Maliferensi gha Kabuku ka Maungano Uteŵeti na Umoyo Wachikhristu
MALICHI 6-12
MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | 1 MIDAUKO 23–26
“Vinthu Vikamba Kwenda Makora Chomene pa Tempile”
it-2-E 241
Ŵalevi
Davide wakanozga makora chomene mulimo wa Ŵalevi, ndipo wakasora ŵalaŵiliri, ŵalaraŵalara, ŵeruzgi, ŵalinda ŵa pa vipata na ŵakusunga ndalama. Kweniso wakasora ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵanandi kuti ŵawovwirenge ŵasembe pa tempile, mu maluŵaza, kweniso mu vipinda vyakulyeramo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakawovwirangaso pa mulimo wa kupeleka vyawanangwa, sembe, kutozga vinthu vyose vyakupatulika, kupima uzito wa vinthu, na ntchito zakupambanapambana za ulinda. Ŵalevi awo ŵakimbanga ŵakaŵa mu magulu 24, nga umo vikaŵira na ŵasembe ndipo ŵakateŵeteranga mwakusinthana. Pakugaŵa milimo iyi ŵakachitanga mphenduzga. Magulu gha ŵalinda ŵa pa vipata nagho ghakasankhikanga mwakuyana waka.—1Mi 23; 25; 26; 2Mi 35:3-5, 10.
it-2-E 686
Wasembe
Pa mulimo wa pa tempile ŵasembe ŵakachitanga milimo yakupambanapambana. Ŵakachitanga mphenduzga pakugaŵa milimo yinyake. Pakaŵanga magulu 24, ndipo gulu lililose likagwiranga sabata yimoza ndipo pa chaka gulu lililose likagwiranga kaŵiri. Vikulongora kuti magulu ghose gha ŵasembe ghakateŵeteranga pa nyengo ya viphikiro vya pa chaka apo pakaŵanga sembe zinandi izo ŵanthu ŵakapelekanga nga umo ŵakachitiranga pa nyengo ya kupatulira tempile. (1Mi 24:1-18, 31; 2Mi 5:11; yaniskani na 2Mi 29:31-35; 30:23-25; 35:10-19.) Nyengo zinyake wasembe wakachitangaso milimo yinyake chikuru yikatimbanizganga yayi milimo ya usembe iyo wakapika. Mwakuyana na kaluso ka ŵarabi, mu nyengo ya Yesu, ŵasembe ŵakaŵa ŵanandi chomene mwakuti mulimo wa ŵasembe ukagaŵikanga mu mbumba zakupambanapambana, mbumba yiliyose yikateŵeteranga zuŵa limoza panji kujumphirapo kuyana na unandi wawo.
it-2-E 451-452
Sumu
Pakunozgekera vinthu ivyo vikakhumbikwanga pa kuzenga tempile la Yehova, Davide wakaŵika Ŵalevi 4,000 pa uteŵeti wakwimba sumu. (1Mi 23:4, 5) Pa ŵanthu aŵa 288 “ŵakasambizgika kwimbira Yehova, wose ŵaluso pakwimba.” (1Mi 25:7) Mulimo wose uwu ukalongozgekanga na ŵanthu ŵatatu awo ŵakamanyanga vyakwimba, Asafu, Hemani, na Yedutuni (uyo wakwenera kuti wakachemekangaso Etani). Pakuti waliyose mwa ŵanalume aŵa wakafuma mu yimoza mwa mphapu ya ŵana ŵanalume ŵa Levi, awo ŵakaŵa Gerishomu, Kohati, na Merari, lekani ŵakasankhika kuti ŵalongozgenge pa mulimo wakwimba pa tempile. (1Mi 6:16, 31-33, 39-44; 25:1-6) Ŵana ŵa ŵana ŵanalume ŵatatu aŵa ŵakaŵapo 24, ndipo wose ŵakaŵa pa gulu la ŵanthu 288 awo ŵakaŵa ŵaluso pakwimba. Ŵakachitanga mphenduzga pakusankha mwana waliyose kuti waŵe mulongozgi wa gulu lakwimba. Mwakulongozgeka na mwana uyo wasankhika uyu, pakasankhikangaso ŵanthu 11 “ŵaluso pakwimba,” kufuma mu ŵana ŵake kweniso Ŵalevi ŵanyake. Ntheura nga umo vikaŵira na ŵasembe, Ŵalevi ŵaluso pakwimba 288 ([1 + 11] × 24 = 288) nawo ŵakagaŵika mu magulu 24 gha makalasi ghakusambizga sumu. Usange ŵanthu 3,712 ‘awo ŵakasambiranga’ ŵakagaŵika, ndikuti pa gulu lililose pa magulu 24, pa avereji pakaŵa ŵanthu pafupifupi 155, icho chikung’anamura kuti munthu yumoza waluso pakwimba wakasambizganga Ŵalevi 13 kwimba sumu. (1Mi 25:1-31) Pakuti ŵakulizga mbata ŵakaŵa ŵasembe, nawo ndikuti tingaŵasazga pa gulu la Ŵalevi ŵakwimba.—2Mi 5:12; yaniskani na Maŵ 10:8.
it-1-E 898
Mulinda wa pa Chipata
Mu Tempile. Apo likaŵa pafupi kufwa, Themba Davide likaŵika Ŵalevi na ŵateŵeti ŵa pa tempile kweniso ŵalinda ŵa pa vipata, ndipo pamoza ŵakakwana 4,000. Mu magulu ghawo ŵakagwiranga mazuŵa 7 panyengo yimoza. Mulimo wawo ukaŵa kulinda nyumba ya Yehova na kuwoneseska kuti vijaro vyajulika na kujalika panyengo yake. (1Mi 9:23-27; 23:1-6) Padera pa mulimo wa ulinda, ŵanyake ŵakapweleleranga vyakupeleka ivyo ŵanthu ŵakizanga navyo pa tempile. (2Ma 12:9; 22:4) Pamanyuma, Yehoyada wati wimika Yehowashi kuŵa themba, wakaŵika ŵalinda ŵapadera kuti ŵalindenge pa vipata vya pa tempile kuti ŵavikilire mwana Yehowashi kwa Fumukazi Ataliya uyo wakahara chitengo cha ufumu icho chikaŵa chake yayi. (2Ma 11:4-8) Themba Yosiya lati laparanya vikozgo ivyo ŵanthu ŵakasopanga, ŵalinda ŵa pa milyango ŵakawovwira kuwuskamo mu tempile vinthu vyose ivyo ŵakavigwiliskiranga ntchito pa kusopa Baala. Pamanyuma vinthu ivi ŵakaviwotchera kuwaro kwa msumba.—2Ma 23:4.
MALICHI 20-26
MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | 2 MIDAUKO 1–4
“Themba Solomoni Likasankha Vinthu Mwambura Vinjeru”
it-1-E 174 ¶5
Ŵankhondo
Mu muwuso wa Solomoni vinthu vikasintha chomene pa nkhani ya ŵankhondo Ŵaisrayeli. Mu nyengo ya muwuso wake kukaŵa mtende, kweni wakasazgirapo mahachi na magileta ghanandi. Ghanandi mwa mahachi agha ghakagulikanga kufuma ku Eguputo. Ŵakeneranga kuzenga mu misumba yose kuti ŵasungiremo magileta na mahachi ghankhondo. (1Ma 4:26; 9:19; 10:26, 29; 2Mi 1:14-17) Nangauli vikaŵa nthena, kweni Yehova wakatumbika yayi Solomoni chifukwa cha ivi, ndipo wati wafwa ufumu wake ukagaŵikana kweniso ŵankhondo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakachepa nkhongono. Pamanyuma Yesaya wakalemba kuti: “Soka ku awo ŵakukhilira ku Eguputo kupenja wovwiri, awo ŵakuthemba mahachi, awo ŵakugomezga magileta ghankhondo, chifukwa chakuti nganandi, na mahachi ghankhondo chifukwa ngankhongono. Kweni ŵakulaŵiska chara kwa Mutuŵa wa Israyeli, ndipo ŵakupenja yayi Yehova.”—Yes 31:1.
it-1-E 427
Gileta
Nyengo zose mu Israyeli mukaŵavyanga magileta ghanandi. Kweni mu nyengo ya Solomoni mukaŵa magileta ghanandi. Mu Israyeli mukaŵavya magileta ghanandi chifukwa Chiuta wakachenjezga kuti themba lingajiwunjikiranga mahachi ghanandi yayi, nga ni para kuti ndigho ghaŵavikilirenge. Dango ili likapangiska kuti magileta ghaleke kugwiliskika ntchito chomene, chifukwa chakuti mahachi ndigho ghakagwiliskikanga ntchito kuguza magileta. (Do 17:16) Apo Samuyeli wakachenjezganga ŵanthu za masuzgo agho mathemba gha ŵanthu ghangiziska, wakaŵaphalira kuti: “Lizamutora ŵana ŵinu ŵanalume na kuŵaŵika mu gileta lake.” (1Sa 8:11) Apo Abisalomu na Adoniya ŵakakhumbanga kupoka ufumu, ŵakajipangira magileta, na ŵanalume 50 kuti ŵachimbirenge panthazi pake. (2Sa 15:1; 1Ma 1:5) Davide wati wathereska themba la Zoba, wakalekapo waka magileta gha mahachi 100.—2Sa 8:3, 4; 10:18.
Themba Solomoni likasazgirako magileta ndipo ghakakwana 1,400 kuti likhozge ŵankhondo ŵa Israyeli. (1Ma 10:26, 29; 2Mi 1:14, 17) Padera pa Yerusalemu, misumba yinyake yikamanyikwanga kuti misumba ya magileta ndipo yikaŵa na vinthu vyose vyakuzirwa vyakovwira kupwelelera vyankhondo.—1Ma 9:19, 22; 2Mi 8:6, 9; 9:25.
MALICHI 27–EPULERO 2
MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | 2 MIDAUKO 5–7
‘Mtima Wane Uŵenge Kwenekuko Nyengo Zose’
it-2-E 1077-1078
Tempile
Mdauko. Tempile ili likaŵa kuti lichalipo m’paka mu 607 B.C.E ndipo likaparanyika na ŵankhondo ŵa Babuloni pasi pa muwuso wa Themba Nebukadinezara. (2Ma 25:9; 2Mi 36:19; Yer 52:13) Pakuti Ŵaisrayeli ŵakamba kusopa ŵangoza, Chiuta ŵakazomerezga mitundu yinyake kuti yiyuzge Yuda na Yerusalemu ndipo nyengo zinyake mitundu iyi yikapokanga vinthu vyakuzirwa vya mu tempile. Kweniso tempile nalo likajowoleka kwa nyengo yitali. Themba Shishaki la ku Eguputo likatora usambazi wa mu tempile (993 B.C.E.) mu mazuŵa gha Rehobowamu mwana wa Solomoni. Ivi vikachitika pati pajumpha vyaka 33 kufuma apo ŵakajulira tempile. (1Ma 14:25, 26; 2Mi 12:9) Themba Asa (977-937 B.C.E.) likachindikanga nyumba ya Yehova, kweni kuti livikilire Yerusalemu likachita uchindere pakutora siliva na golide kufuma mu usambazi wa mu tempile na kuhonga kwa Themba Beni-hadadi I la Siriya. Likachita ivi kuti limazge phangano ilo likaŵapo na Basha themba la Israyeli.—1Ma 15:18, 19; 2Mi 15:17, 18; 16:2, 3.
EPULERO 10-16
MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | 2 MIDAUKO 8–9
“Yikazirwiskanga Chomene Vinjeru”
w99-E 11/1 20 ¶4
Para Ŵanthu Ŵali na Mtima Wakupeleka
Fumukazi ya ku Sheba yikajipeleka chomene pakumalira nyengo yake kukawona Solomoni. Vikuwoneka kuti Sheba wakaŵa mu charu icho sono chikuchemeka Republic of Yemen. Ntheura fumukazi iyi na ngamira zake yikenda mtunda wa makilomita 1,600 kuluta ku Yerusalemu. Nga umo Yesu wakayowoyera, fumukazi ya ku Sheba, “yikafuma ku vigoti vya charu chapasi.” Kasi fumukazi ya ku Sheba yikajisuzgirachi kwenda mtunda utali wose uwu? Yikachita nthena kuti “kuti yizakapulike vinjeru vya Solomoni.”—Luka 11:31.
w99-E 7/1 30 ¶4-5
Ulendo Uwo Ukaŵa Wakuzirwa Chomene
Mulimose umo vikaŵira, fumukazi yikafika ku Yerusalemu “na wumba ukuru, ngamila izo zikanyamura mafuta gha basamu, golide linandi chomene na malibwe ghakuzirwa.” (1 Mathemba 10:2a) Ŵanyake ŵakuti mazgu ghakuti “wumba ukuru” ghakulongora kuti ŵasilikari ndiwo ŵakamupelekezga. Ichi ntchakupulikikwa, chifukwa fumukazi iyi yikaŵa yakuchindikika chomene kweniso yikendanga na katundu wapachanya wa ndalama mamiliyoni ghanandi.
Kweni manyani kuti, fumukazi iyi yikapulika mbiri ya Solomoni ‘yakukhwaskana na zina la Yehova.’ Ntheura ulendo ukaŵa wakukachita malonda yayi. Ntchakuwonekerathu kuti fumukazi iyi yikizira kuzakapulika vinjeru vya Solomoni, kweniso panji kuti yizakasambireko vyakukhwaskana na Chiuta wa Solomoni Yehova. Pakuti fumukazi iyi yikwenera kuti yikababikira mu mzere wa Shemu panji Hamu awo ŵakasopanga Yehova, yikwenera kuti yikanweka chomene kuti yimanye vinandi vyakukhwaskana na chisopa cha ŵasekuru ŵake.
w99-E 7/1 30-31
Ulendo Uwo Ukaŵa Wakuzirwa Chomene
Fumukazi ya ku Sheba yikazizwa chomene na vinjeru vya Solomoni kweniso usambazi wa uthemba wake mwakuti “yikati waka pwaza!” (1 Mathemba 10:4, 5) Ŵanji ŵakuti mazgu agha ghakung’anamura kuti fumukazi “yikatondeka kuthuta.” Kaswiri munyake wakusachizga kuti fumukazi yikafenta. Mphake kuti ŵanthu ŵakusachizga nthena, chifukwa fumukazi yikazizikika chomene na ivyo yikawona na kupulika. Iyo yikati ŵateŵeti ŵa Solomoni mbakukondwa chifukwa ŵakapulikanga vinjeru vya themba ndipo fumukazi iyi yikatumbika Yehova pakuŵika Solomoni pa chitengo. Paumaliro fumukazi yikapeleka vyawanangwa kwa themba, golide ilo pasono lingakwana ndalama za madola 40,000,000. Solomoni nayo wakapeleka vyawanangwa kwa fumukazi “chilichose icho yikakhumba na chilichose icho yikapempha.”—1Ma 10:6-13.
it-2-E 990-991
Solomoni
Fumukazi yati yawona kutowa kwa tempile kweniso nyumba ya Solomoni, vyakurya vya pa thebulu lake, kachitiro ka ŵakupelekera vyakumwa na kavwaliro kawo, sembe zakotcha izo ŵakapelekanga pa tempile, “mzimu [wake] ukaŵamoso chara mwa iyo.” Ntheura yikayowoya kuti: “Wonani, ivyo nkhaphalirika vikukwana yayi na hafu. Waluska chomene mu vinjeru na usambazi kuluska ivyo nkhapulika.” Ndipo yikayowoyaso kuti mbakukondwa ŵateŵeti awo ŵakuteŵetera themba la nthena ili. Chifukwa cha ivi likalumba na kuchindika Yehova Chiuta, uyo wakalongora chitemwa kwa Israyeli pakusora Solomoni kuŵa themba kuti leruzgenge na kuchita urunji.—1Ma 10:4-9; 2Mi 9:3-8.
Ivyo Tasambira
it-2-E 1097
Chitengo
Chitengo cha uthemba cha muwusi wa Israyeli icho chikulongosoreka makora chomene ni icho Solomoni wakapanga. (1Ma 10:18-20; 2Mi 9:17-19) Vikuwoneka kuti ‘Khonde la Chitengo Chaufumu,’ likaŵa mu yimoza mwa nyumba izo zikaŵa kufupi na Phiri la Moriya ku Yerusalemu. (1Ma 7:7) Chitengo ichi ‘chikaŵa chikuru cha mino ya zovu ndipo chikamatika na golide lakwengeka makora ndipo chikaŵa na vyakuŵikapo mawoko uku na uku kweniso chikaŵa na kamtenje kumanyuma.’ Nangauli mino gha zovu ndigho ŵakagwiliskira ntchito pa chitengo ichi, kweni pakutolera umo vinthu vikaŵira pa tempile chitengo ichi ŵakapangira mathabwa, ndipo ŵakachimata na golide lakwengeka makora kweniso vinthu vinyake vyapachanya. Ntheura para munthu wakuchiwona chitengo ichi chikawonekanga nga kuti chose chapangika na mino gha zovu na golide. Baibolo lati lazunura za makwelero 6 agho ghakafikanga ku chitengo, likulutilira kuyowoyaso kuti: “Nkhalamu ziŵiri zikimikika pafupi na vyakuŵikapo mawoko. Mumphepete mwa makwelero 6 mukaŵa nkhalamu 12. Zikimikika uku na uku.” (2Mi 9:17-19) Nkhalamu izi zikimiranga kuti muwuso uwo ulipo ngwakuzomerezgeka. (Ge 49:9, 10; Chiv 5:5) Nkhalamu 12 zikwenera kuti zikwimira mafuko 12 gha Israyeli, kulongora kuti mafuko agha ngakujilambika kweniso kukhozgera muwusi uyo wali pa chitengo ichi. Chitengo ichi chikaŵa na chakukandapo malundi cha golide. Pakulongosora kuti chitengo ichi chikapangika na mino gha zovu na golide kweniso kuti chikaŵa na nkhalamu na kamtenje, vikulongora kuti chitengo ichi chikaluskanga vitengo vyose vya panyengo yira, kwali ni ivyo ŵanthu ŵakufukura vinthu vyapasi ŵali kusanga panji vinthu ivyo vikuwoneskeka ku malo uko ŵakusungirako vinthu vyakale panji vyakuchita kujobeka mu malibwe. Nga umo vili kulembekera mu buku la midauko: “Pakaŵavya ufumu unyake uwo ukapanga vinthu nga ni ivi.”—2Mi 9:19.
EPULERO 17-23
MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | 2 MIDAUKO 10–12
“Sangani Chandulo na Ulongozgi Wavinjeru”
w01-E 9/1 28-29
Umo Mungasankhira Vinthu Mwamahara
Yehova watipa ŵanthu ŵakukhwima mwauzimu mu mpingo awo ŵangatovwira kuti tisankhe mwamahara vinthu. (Efe 4:11, 12) Para tikufumba ulongozgi ku ŵanyithu, tikwenera yayi kulondezga awo ŵakutemwa kufumba ulongozgi ku ŵanthu ŵanandi na chilato chakuti ŵasange munthu uyo wangaŵaphalira ivyo ŵakhumbanga nakale kupulika. Pamanyuma ndipo ŵakwamba kulondezga ulongozgi uwo. Tikwenera kusambirako ku ivyo vikachitikira Rehobowamu. Pa nyengo iyo wakakhumbikwiranga kusankha pa nkhani yinyake yikuru, wakapokera ulongozgi uwemi kufuma kwa ŵanalume ŵalara awo ŵakateŵeteranga na adada ŵake. Kweni m’malo mwakuti walondezge ulongozgi wawo, iyo wakalondezga ulongozgi wa ŵanyamata ŵanthanga yake awo wakakulira nawo lumoza. Chifukwa chakuti wakalondezga ulongozgi wa ŵanthanga yake, wakasankha vinthu mwambura mahara. Ntheura paumaliro ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa mu chigaŵa cha ufumu wake ŵakamuchimbira.—1Ma 12:1-17.
Para tikupenja ulongozgi tikwenera kufumba ŵanthu awo ŵakumanapo na vinandi pa umoyo kweniso awo ŵakughamanya makora Malemba ndipo ŵakulondezga fundo za mu Baibolo. (Zi 1:5; 11:14; 13:20) Para ntchamachitiko, sangani nyengo na kughanaghanirapo pa fundo izo mulondezgenge kweniso izo mwasanga apo mwafufuzanga. Para mwamba kuwona vinthu mwakukolerana na fundo za mu Mazgu gha Yehova, mbwenu chimuŵiraninge chipusu kusankha vinthu mwamahara.—Fil 4:6, 7.
it-2-E 768 ¶1
Rehobowamu
Rehobowamu wakaŵa wakujikuzga ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵamuchimbire. Fuko la Yuda na Benjamini ndigho ghekha ghakalutilira kukhozgera nyumba ya Davide. Ŵasembe na Ŵalevi ŵa maufumu ghose na ŵanyake ŵachoko waka ŵa mu mafuko 10 nawo ŵakalutilira kukhozgera nyumba ya Davide.—1Ma 12:16, 17; 2Mi 10:16, 17; 11:13, 14, 16.
Ivyo Tasambira
it-1-E 966-967
Chiŵanda Chakukozgana na Mbuzi
Ivyo Joshuwa wakalemba pa Joshuwa 24:14 vikulongora kuti Ŵaisrayeli apo ŵakakhalanga ku Eguputo ŵakatimbanizgika na kusopa vikozgo kanyengo kachoko waka. Kweni ivyo Ezekiyeli wakalemba vikulongora kuti kusopa vikozgo uku, kukaŵatimbanizga Ŵaisrayeli kwa nyengo yitali. (Eze 23:8, 21) Pa chifukwa ichi ŵakaswiri ŵanyake ŵakuwona kuti dango ilo likapika ku Ŵaisrayeli mu mapopa lakuti ŵaleke kupeleka “sembe ku viŵanda vyakukozgana na mbuzi” (Le 17:1-7; 2Mi 11:15) kweniso fundo yakuti Yerobowamu wakimika ŵasembe kuti “ŵateŵetenge mu malo ghapachanya, kuteŵetera viŵanda vyakukozgana na mbuzi na vikozgo vya matholi ivyo wakapanga,” (2Mi 11:15) vikulongora kuti pakaŵa kusopa mbuzi pakati pa Ŵaisrayeli nga umo vikaŵira ku Eguputo. Herodotus (II, 46) wakayowoya kuti chifukwa cha chisopa chiheni cha Ŵaeguputo ichi, Ŵagiriki nawo ŵakatolera kasopero aka ndipo ŵakamba kusopa viŵanda vyakukozgana na mbuzi, kweniso na ŵachiuta ŵanyake ŵa uzaghali awo ŵakaŵanga na masengwe, muchira wa mbuzi na malundi ghakukozgana na gha mbuzi. Ŵanyake ŵakusachizga kuti kasopero aka ndiko ŵanthu ŵakamba kutolera na kwamba kujambura Satana mu vithuzi kuti wali na muchira, masengwe, kweniso vikandiro vyakugaŵikana. Ivi vikaŵa vyakuzara chomene ku awo ŵakatenge Mbakhristu mu nyengo zakumanyuma.
Vikumanyikwa yayi kuti weya wa mbuzi izi ukaŵa wuli chifukwa Baibolo likuyowoya yayi. Nangauli ŵanyake ŵakuwona kuti ni mbuzi zeneko panji vikozgo vyakukozgana na mbuzi kweni vikulongora kuti ndimo viliri yayi. Nakuti malemba ghakupelekapo ukaboni uliwose yayi pa nkhani iyi. Mazgu agha ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakasopanga vikozgo ivi ŵakawonanga kuti vikukozgana na mbuzi kweniso kuti vikawonekanga na weya. Panji mazgu ghakuti mbuzi mu nkhani iyi ghakwimira waka vikozgo vya mtundu uliwose. Ndipo nanga lingaŵa lizgu lakuti vikozgo ilo likusangika mu malo ghanandi lili kufuma ku lizgu ilo likung’anamura kuti ulongwe, nangauli ivi vikung’anamura kuti vikozgo vikapangikanga na ulongwe yayi.—Le 26:30; Do 29:17.