi tsa bolwetsi jwa CFS di tshwana le tsa fibromyalgia, eo gape e bidiwang fibrositis. Ebile bangwe ba dumela gore bolwetsi jwa CFS le fibromyalgia di ka tswa e le bolwetsi jo bo tshwanang.

Mo masomeng a a fetileng a dingwaga go ile ga begwa ka go tlhagoga ga malwetsi a le mantsi a a tshwanang le one ano a CFS, bontsi jwa one a le kwa United States. Mme a ne a nna gone gape le kwa England, Iceland, Denmark, Germany, Australia, le Greece. Maina a go tlhalosa bolwetsi jono e ne e le bolwetsi jwa Iceland, bolwetsi jwa Akureyri, bolwetsi jwa Royal Free, le a mangwe.

Bosheng fela jaana, ka 1984 mo e ka nnang batho ba le 200 mo toropong e nnye ya Incline Village, gaufi le molelwane o o fa gare ga California le Nevada, ba ne ba lwala bolwetsi jo bo tshwanang le jwa mofikela jo bo neng jwa nna lobaka lo loleele. “Re ne re ba itse e le bagolo ba ba dirang ka natla, ba ba itumetseng, ba ba matlhagatlhaga,” go tlhalosa jalo Dr. Cheney, ebong ngaka e e neng e berekana le ba le bantsi ba bone. “Go ise go e kae ba a lwala mme ga ba fole. Mo mabakeng mangwe ba ne ba fufula thata jaana fa go le bosigo mo e leng gore balekane ba bone ba lenyalo ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go tsoga mme ba fetole malao a bone.”

Bangwe ka lonyatso ba ne ba bitsa go tlhagoga gono ga bolwetsi kwa Incline Village ba re ke mofikela wa Yuppie, ereka o ne o ama thata batho ba basha, ba ba mo magareng, ba ba santseng ba tlhatlogela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo. Go ne go akanngwa gore balwetsi ba ka nna ba bo ba tshwerwe ke mononucleosis e e bogale e e tshelanwang, mme e ne ya re fa ba lekwa go bona gore a ba na le bolwetsi joo ga fitlhelwa gore bontsi jwa bone ga ba na jone. Lefa go ntse jalo, diteko tsa madi a bone di ne tsa bontsha gore ba na le ditwantshi tse dikgolo tsa megare ya Epstein-Barr, mofuta wa megare ya herpes. Ka gone, ka lobakanyana lo lo rileng lwa nako, bolwetsi jono bo ne bo itsege gotlhe jaaka Epstein-Barr e e nnetseng ruri.

Bolwetsi Jono Bo Simolola go Elwatlhoko

Fa Dr. Cheney a ne a begela CDC gore go ne go diregang kwa Incline Village, go ne ga simolola ba sa dumele go le go kalo seo pego ya gagwe e se bolelang. Mme go tswa mo nageng eo yotlhe, ka bonako fela go ne ga amogelwa dipego tse di buang ka bothata jo bo tshwanang jwa pholo.

Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dipatlisiso di ne tsa bontsha gore megare ya Epstein-Barr gantsi e ne e se yone e e bakang bolwetsi jono. Tota ebile, megare eno e gone mo e ka nnang go 95 lekgolong ya batho ba ba godileng. E nna e ntse e iketlile mo mebeleng ya batho. “Fa e yang go tsoga gone,” go ne ga tlhalosa jalo ngaka nngwe e e dirang dipatlisiso tsa bolwetsi jwa CFS, “e ka feleletsa e bakile bolwetsi jono.” Mme eseng ka metlha.

Go ile ga dirwa dipatlisiso tse dintsi go bona gore bolwetsi jwa CFS bo bakwa ke eng. Ka ntlha ya moo, dingaka di le dintsi di lemoga gore gongwe mo e ka nnang batho ba le dimilione ba na le bothata jo bogolo jwa kalafi. Dr. Walter Wilson, eleng moitseanapemogolo wa malwetsi a a tshelanwang kwa Tliliniking ya Mayo kwa Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A., o bolela gore o fetotse tsela eo a neng a leba dilo ka yone pele. Fa a bona batho ba le bantsi jaana ba tlhoka thuso eo e ba jelang madi a mantsintsi jaana, o bolela gore, “o tshwanetse wa ba tshwara ka tsela ya go tlotla seo se ba tshwereng.”

Go a bonala gore, batho ba le bantsi ba bolawa ke bolwetsi jo bo nang le ditemotshi tse di tshwanang tse di tlhagelelang mo bathong ba le bantsi. CDC e amogela diketekete tsa megala e tlhalosa ka tsela e boemo bo leng ka yone kgwedi nngwe le nngwe, mme ke AIDS fela e e dirang gore go bodiwe thata ka yone kwa U.S. National Institutes of Health. “Go na le sengwe se se diregang,” go tlhalosa jalo Dr. Walter Gunn, yo o neng a tlhokometse dipatlisiso tse di dirwang ka bolwetsi jwa CFS kwa CDC pele ga a tlogela tiro bosheng fela jaana. “Mme lefa go ntse jalo ga go bonale sentle gore a ke bolwetsi bo le bongwe kana ke a le mmalwa, gore a bo bakwa ke selo se le sengwe kana di le mmalwa.”

Bangwe ba dumela gore bolwetsi jwa CFS ke bothata jo bo amanang thatathata le boboko. American Journal of Psychiatry ya December 1991 e ne ya bolela jaana: “Bakwadi bangwe ba bolela gore bolwetsi jwa go lapisega go go nnetseng ruri bo tla tshwana fela le neurasthenia—ga bo ye go tlwaelega ereka go bonala gore bontsi jwa bao bo ba tshwarang ba nna le mathata a magolo a malwetsi a tlhaloganyo.” Mme buka e ntšha ya From Paralysis to Fatigue, e tlhalosa bolwetsi jwa CFS jaaka “bolwetsi jo bo simololang go tlwaelega,” a bolela gore ga e kitla e nna bolwetsi jo bogolo go le go kalo.

A bolwetsi jwa CFS ke bothata jo bo amanang le bolwetsi jwa tlhaloganyo thata? A ditemotshi tsa jone gantsi di nna gone ka ntlha ya go utlwa pelo botlhoko? A CFS ke bolwetsi jwa mmatota?