Kwaebirentuw Ahorow—So Yebetumi De Adi Dwuma a Yɛrensɛe No?

SO WOTE nka sɛ nnuatwa adwuma no betumi asɛe wiase no kwaebirentuw ahorow no? Ɛda adi sɛ wubebua sɛ dabi! Nanso, abɔde ntam abusuabɔ ho animdefo betumi aka sɛ nnipa pii a wɔbɛka sɛ dabi no aboa dedaw ma wɔasɛe no—sɛ nhwɛso no, denam ɔdan mu nneɛma a wɔde kwaebirentuw mu nnua a agye din na ɛyɛ fɛ ayɛ a wɔtɔ sen sɛ wɔbɛtɔ nea wɔde nnua a wɔhyɛɛ da tɛw maa saa atirimpɔw no ayɛ no so.

Wɔtaa bu nnuatwa sɛ kwae a wɔsɛe no. Na nokwarem no, nnuatwa ma wɔsɛe kwae pii. Nanso, wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔatwitwa kwae afoforo mu nnua a wɔansɛe no kɛse. So kwaebirentuw ne emu mmoa ahorow ase ntɔre bere a wotwa mu nnua no? Ma yenni kan nhwehwɛ sɛnea nnuatwa betumi asɛe kwae bi no mu.

Sɛnea Nnuatwa Betumi Asɛe Kwae ne Emu Mmoa

Nhwɛso biako ni: Wofi adwuma no ase bere a mfiri pae akwan kɔ kwae no mu tɔnn no. Ɛno akyi pɛɛ no, nnuatwafo a wokurakura mfiri fi ase twa nnua no. Bere tiaa bi na wɔde ma nnuatwa adwuma no sɛ wɔmfa ntwitwa nnua, enti wɔkyerɛ adwumayɛfo no sɛ wontwa dua biara a ɛsom bo. Bere a wotwa nnua a wobetumi atɔn no, wɔsɛe nnua a ɛbemmɛn a ne nnubaa asoso mu no. Afei mfiri akɛse a n’anan yɛ nnade hyɛn adɔtɔ no mu kɔtwe nnua no, na emiamia dɔte no ma ɛyɛ tratraa kosi sɛ wontumi mfa nyɛ hwee.

Nnuatwa adwumayɛfo taa we nam sen nkuraa no asefo. Wokyinkyin kwae no mu hwehwɛ mmoa; na wɔtaa kunkum mmoa a wɔdɔɔso sen nea wohia ankasa. Akwan a nnuatwafo twa to hɔ no ma afoforo tumi kɔ baabi a anka wontumi nkɔ no. Afei abɔmmɔfo tumi de kar ne atuo kɔ hɔ kokunkum mmoa biara a wɔaka no. Mfirisumfo kyere mmoa ne nnomaa a wosusua no kɔtɔn wɔn nya so mfaso. Afei atubrafo, nnipa mpempem pii a wonni baabi te no ba hɔ bɛhwehwɛ wɔn ano aduan wɔ asase a afei wotumi kɔ so no so. Mfuw a wɔdɔw hyew no ma wɔsɛe nnua a aka no, na ɛma nsu a ɛtɔ kɛse hohoro asase no ani dɔte kɔ.

Nokwarem no, wɔakum kwae no. Na nnuatwa no yɛ adeyɛ a edi kan ara kwa. Nanso, so kwaebirentuw ahorow mu nnua a wotwa sɛe ade saa?

Nnuatwa a Ɛnsɛe Kwae Pii

Wɔ nnansa yi mfe mu no, wɔasan akyerɛ nnuatwa a ɛnsɛe kwae pii no ho anigye. Wɔn botae ne sɛ wobetwa nnua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛremma wɔnsɛe kwae no ne emu mmoa pii no so. Nnua san nyin nkakrankakra wɔ kwae no mu na ɛma wotumi san twa wɔ mfe kakraa bi akyi. Esiane sɛ wɔn a wɔkora kwae so hyɛ aguadifo bi nti, afei de aguadifo no bɔ wɔn nnua ho dawuru sɛ efi kwae ahorow a wɔnsɛe emu nneɛma pii mu. Ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea nnuatwa a ɛnsɛe kwae pii no te.

Kwae sohwɛfo bi ne n’aboafo kuw kowura kwae no mu. Wɔyɛ akuw pii a wobedi asram asia wɔ kwae no mu akan emu nnua no mu biako. Wɔma nnuatwa adwuma no tumi krataa a wɔde betwa nnua bere tenten wɔ ha, enti adwumayɛfo no wɔ bere a wɔde bɛkan nnua yi na ama wɔakora kwae no so ma wɔde adi dwuma daakye.

Kwae sohwɛfo no ma dua biara nɔma de hyɛ no agyirae na ɔkyerɛ dua ko a ɛyɛ. Nnua no yɛ ɔhaha pii, enti ɛsɛ sɛ ɔyɛ obi a ɔwɔ ho nimdeɛ kɛse. Nanso, adeyɛ a edi hɔ no hia nnɛyi mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ.

Bere a kwae sohwɛfo no de afiri bi a ɛhyɛ ne nsam a ɔde ɛne radio bi a wɔfrɛ no Global Positioning System di nkitaho no, ɔbɔ dua no kɛse, dua ko a ɛyɛ, ne ne nɔma hyɛ afiri no mu. Afei sɛ omia afiri no fã bi a, ɔde saa dua no ho nsɛm nyinaa, a baabi pɔtee a esi ka ho fi kwae no mu kɔhyɛ kurow bi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri mu kɔmputa bi mu ntɛm ara.

Akyiri yi kwae sohwɛfo no de ne kɔmputa no yɛ asase mfonini bi a ɛma wohu kwae no mu dua biara a ɛsom bo. Ɔpaw nnua pɔtee a wobetumi atwa ma ɛne aban mmara ahyia. Sɛ ɛyɛ nnua ahorow pii a, wɔma kwan ma wotwa nnua a wɔkyerɛ ne kɛse wɔ ahyɛde no mu no ɔha mu nkyem 50 pɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wogyaw nnua a akyɛ na ɛwɔ ahoɔden no sisi hɔ na asow aba.

Ɛnde, ɔkwan bɛn so na wubetumi atwa nnua no a worensɛe kwae no? Nyan! bisaa Roberto, kwae sohwɛfo a yɛaka ne ho asɛm wɔ asɛm a edi kan no mu no saa asɛm no. Ɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ: “Asase mfonini no na ɛma yetumi yɛ saa. Yɛde asase mfonini a ɛkyerɛ baabi a yebetumi atwa nnua no yɛ nnuatwa no ho nhyehyɛe na amma yɛansɛe kwae no kɛse. Yebetumi ayɛ faako a dua no bɛhwe mpo ho nhyehyɛe na ammubu nnua foforo.

“Yebetumi ayɛ nhyehyɛe nso ma wɔde mfiri a wɔde twe nnua atwe sen sɛ wɔde katapila bɛpae kwan akɔ dua biara a wotwa ho. Ansa na nnuatwafo no betwa dua no, wotwitwa ne nnubaa a asosɔ nnua foforo a ɛbemmɛn mu no—ɛsan ma yɛtew nnua foforo a ebubu no dodow so. Yentwa nnua no wɔ faako wɔ asase a wɔama yɛn kwan sɛ yentwa wɔ so no so, na afe biara yɛyɛ asase no mfonini twa nnua wɔ ne fã bi na amma yɛansan ankɔ hɔ bio kosi sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no mfe 20 betwam. Yɛnkɔ kwae no mmeae bi kosi sɛ mfe 30 betwam.”

Nanso, Roberto yɛ adwuma ma nnuatwa adwumakuw bi. Enti, Nyan! bisaa no sɛ: “Anigye a nnuatwafo wɔ sɛ wɔbɛbɔ kwae mu mmoa ho ban no te dɛn?”

Mmoa a Wɔbɔ Wɔn Ho Ban

Roberto ka sɛ: “Kwae a anyin biara nni hɔ a mmoa nnim. Wɔn ho hia na ama nnua atumi asow aba na apete. Yɛbɔ mmɔden biara sɛ yɛrenhaw wuram mmoa no kɛse. Sɛ nhwɛso no, yɛde ahwɛyiye yɛ akwan a yɛpae kɔ hɔ no ho nhyehyɛe na annɔɔso. Baabiara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye no, yɛma akwan no yɛ hihiaa sɛnea ɛbɛma dua no nhaban a abua no akata so. Eyi ma mmoa te sɛ nkontromfi twa kwan no mu a wonsian mfi nnua no so.”

Roberto de ne nsa kyerɛ n’asase mfonini no so mmeae a ɔde aduru akeka no. Yɛmma wontwa hɔnom nnua koraa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, asase teateaa bi a yɛbɔ ho ban wɔ asuten biara afanu no ma mmoa ahorow tu fi beae biako kɔ beae foforo wɔ kwae no baabi a wontwa hɔ nnua no.

Ɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ: “Wɔ mmoa atrae a ɛho hia a ɛwɔ asuten ho akyi no, yɛbɔ abodan, abotan, tete nnua a ntokuru da mu, nnua a ɛsow aba, no ho ban—nokwarem no, beae biara a ɛho hia na ama mmoa bi atumi atra nkwa mu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛasiw ahayɔ a mmara mma ho kwan ano no, yɛmma yɛn adwumayɛfo mfa atuo, na yɛde nantwinam ne akokɔnam kɔ nnuatwafo no atrae hɔ na amma wɔanhia wuram nam. Afei, sɛ yewie ɔfã biako a, yɛde ahwɛyiye siw akwan no na amma abɔmmɔfo anaa nnuatwafo a wonni tumi krataa amma kwae no mu.

“Ɛyɛ me anigye sɛ mereyɛ eyi nyinaa efisɛ migye di sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkora Onyankopɔn abɔde so. Nanso ɛkame ayɛ sɛ amanaman ntam mmara hwehwɛ sɛ yɛyɛ nhyehyɛe a maka ho asɛm no nyinaa na ama yɛatumi anya krataa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwae bi so yiye. Sɛ adwumakuw bi betumi anya krataa a, ɛsɛ sɛ etumi ma amanaman ntam ahwɛfo nya adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wodi ahyɛde ahorow yi so.”

So mfaso wɔ hwɛ a wɔhwɛ kwae ahorow so yiye no so? Wɔ nnipa kakraa bi te sɛ Roberto a wɔkyerɛ ho anigye akyi no, nnuatwafo dodow no ara nnye nhyehyɛe a wɔyɛ de kora wuram mmoa so no ntom anigye so saa. Wɔtaa bu anohyeto a ɛte saa no sɛ ebetumi ama wɔn mfaso abɔ wɔn.

Nanso, nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ Amazonia apuei fam wɔ 1990 mfe no awiei mu hɔ no ma wohui sɛ wotumi tuaa asase mfonini a ɛkyerɛ baabi a nnua sisii, nnubaa a wotwitwae, ne nhyehyɛe a wɔyɛ de twee nnua no ho ka a wɔbɔe no, esiane nneɛma ho dwuma a wodii no yiye nti. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnua kakraa bi pɛ na wɔhweree. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wonni asase mfonini a ɛte saa a, nnuatwafo no betwa dua bi a wɔn a wɔtwe nnua no renhu wɔ kwaebirentuw no mu.

Afei nso, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛtɔn nnua a ahwɛfo no akyerɛ sɛ efi kwae a wotumi hwɛ so mu no. Nanso, so nnuatwa a ɛnsɛe kwae pii no betumi ama wɔakora kwae mu mmoa ne afifide so ampa? Wuram mmoa ahe na wotumi ka kwaebirentuw a ɛte saa mu?

So Kwae Mu Mmoa Ase Rentɔre Bere a Wotwa Mu Nnua No?

Ɛyɛ nokware sɛ ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsɛe kwaebirentuw mu abɔde. Nanso, wotumi gyina tebea bi ano ma ɛyɛ nwonwa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ kwae no fã bi a wontwaa hɔ nnua bɛn nea wɔatwa hɔ nnua a, emu nnua nketewa no benyin nkakrankakra abesi nea wɔatwa no ananmu. Na mmoa, nnomaa ne nkoekoemmoa no nso ɛ?

Etumi haw wɔn mu kakra paa, na nnuatwa adwuma dodow no ara ma nnomaa ne mmoa ahorow bi so huan wɔ hɔnom. Nanso, nnuatwa a ɛnsɛe kwae no nhaw emu mmoa dodow no ara kɛse. Nokwarem no, akwan a ɛdeda nhaban a abua no mu no betumi ahyɛ mmoa no nkuran. Nnansa yi nhwehwɛmu akyerɛ sɛ kɔ a nnipa kɔ kwaebirentuw ahorow mu—sɛ mpo ebinom kotwa nnua wɔ baabi pɔtee a—betumi ama mmoa ne afifide ahorow adɔɔso wɔ hɔnom.

Enti, adanse pii wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobetumi de nyansa atwitwa kwaebirentuw mu nnua a wɔrensɛe emu abɔde ahorow no koraa. London Economist kae sɛ: “Kwae a aka a wɔhwɛ so yiye no mu ɔha mu nkyem 10 pɛ na ebetumi adu ahwehwɛde a ɛbɛma wɔatwa emu nnua a ɛyɛ den no nyinaa ho. Wobetumi aka nea aka no ho asɛm sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wotwa mu nnua.”

Nhwɛso a ɛkyerɛ kwae bi a wɔbɔ ho ban koraa no ne nea yɛkaa ho asɛm wɔ asɛm a edi kan no mu no. Ramiro bɔ ho ban efisɛ nyansahufo ahu nnua pii a ase reyɛ atɔre wom. Kwaebirentuw a ɛte saa no ho yɛ na, na abɔde a nkwa wom ahorow pii wom. Ramiro kyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ: “Ade titiriw a ɛma wotumi kora so ne nkyerɛkyerɛ. Sɛ nkuraa no asefo nya hu sɛ kwae no na ɛma wonya wɔn nsu pɛ a, wɔn ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛkora so.”

Ramiro de ka ho sɛ: “Hwɛ a nnipa bɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛte no nso ho hia efisɛ nsrahwɛfo no hu nea enti a ɛfata sɛ wɔbɔ nnua ne afifide ho ban. Wɔde anisɔ kɛse a wonya ma kwae no ne emu mmoa no na efi hɔ kɔ.”

Ramiro ne Roberto nhwɛso no kyerɛ sɛ onipa betumi de kwaebirentuw adi dwuma a ɔrensɛe ɛne emu mmoa. Nanso nokwasɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobetumi ayɛ saa no nkyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛba saa. Nnipa bi a wɔwɔ hɔ nnɛ betumi ahwɛ ahu sɛ nnua a wɔtɔ no fi kwae a wɔhwɛ so yiye mu. Nanso, afoforo nni nhyehyɛe a ɛte saa. Ɛnde, so kwae so a wɔkora no bɛma wɔakora kwae ahorow mu abɔde a nkwa wom no so?

[Asase mfonini ahorow a ɛwɔ kratafa 23]

(Wopɛ nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ awie no a, hwɛ nhoma no mu)

BOLIVIA

Nifa so asase mfonini no ka dua biara ho asɛm; sɛnea nea ɛwɔ atifi hɔ kyerɛ no, asase mfonini no kyerɛ Bolivia fã ketewaa bi pɛ

[Asɛm Fibea]

Asase mfonini nyinaa, gye atifi wɔ benkum so de no: Aserradero San Martin S.R.L., Bolivia

[Mfonini ahorow wɔ kratafa 23]

Wɔma dua biara nɔma, na wɔkyerɛ dua ko a ɛyɛ. Afei wɔnam “Global Positioning System” (atifi hɔ) no so kyerɛ baabi pɔtee a ɛwɔ

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 23]

‘Asase mfonini a ɛma wɔkan kwae mu nnua ne ade titiriw a wɔde yɛ kwae mu nnuatwa ho nhyehyɛe a ɛmma wɔnsɛe kwae no ne emu mmoa koraa.’—Roberto

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 24, 25]

“Ade titiriw a ɛma wotumi kora so ne nkyerɛkyerɛ.”—Ramiro

[Mfonini Fibea wɔ kratafa 25]

Mfonini: Zoo de Baños