Adwuma Bi a Akyɛ Yiye

Ná John duadwumfo adwinnan no ne adwinnan a edi mu na nneɛma wom sen biara wɔ ne mpɔtam hɔ. Na ɛyɛ ade a ɔde hoahoa ne ho na n’ani gye ho. Nanso anadwo bi, ogya tɔɔ mu. Nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu no, adwinnan no hyew dwerɛbee.

MFIASE no, na John pɛ sɛ ɔde sika a ɔde sii adwinnan no bi ma insurance adwumakuw no de bɔ ho ban fi ogya ho akwanhyia ho. Nanso, ɔkae sɛ: ‘Ɛsɛ sɛ mema m’ani da hɔ. Sɛ ogya antɔ adwinnan yi mu a, sika a metua no bɛyɛ kwa.’ Nanso ogya tɔɔ mu. Sɛ na John tua n’adwinnan no ho sika ma adwumakuw a wɔde mmoa ma obi a wahyia akwanhyia a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ anka obetumi asan asi. Nanso esiane sɛ na ontua akwanhyia ho sika no nti, wantumi ansi.

Dɛn Ne Insurance (Akwanhyia Ho Sikatua)?

Akwanhyia ho sika a wotua no nhyɛ da nyɛ sika a sɛ obi tua a, ɛsɛ sɛ ɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ne nsa bɛka bio. Saa ara na ɛnyɛ kyakyatow. Obi a ɔtow kyakya no hwɛ kwan sɛ ɔbɛbɔ ka anaasɛ obenya mfaso, nanso asiane a ebetumi ato obi nti na ɛsɛ sɛ otua akwanhyia ho sika no. Akwanhyia ho sika a wotua no ma wotumi de mmoa ma nnipa afoforo.

Efi tete mmere mu reba no, nnipakuw bi a wɔte faako akɔ so aka wɔn nneɛma abom de aboa ankorankoro a asiane ato wɔn. Bɛyɛ mfirihyia 3,500 a atwam no, Mose hyɛɛ Israel man no sɛ afe biara wɔmfa nnɔbae a wotwa no bi mmoa ‘ahɔho, nyisaa, ne akunafo.’—Deuteronomium 14:28, 29.

Nea Ɛyɛe a Akwanhyia Ho Sikatua Fii Ase

Wofii ase sɛ wɔretua akwanhyia ho sika no adi mfe mpem pii. Ná akwanhyia ho sikatua ho nhyehyɛe bi wɔ Hammurabi Mmara, Babilonfo mmara bi a wɔkyerɛ sɛ na ɛwɔ hɔ ansa na Mose Mmara no reba, no mu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na po so hyɛn wuranom aguadi akɔ so wɔ tete mmere mu no, na wɔhwehwɛ nkurɔfo ma wɔde wɔn sika bɔ adwuma no bosea. Sɛ hyɛn bi sɛe a, na ɛnyɛ hyɛn wuranom na wobetua sika no. Esiane sɛ na ahyɛn pii san ba dwoodwoo nti, na wotumi de mfɛntom a hyɛn wuranom pii atua no tua bosea a wɔagye no.

Saa ara na akyiri yi na adwumakuw a wotua akwanhyia ho sika a wɔfrɛ no Lloyd a ɛwɔ London no yɛ ma po so aguadifo no. Wɔ 1688 mu no, na Edward Lloyd wɔ kɔfetɔnbea bi a na ɛhɔ na London aguadifo ne sikakorabea adwumayɛfo hyia yɛ adwuma. Ɛhɔ na na sikasɛm ho adwumayɛfo kyerɛw po so adwumayɛfo a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔbɔ wɔn adwuma ho ban din, na sɛ wɔpene so a, na wɔma wotua sika bi bere ne bere mu. Ná wonim saa adwumayɛfo yi sɛ akyigyinafo. Awiei koraa wɔ 1769 mu no, Lloyd kɔfetɔnbea no bɛyɛɛ adwumakuw a ɛhwɛ akwanhyia ho sikatua so na bere bi akyi no, ɛbɛdanee adwumakuw kɛse a na wodi po so asiane ho dwuma wɔ hɔ.

Sɛnea Akwanhyia Ho Sikatua Te Nnɛ

Ɛnnɛ nso, sɛ nkurɔfo tua akwanhyia ho sika a, na wɔayɛ krado sɛ wɔbɛboa afoforo a asiane betumi ato wɔn no. Nnwumakuw a wotua akwanhyia ho sika ma afoforo nnɛ no gyina akontaabu a ɛfa asiane a esisii—te sɛ ɛka a wɔbɔe wɔ nnwumayɛbea a ogya tɔɔ mu—ho so, na ama wɔatumi ahu nneɛma a wɔn a wotua sika ma wɔn no betumi ahwere daakye no. Adwumakuw a wotua akwanhyia ho sika no de nea nkurɔfo atua ama wɔn no na etua wɔn a asiane ato wɔn no ka.

So ɛsɛ sɛ wutua akwanhyia ho sika? Tebea bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wutua ho sika? Na sɛ wutua akwanhyia ho sika anaasɛ wonyɛ saa no, dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ de abɔ yɛn ho ban bere a yɛahwere biribi wɔ asetra mu no?

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 21]

Nnwumakuw a etua akwanhyia ho sika ma afoforo a agye din sen biara wɔ wiase no biako fii ase wɔ kɔfetɔnbea bi

[Asɛm Fibea]

Courtesy of Lloyd’s of London