Baptais Bilong Clovis—1,500 Yia Bilong Lotu Katolik Long Frans
“LONG nem bilong Pop, pairap.” Ol i lukim dispela rait wantaim wanpela bom insait long wanpela haus lotu long Frans em Pop John-Paul Namba 2 i laik go lukim long Septemba 1996. Dispela pasin i kamapim moa yet olsem sampela i nolaik tru long pop i kam long Frans, winim pasin ol i bin mekim long namba 5 taim em i bin kam. Tasol maski sampela i no laikim pop i kam long Frans, inap 200,000 manmeri i bin kam long biktaun Reims long dispela yia bilong mekim bung wantaim pop bilong tingim olsem 1,500 yia bipo, King Clovis bilong lain Frank i bin kamap wanpela Katolik. Dispela king em ol i kolim baptais bilong em olsem baptais bilong Frans, em i husat? Na i gat wanem as na dispela samting i bin kirapim bikpela tok pait?
Bikpela Gavman i Lusim Strong
Mama i karim Clovis long 466 C.E. samting. Em i pikinini man bilong Childeric Namba 1, em king bilong ol Salian bilong lain Frank bilong Jemani. Taim ol Rom i daunim pinis dispela lain Jeman long 358 C.E., ol Rom i larim ol i sindaun long hap nau yumi kolim Beljam, tasol ol i mas was long boda, na sampela bilong ol i mas kamap soldia long ami bilong Rom. Ol Frank i bung wantaim ol Galo-Rom bilong dispela hap na dispela i mekim na isi isi ol i kisim pasin bilong ol man bilong Rom. Childeric Namba 1 i wok wantaim ol Rom na helpim ol long rausim ol narapela lain Jeman, olsem ol Visigot na ol Sakson, em ol i laik kam insait long hap bilong ol. Dispela i mekim na ol Galo-Rom i tenkyu long em.
Gaul em wanpela provins bilong Rom na em i kirap long wara Rhine long hap not na i go inap long ples maunten Pyrenees long hap saut. Tasol long 454 C.E., Jeneral Aetius bilong Rom i dai pinis na dispela i mekim na i no gat man i bosim Gaul. Na tu, long 476 C.E., taim ol i daunim laspela bikpela king bilong Rom, em Romulus Augustulus, na Bikpela Gavman Rom long hap wes i pinis, dispela i mekim na gavman long Gaul i no wok gut moa. Orait nau rot i op long wanpela bilong ol lain i sindaun long Gaul i ken kirap na bosim dispela hap. Olsem na taim Clovis i kisim ples bilong papa bilong em, em i kirap skruim kingdom bilong em i go bikpela moa. Long 486 C.E. em i daunim laspela mausman bilong Rom long Gaul, long wanpela pait klostu long biktaun Soissons. Dispela i mekim na nau em inap bosim olgeta hap namel long wara Somme, long hap not, na wara Loire, long sentral na westen Gaul.
Clovis i Kamap King
Ol Frank i bihainim yet lotu haiden; ol i no bihainim ol narapela lain Jeman na kamap Katolik, nogat. Tasol Clovis i maritim Clotilda, pikinini meri bilong king bilong lain Burgundi, na dispela i mekim na bikpela senis i kamap long laip bilong em. Clotilda em i strongpela Katolik na em i wok strong long kirapim man bilong em long kamap Katolik. Stori em Gregory Bilong Tours i raitim bihain long yia 500 C.E. i kamapim olsem, long 496 C.E., long pait bilong Tolbiac (Zülpich, Jemani), Clovis i pait long lain Alemani na em i tok promis long lusim lotu haiden sapos God bilong Clotilda i helpim em long winim pait. Maski ami bilong Clovis i laik lus long pait, ol i kilim i dai king bilong ol Alemani na ami bilong em i putim ol yet long han bilong Clovis. Em nau, Clovis i ting God bilong Clotilda i helpim em long winim pait. Olsem stori bilong ol tumbuna i kamapim, “Santu” Remigius i baptaisim Clovis long bikpela haus lotu long Reims, long Disemba 25, 496 C.E. Tasol sampela i ting dispela samting i bin kamap bihain liklik, long 498 o 499 C.E.
Clovis i laik kisim kingdom bilong Burgundi long hap bilong saut-is, tasol em i no inap. Tasol taim em i go pait long ol Visigot na daunim ol long 507 C.E., long Vouillé, klostu long Poitiers, dispela i givim rot long em long bosim klostu olgeta hap bilong Gaul long hap saut-is. Bilong tingim dispela samting Clovis i bin mekim, bikpela king bilong Isten Gavman Rom, em Anastasius, i givim wok king long em i gat bikpela namba. Orait nau em i holim namba i winim bilong olgeta narapela king long hap bilong wes, na long ai bilong ol Galo-Rom bilong dispela hap, dispela namba i stret wantaim lo.
Taim Clovis i kirap bosim hap graun ol Frank i sindaun long en long hap bilong wara Rhine long hap is, em i makim Paris long kamap nambawan biktaun bilong em. Long ol laspela yia bilong em i stap laip, em i strongim kingdom bilong em taim em i givim wanpela buk lo long lain bilong en, em Lex Salica, na em i mekim wanpela bung bilong lotu long Orléans bilong kamapim klia olsem Sios i mas i stap olsem wanem long Gavman. Taim em i dai long Novemba 27, 511 C.E., em wanpela tasol i stap king bilong bikpela hap bilong Gaul.
Buk The New Encyclopædia Britannica i tok, taim Clovis i kamap Katolik, “dispela em i wanpela bikpela samting tru i bin kamap long westen Yurop.” I gat wanem as na taim dispela king haiden i kamap Katolik, dispela em i wanpela bikpela samting? Em i bikpela samting, long wanem, Clovis i laik bihainim lotu Katolik, em i no bihainim bilip bilong Arius.
Tok Pait Long Bilip Bilong Arius
Long 320 C.E., Arius, em wanpela pris long Aleksandria, Isip, em i kirap long autim wanpela bilip i narapela kain long bilip bilong God Triwan. Arius i sakim dispela tingting olsem Pikinini i bilong wanpela bodi wantaim Papa. Pikinini em i no God o bikpela olsem Papa, long wanem, em i bin kamap nupela long wanpela taim. (Kolosi 1:15) Arius i bilip olsem spirit holi em i wanpela man, tasol i no bikpela olsem Papa na Pikinini. Planti man i laikim dispela bilip, tasol lain bilong sios i birua long en. Long 325 C.E., long Kibung Bilong Naisia, ol i rausim Arius i go long narapela kantri na tambuim dispela bilip bilong em.a
Tasol dispela i no pinisim tok pait. Dispela tok pait bilong bilip i stap inap 60 yia moa—sampela king i orait long dispela bilip bilong Arius na sampela nogat. Bihain, long 392 C.E., Bikpela King Theodosius Namba 1 i mekim lotu Katolik wantaim bilip bilong en long God Triwan i kamap olsem lotu bilong Bikpela Gavman Rom. Insait long dispela taim, wanpela bisop, em Ulfilas bilong Jemani, em i bin kirapim ol Got long kisim bilip bilong Arius. Sampela lain Jeman moa i kirap kwik na bihainim dispela kain lotu ol i kolim Kristen.b
Long taim bilong Clovis, bikpela hevi i painim Misin Katolik long Gaul. Ol Visigot i bihainim bilip bilong Arius, ol i bin wok long daunim lotu Katolik olsem: Taim wanpela bisop i dai, ol i no larim narapela long kisim ples bilong em. Na tu, nau i gat tupela pop, na long Rom ol pris bilong narapela pop i kilim i dai ol pris bilong narapela pop. Na samting i mekim na dispela hevi i go bikpela i olsem: Sampela Katolik bilong raitim stori i bin tok olsem yia 500 C.E. bai makim pinis bilong dispela graun. Olsem na taim Clovis i winim pait na i kamap Katolik, ol i ting dispela i makim olsem wanpela gutpela samting bai kamap, olsem “nupela milenium bilong ol santu.”
Tasol wanem samting tru tru i kirapim Clovis long kamap Katolik? Tru, em i tingim ol samting bilong lotu, tasol bikpela samting em i tingim, em ol samting bilong wok politik. Taim Clovis i kamap Katolik, dispela i mekim na ol Galo-Rom bilong dispela hap, em ol i Katolik, ol i laikim em, na ol pris na bisop tu i sapotim em. Dispela i helpim em long daunim ol birua bilong em long wok politik. Buk The New Encyclopædia Britannica i tok: “Taim em i pait na kisim provins Gaul, dispela i helpim ol man na ol i no stap aninit moa long strong bilong lain bilong Arius, em ol i bel nogut tru long ol.”
Clovis i Wanem Kain Man?
Taim ol i wok long redi long dispela bung i kamap long 1996, asbisop bilong Reims, em Gérard Defois, em i tok Clovis ‘i stap gutpela piksa olsem man i tingting gut pastaim na bihain em i kamap Katolik.’ Tasol Ernest Lavisse bilong Frans, em man bilong raitim stori bilong ol samting i bin kamap bipo, em i tok: “Taim Clovis i kamap Katolik, em i no senisim pasin bilong em. Gutpela pasin isi ol tok bilong Gutnius i kirapim ol man long bihainim, dispela i no mekim wok insait long bel bilong em.” Narapela saveman i tok: “Em i no singaut moa long Odin [wanpela god bilong ol Nos], nau em i singaut long Krais, tasol pasin bilong em i stap olsem yet.” Wankain olsem Konstantin i mekim taim em i kamap Kristen, Clovis tu i wok long strongim wok king bilong em na em i kilim i dai ol man em ol inap kisim wok king bilong em. Em i kilim i dai “olgeta wanblut bilong em, na ol wanpisin tu.”
Taim Clovis i dai pinis, ol i kamapim sampela stori nating bilong mekim olsem em i wanpela santu i gat nem, na em i no olsem wanpela man bilong pait na mekim nogut long ol man. Inap 100 yia bihain, Gregory Bilong Tours i raitim wanpela stori i bungim Clovis wantaim Konstantin, em namba wan bikpela king bilong Rom i bin kisim lotu “Kristen.” Gregory i tok Clovis i gat 30 krismas taim em i kisim baptais, na i olsem Gregory i laik tok olsem Clovis i wankain olsem Krais.—Luk 3:23.
Bihain long yia 800, Hincmar, bisop bilong Reims, i kirap skruim sampela tok moa long dispela stori bilong Clovis. Em i raitim wanpela buk i stori long man em i kisim ples bilong em, em “Santu” Remigius. Long dispela taim, ol bikpela haus lotu i save resis long pulim planti man, olsem na ating Hincmar i raitim dispela buk bilong givim biknem moa long haus lotu bilong em na pulim planti mani moa. Buk i tok, taim Clovis i kisim baptais, wanpela waitpela pisin balus i bringim wanpela botol wel i kam bilong makim Clovis long kamap king—dispela i olsem stori bilong taim spirit holi i kam daun na i makim Jisas. (Matyu 3:16) Long dispela rot Hincmar i bungim Clovis, Reims, na wok king wantaim, bilong strongim dispela tingting olsem Bikpela yet i bin makim Clovis long kamap king.c
Bung i Kirapim Tok Pait
Charles de Gaulle, bipo em presiden bilong Frans, em i tok: “Long tingting bilong mi, stori bilong Frans i kirap long Clovis, em ol man bilong lain Frank i makim em long kamap king bilong Frans na ol i givim nem bilong ol long Frans.” Tasol i no olgeta man i gat dispela tingting. Bung bilong makim olsem 1,500 yia bipo Clovis i kisim baptais, dispela i kamapim bikpela toktok. Long 1905, gavman long Frans i putim tok na Sios na Gavman i no ken pas moa wantaim—ol i mas bruk na stap narapela narapela, olsem na planti man long dispela kantri ol i toktok planti long Gavman i insait long wanpela bung em long tingting bilong ol em wanpela bung bilong lotu. Taim ol kaunsil bilong Reims i tokaut olsem ol bai baim ples bilong pop i ken sanap long en na mekim tok, wanpela lain i kisim dispela i go long kot na kot i tokaut olsem samting ol kaunsil i laik mekim, dispela i brukim lo bilong gavman. Sampela moa i pilim olsem sios i laik strong gen long ol Frans i mas aninit long sios. Na sampela i gat tok long lain National Front na sampela lain Katolik, long wanem, ol i bin kisim Clovis olsem wanpela mak bilong lain bilong ol.
Sampela moa i gat tok long dispela bung. Ol i tok, baptais bilong Clovis i no kirapim ol man bilong Frans long kamap Katolik, long wanem, longtaim pinis dispela lotu i bin stap namel long ol Galo-Rom. Na ol i tok baptais bilong Clovis i no makim Frans i kamap wanpela kantri i bosim em yet. Ol i tok Frans i kamap wanpela kantri taim kingdom bilong Charlemagne i bruk i go long tupela lain long 843 C.E., na Charles the Bald i kamap namba wan king bilong Frans, Clovis nogat.
1,500 Yia Bilong Lotu Katolik
Lotu Katolik long Frans i bin stap inap 1,500 yia pinis olsem “namba wan pikinini meri bilong Sios,” tasol long nau dispela lotu i stap olsem wanem long Frans? I kam inap long 1938, Frans i gat planti Katolik i baptais pinis, winim ol narapela kantri. Nau Frans i stap namba 6—ol kantri olsem Filipin na Amerika i winim Frans. Tru, i gat 45 milion Katolik long Frans, tasol 6 milion tasol i save go long Misa. Nau tasol wanpela lain i skelim ol Katolik long Frans na ol i kisim save olsem 65 pesen “ol i no bihainim tok bilong Sios long ol samting bilong marit,” na 5 pesen i ting Jisas em i ‘wanpela man nating tasol.’ Kain tingting olsem i kirapim pop taim em i kam long Frans long 1980 long askim olsem: “Frans, yu bin mekim wanem long ol tok promis bilong baptais bilong yu?”
[Ol Futnot]
a Lukim Wastaua (tok Inglis), Ogas 1, 1984, pes 24.
b Lukim Wastaua, Me 15, 1994, pes 8-9.
c Ol i kisim nem Louis long dispela nem Clovis, em 19 king bilong Frans (tupela em Louis Namba 17 na Louis-Philippe) ol i kisim dispela nem.
[Mep long pes 27]
(Bilong save ol dispela rait i stap we long pes, lukim buk o magasin)
OL SAKSON
Wara Rhine
Wara Somme
Soissons
Reims
Paris
GAUL
Wara Loire
Vouillé
Poitiers
PYRENEES
OL VISIGOT
Rom
[Piksa long pes 26]
Baptais bilong Clovis olsem wanpela pepa bilong yia 1300 samting i makim
[Kredit Lain]
© Cliché Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris
[Piksa long pes 28]
Piksa bilong makim baptais bilong Clovis (namel) long banis bilong haus lotu long Reims, Frans
[Piksa long pes 29]
Taim John Paul Namba 2 i go long Frans bilong mekim bung bilong tingim baptais bilong Clovis, dispela i kirapim bikpela tok pait