Sɛnea Nneɛma a Aba So Kɔ So Sesa

SƐ EBIA yenim anaasɛ yennim no, nneɛma a aba so foforo na ɔkwan bi so no ɛkyerɛ ntade a yɛpaw sɛ yɛbɛhyɛ da biara da. Awiei koraa no, nneɛma a aba so foforo no na ɛkyerɛ nea yebenya atɔ.

Ntade a ɛnnɛ yɛmfa nyɛ hwee mpo no aba so paa pɛn. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmarima ntade a wɔhyɛ bɔ tae wɔ so no baa so denneennen bɛboro mfe ɔha a atwam ni. Na atade a emu yɛ duru a mmea hyɛ gu wɔn ntade so no bɛyɛɛ nea na wogye tom yiye wɔ 1920 mfe no mu.

Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛma nneɛma foforo ba so—pɛ a nnipa pɛ biribi a aba so ne di a wodi akyi. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ obiara pɛ sɛ ɔhyɛ biribi foforo. Ɛno nti na ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛtɔ ntade, ɛnyɛ sɛ ntade dedaw no atetew, na mmom yɛpɛ sɛ yɛsakra mu ara kwa nti. Bere koro no ara no, yɛmpɛ sɛ yɛbɛyɛ ntetekwaa, enti yɛtɔ ntade a ɔkwan bi so no, ɛne nea yɛn mfɛfo hyɛ no hyia. Mfehaha pii a abɛsen kɔ mu no, wɔn a wɔyɛ ntade no ama yɛanya nneɛma a aba so foforo a yedi akyi—ɛtɔ mmere bi a wonya yɛn ho mfaso.

Ɛho Abakɔsɛm Tiawa

Adepamfo gyina nneɛma atitiriw anum so na ɛpam ntade: atadetam no kɔla, ne su, sɛnea esi bubu gu so, ne yɛbea ne atade no ani nsensanee. Hokwan a adepamfo wɔ sɛ wɔpaw nneɛma anum yi nyinaa mu bi no adɔɔso wɔ mfe a abɛsen kɔ no mu. Wɔ tete Misraim sɛ nhwɛso no, na wɔn ani gye nwera a emu yɛ nahanaha ho, na na eye ma bere a wim ayɛ hyew. Nanso esiane sɛ na ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ nwera aduru nti, na mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ kɔla biako pɛ—fitaa. Nanso, Misrifo a wɔpam ntade no bubuu atadetam no guu so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔn ntade no ani bɛyɛ fɛfɛɛfɛ. Saa kwan yi so na yɛnam nyaa atade su a ɛyɛ fɛ na akyɛ yiye wɔ wiase no mu biako.

Ebeduu afeha a edi kan Y.B. mu no, na ntadetam a ɛyɛ foforo ne kɔla ahorow wɔ hɔ. Na Romafo adefo no kra sirikyi fi China anaa India, ɛwom sɛ akwantu ho ka a na wɔbɔ de kra nti na sirikyi bo yɛ den sɛ sika kɔkɔɔ de. Atadetam foforo a na aba so a na wɔkra fi Tiro ne ntama a ɛberedum, na na kilogram biako bo bɛyɛ sɛ denari 1,000—odwumayɛni mfe abiɛsa akatua. Nnuru a na wɔde hyɛ ntama no ne ntadetam foforo a na aba so no maa Romafo mmea adefo no hyɛɛ ntade a wɔfrɛ no stola—ntade nguguso atenten—a wɔde asaawa a ne kɔla yɛ bruu a efi India, ne sirikyi a ne kɔla yɛ akokɔsrade a efi China apam.

Ɛwom sɛ bere ne bere mu na sɛnea wɔpam ntade sakra de, nanso tete no na ntade a ne bo yɛ den a aba so foforo no tumi di nna pii. Nsakrae baa nkakrankakra na mpɛn pii no, wɔn a na wodi yiye no na na ɛka wɔn. Nanso nsakrae kɛse a ɛbaa mfiridwuma mu no maa mpapahwekwaa ani begyee nneɛma a aba so foforo ho kɛse.

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 mu no, mfiridwuma ahorow bae a na wɔyɛ ntade ma adefo ne ahiafo nyinaa tumi tɔ bi. Mfiri a na wɔde yɛ asaawa ne kuntu bɛdɔɔso ma ntadetam bo baa fam. Esiane mfiri a wɔde pam ade nti, na wotumi pam ntade a wɔmmrɛ ho koraa, na nnuru foforo a wɔde hyɛ ntama a na aba no maa obiara tumi paw kɔla a ɔpɛ.

Asetra ne mfiridwuma mu nsakrae boae kɛse ma ɔmanfo nyaa ntade a wɔbɛhyɛ. Wɔ Europa Atɔe fam ne Amerika Atifi fam no, na nkurɔfo wɔ sika pii a wobetumi de atotɔ wɔn ho nneɛma. Wɔ 1850 mfe no mu no, mmea nsɛmma nhoma bae, na ɛno akyi pɛɛ no, wɔhyɛɛ ase tɔn ntade a wɔapam awie wɔ aguadidan akɛse mu. Afei wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 mu no, Charles Frederick Worth fii ase maa nnipa bi a na watete wɔn hyɛɛ ntade de kyerɛe wɔ baguam de kanyan wɔn a na wɔbɛtɔ no anigye.

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 20 mu no, ntama a wɔmfa asaawa nyɛ te sɛ rayon, nylon ne polyester maa wɔn a wɔyɛ ntade no nyaa ntadetam ahorow pii. Kɔmputa a wɔde di adwini gu ntadetam mu no maa ɛyɛɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ntade a aba so foforo, na esiane amanaman ntam nkitahodi nti, na wotumi hu ntade a aba so foforo wɔ Tokyo, New York, Paris, ne São Paulo mmɔnten so wɔ bere koro mu. Saa bere yi nyinaa no, na adepamfo ne aguadeyɛfo ahu akwan foforo a wɔbɛfa so abɔ wɔn aguade ho dawuru.

Ɛnnɛ, mmofra paa na wɔn ani gye nneɛma a aba so foforo ho mmom sen adefo. Mmofra ɔpepem pii totɔ ntade foforo ɔsram biara, na nnwumakuw a ɛyɛ ntade no yɛ ntade a ano bo si dɔla ɔpepepem pii afe biara.a Nanso, so asiane bi wɔ ho a wonhu?

[Ase hɔ asɛm]

[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 4, 5]

Wɔn a Wogyigye Ho

Wɔ mfehaha pii mu no, ahemfo ne adehye na na wɔkyerɛ ntade a ɛfata sɛ yɛhyɛ. Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 17 mu no, Ɔhene Louis XIII a ɔwɔ France no pawee sɛ ɔbɛhyɛ wig de akata ne ti a na ɛho apa no so. Ankyɛ koraa na Europa adehye yii wɔn ti nhwi, hyehyɛɛ wig—adeyɛ a edii bɛboro mfe ɔha.

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 mu no, mmea nsɛmma nhoma bɔɔ nneɛma a aba so foforo ho dawuru, na mpo wɔde ho mfonini mae sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mmea betumi apam wɔn ankasa ntade. Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 20 mu a nnipa ani begyee sini ne television ho no, sini mu akunini begyee din wɔ amanaman so, na afoforo suasuaa wɔn ahosiesie. Nnwontofo a wɔagye din nso hyehyɛɛ ntade huhuuhu, na mmabun pii suasuaa wɔn ntɛm ara. Ɛnnɛ, nsakrae titiriw biara mmae, na aguade ho adawurubɔfo nam ntade a wɔhyɛ kyerɛ wɔ baguam, nsɛmma nhoma a emu mfonini yɛ fɛ, dawurubɔ apon, nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ ahwehwɛ mu kyerɛ wɔ sotɔɔ mu, ne television so dawurubɔ so ma afoforo ani gye ntade foforo a wɔbɛtɔ ho.

[Mfonini]

Ɔhene Louis XIII

[Asɛm Fibea]

From the book The Historian’s History of the World

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 4]

Tete Misrifo nwera atade yi yɛ ntade a ɛbaa so kyɛe wɔ wiase no mu biako

[Asɛm Fibea]

Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 4]

Wɔ tete Roma no, na mmea hyɛ ntade a wɔfrɛ no stola

[Asɛm Fibea]

From the book Historia del Traje, 1917

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 4, 5]

Kimono da so ara wɔ hɔ fi bɛyɛ 650 Y.B.

[Asɛm Fibea]

From the newspaper La Ilustración Artística, Volume X, 1891

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 5]

Tete no na ntade a ne bo yɛ den a aba so foforo no tumi di nna pii

[Asɛm Fibea]

EclectiCollections

[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 5]

Mfiridwuma a ɛdɔɔso no maa mpapahwekwaa ani begyee nneɛma a aba so foforo ho kɛse

[Asɛm Fibea]

EclectiCollections