Umsantsa Phakathi Kwezityebi Namahlwempu Uya Uvuleka
“Kwenziwe inkqubela engakumbi ekunciphiseni ubuhlwempu ehlabathini lonke kwiminyaka engama-50 edluleyo kunakwiinkulungwane ezintlanu ezidluleyo,” itsho njalo IUNDP Today, incwadi yeUnited Nations Development Programme. “Amazwe asakhasayo aye akuthoba kangangesiqingatha ukufa kwabantwana ukususela ngowe-1960, athoba ukungondleki ngomlinganiselo wesinye kwisithathu aza [abhalisa] abantwana abamalunga nekota esikolweni.” Kodwa kwale ncwadi inye iyavuma ukuba phezu kwayo nje le nkqubela, ubuhlwempu ehlabathini lonke “buyanda.”
Eyona nto embi ngakumbi, ukungalingani phakathi kwabantu kuyanda. UCatherine Bertini, umalathisi oyintloko weUN World Food Programme uthi: “Xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka odluleyo, kukho abantu abangakumbi ehlabathini ababulawa kukungondleki nendlala.” Enyanisweni, namhlanje abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-840 kumazwe asakhasayo balamba ngokuqhubekayo, abangaphezu kwewaka lezigidi abakwazi kufumana amanzi okusela acocekileyo, yaye bamalunga ne-1,5 lamawaka ezigidi abantu abafumana imali engaphantsi kweerandi ezintandathu ngosuku. UMary Robinson, onguMphathiswa Oyintloko Wamalungelo Abantu kwiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ulumkisa ngelithi, “sisengozini yokufikelela kwinqanaba apho ihlabathi liya kwahlulelana kungekhona phakathi kwamazwe asakhasayo nahambele phambili, kodwa phakathi kwamazwe ahambele phambili ngokugqithiseleyo [namazwe] angasayi kuze ahambele phambili.”
Bekuya kufuneka ntoni ngaphambi kokuba kuvalwe umsantsa ophakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu kubantu abangamawaka ezigidi ezithandathu abakhoyo ehlabathini? Incinane kakhulu kunokuba ucinga. IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ziqikelela ukuba bekuya kufuneka ii-R54 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R9 kumntu ngamnye) ngonyaka ukuze kubekho inkqubo yogutyulo namanzi acocekileyo ehlabathini lonke kwanokuba bekuya kufuneka ii-R78 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R12 kumntu ngamnye) ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa impilo esisiseko nokutya okunesondlo komntu ngamnye osemhlabeni. Nangona le mali ikhangeleka ngathi ininzi, incinane kakhulu xa ithelekiswa nemali echithwa lihlabathi kwezinye izinto. Ngokomzekelo, komnye unyaka kutshanje, ihlabathi liye lachitha ii-R2,6 zamawaka ezigidi (ngaphezu kwee-R400 kumntu ngamnye) ekubhengezeni nee-R4,7 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R770 kumntu ngamnye) kwimibandela yezomkhosi. Licacile elokuba, ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kwabantu behlabathi abanezinto nabangenazinto akuxhomekekanga ekufumaneni imali kodwa ngumbandela wokubeka izinto eziza kuqala kwindawo yazo.