Nyamesom Gyina Ɔfã bi Akyi
GERMANY kɔtow hyɛɛ Poland so September 1, 1939, na ɛno na efii Wiase Ko II no ase. Adapɛn abiɛsa akyi no, The New York Times de asɛm bi too gua sɛ: “Asɔre Ahorow no Akanyan Germanfo Asraafo Kɛse.” So Germany asɔre ahorow no boaa Hitler akodi no ampa?
Friedrich Heer, Roma Katolekni abakɔsɛm ho ɔbenfo a ɔwɔ Vienna Sukuupɔn mu, gye toom sɛ wɔyɛɛ saa: “Wɔ Germanfo abakɔsɛm mu nokwasɛm ahorow a wontumi nnye ho kyim mu no, Mmeamudua ne swastika no bɛyɛɛ biako araa kosii sɛ swastika no fi Germanfo asɔredan atenten atifi kaa nkonimdi ho asɛm, na wɔde swastika frankaa sisii afɔrepon ho hyiae, a ná Katolekfo ne Protestantfo anyamekyerɛfo, asɔfo, asɔremma ne aman ananmusifo pene apam a wɔne Hitler yɛe no so.”
Nokwarem no, asɔre mpanyimfo boaa Hitler wɔ nneɛma a ɔyɛe wɔ ɔko no ho nyinaa mu, sɛnea Roma Katolekni ɔbenfo Gordon Zahn kyerɛwee no: “Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Germany Katolekni a ɔhwehwɛɛ honhom fam akwankyerɛ a ɛfa kyɛfa a wonya wɔ Hitler akodi no ho fii ne som mu mpanyimfo hɔ no benya mmuae ahorow te sɛ nea anka obenya afi Nasi sodifo no ankasa hɔ ara pɛ.”
Nyamesom Ahorow a Ɛwɔ Ɔfã Foforo No
Nanso dɛn na na asɔre ahorow a ɛwɔ aman a wɔko tiaa Germany mu no reka? The New York Times a ɛbae wɔ December 29, 1966 no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔ tete no, na bere nyinaa Katolek asɔre mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ mmeae ahorow gyina wɔn aman akyi wɔ akodi mu, hyira asraafo na wɔbɔ nkonimdi ho mpae ma wɔn, bere a asɔfopɔn kuw foforo a wɔwɔ ɔfã foforo bɔɔ mpae wɔ baguam sɛ wonni nkogu.”
So Vatican penee saa mmoa yi a wɔde maa asraafo a wɔko tiaa wɔn ho yi so? Susuw eyi ho hwɛ: Wɔ December 8, 1939, bere a Wiase Ko II fii ase akyi asram abiɛsa pɛ no, Pope Pius XII kyerɛw asɔfo krataa Asperis Commoti Anxietatibus. Ɔkyerɛw krataa no kɔmaa asɔfo a wɔyɛ asraafo a wɔwɔ aman a wɔredi ako no mu, na ɛhyɛɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ afanu no nyinaa sɛ wonnya wɔn asɔfopɔn a wɔyɛ asraafo no mu ahotoso. Krataa no tuu asɔfo no fo sɛ “sɛ́ nkurɔfo a wɔreko ma wɔn man no, wɔnko mma Asɔre no nso.”
Nyamesom taa de ahopere di kan boaboa aman ano ma akodi. Protestant sɔfo Harry Emerson Fosdick a waka baabi no gye toom sɛ: “Yɛde ɔko no ho frankaa asisi yɛn asɔredan ahorow mpo mu.” Na ɛdefa wiase nyinaa ko a edi kan no ho no, Frank P. Crozier, Britaniafo sahene abadiakyiri bi kae sɛ: “Kristofo Asɔre ahorow no ne nkurɔfo a wɔma wohwie mogya gu sen biara a yɛwɔ, na yɛde wɔn dii dwuma yiye.”
Nanso, ɛno yɛ nyamesom ho kyerɛwtohɔ a atwam. Na ɛdefa kyɛfa a anya wɔ akodi a ɛrekɔ so wɔ kan Yugoslavia adehyeman ahorow no mu nnansa yi, baabi a nnipa no mu dodow no ara yɛ Roma Katolekfo anaasɛ Ortodɔksfo no ho nso ɛ?
Nyamesom Asodi
Asiaweek a ɛbae wɔ October 20, 1993 mu asɛmti bi kae sɛ: “Bosnia Yɛ Baabi a Nyamesom mu Akodi Rekɔ So.” San Antonio Express-News a ɛbae wɔ June 13, 1993 mu asɛm bi asɛmti kae sɛ: “Ɛsɛ sɛ Nyamesom Mpanyimfo ma Bosnia Amanehunu no Ba Awiei.” Asɛm no kae sɛ: “Roma Katolekfo, Apuei Fam Ortodɔksfo ne Nkramofo asɔre ahorow no . . . ntumi mmɔ nea ɛrekɔ so no ho asodi ngu. Ɛnyɛ seesei, ɛnyɛ saa bere yi a wiase nyinaa rehwɛ nea ɛrekɔ so anwummere biara no. Ɛyɛ wɔn ko. . . . Ɛyɛ asɛm a emu da hɔ pefee sɛ akodi ho asodi da nyamesom mpanyimfo no so. Wɔn ankasa nyaatwom na ɛde ba. Wɔnam hyira a wohyira ɔfã bi ma ɛko tia ɔfoforo no so na ɛyɛ saa.”
Sɛ́ nhwɛso no, dɛn nti na nitan a ɛwɔ Roma Katolekfo ne Ortodɔksfo ntam no mu yɛ den saa? Popenom, asɔfopɔn, ne asɔre mpanyimfo afoforo na wɔde ba. Efi bere a saa asɔre abien yi tetew mu koraa wɔ afe 1054 mu no, asɔre mpanyimfo no ahyɛ wɔn asɔremma no ntam nitan ne akodi ho nkuran. Montenegrofo atesɛm krataa Pobeda, a ɛbae wɔ September 20, 1991 no kaa saa nyamesom mu mpaapaemu ne emu ɔhaw ahorow ho asɛm wɔ asɛm bi a ɛfa ɔko a ɛrekɔ so nnansa yi ho no mu. Asɛm no kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu wɔ asɛmti “Onyankopɔn Din mu Awudifo” no ase sɛ:
“Ɔko no nyɛ [Croatia ɔmampanyin] Tudjman ne [Serbia sodifo] Milošević ntam amammuisɛm mu akodi, na mmom ɛyɛ nyamesom akodi. Ɛfata sɛ yɛka sɛ mfirihyia apem atwam dedaw, fi bere a Pope no sii gyinae sɛ ɔbɛtɔre Ortodɔks asɔre a obu no sɛ ɛne no si akan no ase. . . . Wɔ afe 1054 mu no, . . . Pope no kae sɛ Ortodɔks Asɔre no na ɛde mpaapaemu no bae. . . . Wɔ afe 1900 mu no, wɔkyerɛkyerɛɛ okunkɛse a wɔabɔ wɔn tirim sɛ wɔde bɛba Ortodɔksfo so wɔ afeha a ɛto so 20 mu no mu pefee wɔ Katolekfo nhyiam a edi kan no ase. [Saa] nhyehyɛe yi reyɛ adwuma mprempren.”
Nanso, ɛnyɛ nnansa yi akodi no ne nyamesom mu ntawntawdi ho nhwɛso a edi kan wɔ afeha yi mu. Wɔ mfe aduonum a atwam no mu, wɔ Wiase Ko II no mu no, Roma Katolekfo bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛtɔre Ortodɔks Asɔre no ase afi saa beae no. Bere a na pope no taa wɔn akyi no, Croatiafo ɔmampɛ kuw a wɔfrɛ no Ustashi no bedii Croatia man a na ade ne ho no so. The New Encyclopædia Britannica bɔ amanneɛ sɛ nniso a na Vatican pene so yi yɛɛ “atirimɔdenne soronko a Serbfo ne Yudafo ɔpehaha pii a wokunkum wɔn ka ho.”
Wɔ nhoma The Yugoslav Auschwitz and the Vatican mu no, ɛnyɛ nnipa pii a wokunkum wɔn no ho kyerɛwtohɔ nko na wɔyɛe—a nnipa mpem du du pii na wohuu amane—na mmom Vatican ho a ɛwɔ asɛm no mu nso.
Wɔ ɔkwan foforo so no, Ortodɔks Asɔre no agyina Serbfo no akyi wɔ wɔn akodi mu. Nokwarem no, wɔkyerɛ sɛ Serbfo asraafokuw bi panyin bi kae sɛ: ‘Ɔsɔfopɔn no ne me sahene.’
Dɛn na anka wobetumi ayɛ de asiw nnipakum a ama nnipa dodow bɛyɛ 150,000 awuwu anaasɛ wɔayera wɔ Bosnia ne Herzegovina nkutoo no ano? Fred Schmidt kae wɔ San Antonio Express-News mu sɛ, ɛsɛ sɛ Amanaman Nkabom no Ahobammɔ Bagua no yɛ “tirimbɔ bi a ɛbɛma pope, ɔsɔfopɔn a ɔwɔ Constantinople, ne [mpanyimfo afoforo] a wɔwɔ Katolekfo, Apuei Fam Ortodɔksfo, ne Nkramofo asɔre mu a wɔwɔ tumi wɔ Bosnia-Herzegovina so no ahyɛ ma wɔagyae ɔko no ntɛm ara, na wɔabom ahyia ahwehwɛ ɔkwan a wɔn akyidifo no betumi afa so ne afoforo a ɛsono wɔn asɔre no atra sɛ afipamfo.”
Wɔ asɛnkoro no ara ho no, Progress Tribune a ɛwɔ Scottsdale, Arizona, mu asɛm bi kae sɛ, ɔko no “betumi agyae, sɛ nyamesom mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ hɔ no ani bere sɛ wɔbɛma agyae a.” Asɛm no de nyansahyɛ mae sɛ wɔnyɛ saa “denam asɔreba biara a ɔbɛto ɔtopae bi akɔ Sarajevo no din a wobeyi afi asɔre no mu ntɛm ara no so.”
Wontumi Mmoa Mmaa Asomdwoe Mmae Ankasa
Nanso, popenom akɔ so apow sɛ wobeyi akodi mu nsɛmmɔnedifo a wonnye sen biara no din afi asɔre no mu, bere mpo a wɔn mfɛfo Katolekfo asrɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ saa no. Sɛ́ nhwɛso no, Catholic Telegraph-Register a ɛwɔ Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A., de amanneɛbɔ bi too gua wɔ asɛmti “Wɔtetee no sɛ Katolekni Nanso Obu Gyidi no So, Asɛm a Wɔka Kyerɛ Pope wɔ Telefon So” ase sɛ: “Wɔde adesrɛde bi akɔto Pius XII anim sɛ onyi Reichsfuehrer Adolph Hitler din mfi asɔre no mu. . . . [Telefon] so asɛm no fã bi kenkan sɛ, ‘Adolph Hitler awofo yɛ Katolekfo, wɔbɔɔ no asu sɛ Katolekni, na wɔtetee no kyerɛkyerɛɛ no wɔ Katoleksom mu.’” Nanso wɔanyi Hitler din amfi asɔre no mu da.
Susuw nsɛm a ɛrekɔ so wɔ Afrika afã horow bi, mmeae a atirimɔden akodi rekɔ so a wontumi nsiw ano no nso ho hwɛ. Roma Katolekfo asɔfopɔn dunum a wofi Afrika aman a ɛne Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, ne Zaire no gye toom sɛ ɛmfa ho sɛ “Kristofo” a wɔabɔ wɔn asu pii wɔ aman no mu no, “amanko ahorow akowie okunkɛse, adesɛe ne nkurɔfo a wɔahyɛ wɔn ma wɔatu afi wɔn atrae mu.” Asɔfopɔn no gye toom sɛ ade a ɛde ɔhaw no ba no “ne Kristofo gyidi no a enwuraa nkurɔfo no adwene mu yiye no.”
National Catholic Reporter a ɛbae wɔ April 8, 1994 no kae sɛ “pope . . . adi ‘yaw kɛse’ wɔ Afrika man ketewa [a ɛne Burundi] a emu nnipa no fã kɛse no ara yɛ Katolekfo no akodi no ho amanneɛbɔ foforo no ho.” Pope no kae sɛ, wɔ Rwanda a emu nnipa ɔha biara mu 70 yɛ Katolekfo no, “Katolekfo mpo” na wodi awu no. Yiw, Katolekfo a wɔwɔ afanu akunkum wɔn ho wɔn ho, sɛnea wɔayɛ wɔ akodi ahorow pii a wɔako dedaw no mu no. Na sɛnea yɛaka no, ɔsom afoforo nso ayɛ saa ara.
Enti ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde ba awiei sɛ nyamesom ahorow nyinaa nya kyɛfa wɔ ɔko mu? So nyamesom bi wɔ hɔ a ɛboa ma nokware asomdwoe ba?
[Kratafa 5 mfonini]
Wɔanyi Hitler a wohu ɔne pope ananmusini Basallo di Torregrossa wɔ ha yi no din amfi asɔre no mu da
[Nsɛm Fibea]
Bundesarchiv Koblenz