Incwadi YeBhayibhile 19—IiNdumiso
Ababhali: NguDavide nabanye
Indawo Ezabhalelwa Kuyo: Akuqinisekwanga
Ukugqitywa Kokubhalwa Kwazo: Malunga nowama-460 B.C.E.
1. Iyincwadi enjani incwadi yeeNdumiso, kwaye iqulethe ntoni?
INCWADI yeeNdumiso yayiyincwadi yeengoma ephefumlelweyo yabanquli bokwenyaniso bakaYehova kumaxesha amandulo, ingqokelela yeengoma, okanye yeendumiso ezingcwele ezili-150, eyenziwe yangumculo yaza yalungiselelwa unqulo lwasesidlangalaleni lukaYehova uThixo kwitempile yakhe eYerusalem. Ezi ndumiso ziingoma zokudumisa uYehova, kwaye azipheleli nje apho, zikwaqulethe izikhungo zokwenzelwa inceba nokucela uncedo, kwanamazwi okubonakalisa ukukholosa nokuba nentembelo kuye. Zizaliswe ngamazwi ombulelo nemigcobo kwanawokudanduluka ngovuyo olukhulu, ewe, olubalaseleyo. Zimbi zikukushwankathelwa kwembali, kucingwa ngenceba kaYehova nemisebenzi yakhe emikhulu. Zizaliswe ziziprofeto, ezininzi zazo eziye zanenzaliseko ephawulekayo. Ziqulethe imfundiso eninzi eyingenelo neyakhayo, yonke ibekwe ngolwimi olusulungekileyo nolubusafobe olumchukumisa ngokunzulu umfundi. Iindumiso zisisidlo sokomoya esityebileyo, esilungiselelwe kakuhle saza sabekwa ngokunomtsalane phambi kwethu.
2. (a) Ngawaphi amagama eziye zabizwa ngawo iiNdumiso, kwaye zithini iintsingiselo zawo? (b) Iyintoni indumiso?
2 Iyintoni intsingiselo yomxholo wale ncwadi, kwaye ngoobani ababhala iiNdumiso? KwiBhayibhile yesiHebhere, le ncwadi ibizwa ngokuba yiSeʹpher Tehil·limʹ, binzana elo elithetha “INcwadi Yemibongo,” okanye ngokulula nje Tehil·limʹ, oko kukuthi, “Imibongo.” Le yimo ekwisininzi yegama elithi Tehil·lahʹ, elithetha “Umbongo” okanye “Ingoma Yokudumisa,” elifumaneka kumbhalo osemantla weNdumiso 145. Igama elithi “Imibongo” lelona lifanelekileyo, njengoko le ncwadi ibalaselisa umbongo oya kuYehova. Igama elithi “IiNdumiso” livela kwiSeptuagint yesiGrike, eyasebenzisa igama elithi Psal·moiʹ, elithetha iingoma eziphelekwa zizixhobo zomculo. Eli gama likwafumaneka kwiindawo eziliqela kwiZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike, njengakuLuka 20:42 nakwiZenzo 1:20. Indumiso yingoma okanye umbongo ongcwele osetyenziswa ekudumiseni nasekunquleni uThixo.
3. Imibhalo esemantla isixelela ntoni ngababhali?
3 Ezininzi zezi ndumiso zinemixholo, okanye imibhalo esemantla, kwaye ngokufuthi le ichaza umbhali. Imixholo engamashumi asixhenxe anesithathu inegama likaDavide, “omihobe imnandi kwaSirayeli.” (2 Sam. 23:1) Alithandabuzeki elokuba INdumiso 2, 72 neyama-95 nazo zabhalwa nguDavide. (Bona IZenzo 4:25, INdumiso 72:20 namaHebhere 4:7.) Ukongezelela koku, kubonakala ukuba INdumiso 10 neyama-71 ziinxalenye eziqhubekayo zeNdumiso 9 neyama-70 ngokulandelelana kwaye ngoko ke kusenokuthiwa zabhalwa nguDavide. Iindumiso ezilishumi elinesibini kuthiwa zabhalwa nguAsafu, ekubonakala ukuba oku kubhekisela kwabendlu ka-Asafu, njengoko ezinye zazo zithetha ngeziganeko ezenzeka ngemva komhla ka-Asafu. (INdu. 79; 80; 1 Kron. 16:4, 5, 7; Ezra 2:41) Iindumiso ezilishumi elinanye kuthiwa zabhalwa ngokungqalileyo ngoonyana bakaKora. (1 Kron. 6:31-38) Kubonakala ukuba INdumiso 43 yinxalenye eqhubekayo yeNdumiso 42, ngoko ke nayo kusenokuthiwa yabhalwa ngoonyana bakaKora. Ukongezelela ekukhankanyeni “oonyana bakaKora,” INdumiso 88 ikwakhankanya noHeman kumbhalo wayo osemantla, kwaye INdumiso 89 ikhankanya uEtan njengombhali wayo. INdumiso 90 kuthiwa yabhalwa nguMoses, kwaye kusenokuba neNdumiso 91 yabhalwa nguMoses. INdumiso 127 yekaSolomon. Ngaloo ndlela iindumiso ezingaphezu kwezimbini kwezintathu kuthiwa zabhalwa ngababhali abahlukahlukeneyo.
4. Le mibhalo igubungela ixesha elingakanani?
4 Incwadi yeeNdumiso yeyona ncwadi inkulu eBhayibhileni. Njengokuba kunokubonwa kwiNdumiso 90, 126 neye-137, yabhalwa kudala, ubuncinane ukususela kwixesha lokubhala kukaMoses (ngowe-1513-1473 B.C.E.) de kwasemva kokukhululwa kwamakhoboka eBhabhiloni kwaye mhlawumbi nangomhla kaEzra (ngowama-537 kuse malunga nowama-460 B.C.E.). Ngaloo ndlela, kubonakala ukuba ukubhalwa kwayo kugubungela ithuba eliqikelelwa kwiminyaka eliwaka. Noko ke, ixesha eligutyungelwa kokuqulethweyo lininzi kakhulu, ukususela kwixesha lokudalwa kwezinto kwaye kushwankathelwa imbali yeenkqubano zikaYehova nabakhonzi bakhe ukuhla ukuza kuthi ga kwixesha lokuqanjwa kwendumiso yokugqibela.
5. (a) Incwadi yeeNdumiso ilubonakalisa njani ulungelelwano? (b) Yiyiphi inkcazelo eyongezelelekileyo efumaneka kwimibhalo esemantla? (c) Kutheni le nto kungeyomfuneko ukubiza igama elithi “Seʹlah” ekufundeni iindumiso?
5 Incwadi yeeNdumiso ithetha ngokulungelelaniswa kwezinto. UDavide uthetha ‘ngomngcelele woThixo wam, uKumkani wam, ungena kwindawo engcwele. Iimvumi zihamba phambili, emva kwazo ingababethi bohadi; phakathi iziintombi ezibetha iingqongqo. Emabandleni bongani uThixo, uYehova.’ (INdu. 68:24-26) Oku kubonisa isizathu sokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwegama elithi “Kumongameli” kwimibhalo esemantla, kwanamagama amaninzi abumbongo nawomculo. Yimbi imibhalo esemantla icacisa ukusetyenziswa okanye injongo yendumiso okanye inikela imiyalelo ebumbongo. (Bona imibhalo esemantla yeNdumiso 6, 30, 38, 60, 88, 102, neye-120.) Ubuncinane kwiindumiso ezili-13 zikaDavide, njengeNdumiso 18 neyama-51, kubaliswa ngokufutshane iziganeko ezakhokelela ekuqanjweni kwazo. Iindumiso ezingamashumi amathathu anesine azinayo kwaphela imibhalo esemantla. Iganyana elithi “Seʹlah,” elibonakala izihlandlo ezingama-71 (NW) kumbhalo wokuqala, kucingelwa ukuba ligama elintsonkothileyo elisetyenziswa emculweni okanye kwizicengcelezo, nangona eyona ntsingiselo yalo ichanileyo ingaziwa. Bambi bathi libonisa ukunqumama nokucamngca emculweni okanye xa kuculwa ngomlomo nangezixhobo zomculo. Ngenxa yoko, akuyomfuneko ukuba libizwe xa kufundwa.
6. (a) Incwadi yeeNdumiso yahlulahlulwe yayimiqulu enjani eyahlukeneyo? (b) Ngubani ekubonakala ukuba wayicwangcisa incwadi yeeNdumiso yaluhlobo elulo ngoku?
6 Kususela kumaxesha amandulo, incwadi yeeNdumiso iye yahlulwa yaziincwadi, okanye imiqulu, emihlanu eyahlukeneyo, ngokulandelayo: (1) INdumiso 1-41; (2) INdumiso 42-72; (3) INdumiso 73-89; (4) INdumiso 90-106; (5) INdumiso 107-150. Kubonakala ukuba ingqokelela yokuqala yezi ngoma yaqanjwa nguDavide. Ngokucacileyo uEzra, umbingeleli ‘nombhali oyinkunkqele emyalelweni kaMoses,’ wasetyenziswa nguYehova ukuba acwangcise incwadi yeeNdumiso ibe luhlobo elulo ngoku.—Ezra 7:6.
7. Ziziphi ezinye iinkalo zeeNdumiso ezimele ziphawulwe?
7 Ukwandiswa okuqhubela phambili kwale ngqokelela kusenokucacisa isizathu sokuba ezinye zeendumiso ziphindaphindwa kumacandelo awahlukahlukeneyo, njengeNdumiso 14 neyama-53; eyama-40:13-17 neyama-70; eyama-57:7-11 neye-108:1-5. Candelo ngalinye kula mahlanu liqukumbelwa ngombulelo kuYehova, okanye umbongo—emine yokuqala kuyo iquka indlela abantu ababesabela ngayo kwaye owokugqibela yiyo yonke incwadi yeNdumiso 150.—INdu. 41:13, umbhalo osemazantsi we-NW.
8. Cacisa uze ubonise uhlobo lokuqamba lweacrostic.
8 Kwiindumiso ezisithoba kusetyenziswe uhlobo olukhetheke gqitha lokuqamba; lubizwa ngokuba lolweacrostic ngenxa yolandelelwano lwalo loonobumba. (INdumiso 9, 10, 25, 34, 37, 111, 112, 119 neye-145, ngokwe-NW) Kolu landelelwano indinyana okanye iindinyana zokuqala zesiqendu sokuqala ziqala ngonobumba wokuqala wesiHebhere, uʼaʹleph (א), kwaye indinyana okanye iindinyana ezilandelayo ziqala ngonobumba wesibini, ubehth (ב), njalo njalo, kuzo zonke okanye phantse ngabo bonke oonobumba besiHebhere. Oku kusenokuba kwakuluncedo ekukhumbuzeni umntu—khawucinge nje ngeemvumi zasetempileni ekwakufuneka zikhumbule iingoma ezinde njengeNdumiso 119! Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, ulandelelwano loonobumba abafanayo begama likaYehova lufunyanwa kwiNdumiso 96:11. Inxalenye yokuqala yale ndinyana kwisiHebhere inamagama amane, kwaye oonobumba bokuqala bala magama, xa befundwa ukususela ngasekunene ukusa ngasekhohlo, bangamaqabane amane esiHebhere eTetragrammaton, uYHWH (יהוה).
9. (a) Kungenxa yayiphi enye imvelaphi ezithi iindumiso ezininzi zibe zezichukumisa ngokupheleleyo? (b) Yintoni enye efak’ isandla kumandla nakuncuthu lwazo?
9 Olu ncuthu lwemibongo engcwele lubhalwe ngemihobe yesiHebhere engenamvano-siphelo kwaye ibonisa isimbo esisulungekileyo nesingenakugqweswa nokudluliselwa okutyibilikayo kwengcamango. Zichukumisa ngokupheleleyo. Izoba umfanekiso-ngqondweni ocacileyo. Ububanzi nobunzulu obumangalisayo, kumbandela nakwiimvakalelo ezinamandla ezivakaliswayo, ngokuyinxenye bubangelwa ngamava angaqhelekanga obomi bukaDavide, awathi anikela ingxelo ngentsusa yoninzi lwezi ndumiso. Ambalwa amadoda aye aphila ubomi obahlukahlukene ngolo hlobo—njengenkwenkwe engumalusi, ikhalipha elalwa noGoliyati lilodwa, imvumi yasentendelezweni, indoda eyayizingelwa nabahlobo bayo abanyanisekileyo nekwakukho phakathi kwabo abangcatshi, ukumkani nomphumi-mkhosi owoyisayo, ubawo onothando owayekhathazwa kukungavisisani okwakukho kwindlu yakhe, owathi kangangezihlandlo ezibini weva ubunzima ngenxa yokuwela esonweni esinzulu nowathi sekunjalo wasoloko engumnquli ochwayitileyo kaYehova kwaye ewuthanda uMthetho Wakhe. Ngenxa yemvelaphi elolo hlobo, ayimangalisi kangako into yokuba incwadi yeeNdumiso izichaphazela zonke iinkalo zeemvakalelo zabantu! Okufak’ isandla kumandla nakuncuthu lwayo kukufaniswa nokuthelekiswa kwezinto nto leyo ebalaseleyo kwimihobe yesiHebhere.—INdu. 1:6; 22:20; 42:1; 121:3, 4.
10. Yintoni engqinela ubunyaniso beeNdumiso?
10 Ubunyaniso bezi ngoma zizezona zamandulo zokudumisa uYehova bungqinelwa ngokwaneleyo kukuba zivisisana ngokupheleleyo nazo zonke iZibhalo. Incwadi yeeNdumiso icatshulwa izihlandlo ezininzi ngababhali beZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike. (INdu. 5:9 [Roma 3:13]; INdu. 10:7 [Roma 3:14]; INdu. 24:1 [1 Kor. 10:26]; INdu. 50:14 [Mat. 5:33]; INdu. 78:24 [Yoh. 6:31]; INdu. 102:25-27 [Heb. 1:10-12]; INdu. 112:9 [2 Kor. 9:9]) UDavide wathi kwingoma yakhe yokugqibela: “Umoya kaYehova uthetha ngam, ukukhuluma kwakhe kuselulwimini lwam.” Yayingulo moya owawusebenza kuye ukususela kumhla wokuthanjiswa kwakhe nguSamuweli. (2 Sam. 23:2; 1 Sam. 16:13) Ukongezelela koku, abapostile bacaphula kwiiNdumiso. UPetros wathetha ‘ngesibhalo esathethwayo ngaphambili ngumoya oyingcwele ngomlomo kaDavide,’ kwaye ekucaphuleni izihlandlo eziliqela kwiiNdumiso, umbhali wencwadi yamaHebhere wabhekisela kuzo njengamazwi awathethwa nguThixo okanye azichaze ngamazwi athi, “njengoko atshoyo umoya oyingcwele.”—IZe. 1:16; 4:25; Heb. 1:5-14; 3:7; 5:5, 6.
11. Ubungqina obuxhasayo buqinisekiswa njani ngamazwi kaYesu?
11 Ukuze sifikelele kobona bungqina bubambekayo bobunyaniso bazo, sicaphula amazwi kaYesu, iNkosi evusiweyo, esithi kubafundi bakhe: “Ngawo la amazwi endawathethayo kuni . . . okokuba zimelwe kukuzaliseka zonke izinto ezibhaliweyo ngam emthethweni kaMoses, nasebaprofetini, nasezindumisweni.” Apho uYesu wayehlanganisa zonke iZibhalo zesiHebhere ngendlela eyayisamkelwa ngamaYuda neyayisaziwa ngawo. Ukukhankanya kwakhe IiNdumiso kwakuquka yonke inxalenye yesithathu yeZibhalo, ebizwa ngokuthi yiHagiographa (okanye iMibhalo Engcwele), leyo IiNdumiso zaziyincwadi yayo yokuqala. Oku kungqinelwa koko wakuthethayo kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambilana kubafundi ababini ababesendleleni eya e-Emawusi, xa “wabachazela kuzo zonke izibhalo iindawo ezingaye.”—Luka 24:27, 44.
OKUQULETHWE ZIINDUMISO
12. INdumiso iwuphuhlisa njani ngokukhawuleza umxholo woyolo, kwanomxholo woBukumkani?
12 Incwadi Yokuqala (INdumiso 1-41). Zonke ezi kuthiwa zabhalwa nguDavide ngaphandle kweNdumiso 1, 2, 10, neyama-33. INdumiso 1 ihlab’ emxholweni zisuka nje, njengoko isithi unoyolo umntu oyoliswa ngumthetho kaYehova, ocamngca ngawo imini nobusuku ukuze awulandele, ngokwahlukileyo kuboni abangahloneli Thixo. Esi sisihlandlo sokuqala kuvakaliswa uyolo kwincwadi yeeNdumiso. INdumiso 2 iqalisa ngombuzo ocel’ umngeni ize ibalise ngesimo sabo bonke ookumkani nezidwangube zalo mhlaba ezibhunga “ngoYehova nangomthanjiswa wakhe.” UYehova uyazihleka aze ke azibhavumele, esithi: “Mna ke ndimmisile ukumkani wam phezu kweZiyon, intaba yam engcwele.” Uya kubavikiva aze abahlekeze bonke abamchasayo. Nina bookumkani nabalawuli, “mkhonzeni uYehova nisoyika” nize nimamkele uNyana Wakhe hleze nitshabalale! (Indi. 2, 6, 11) Ngaloo ndlela ngokukhawuleza IiNdumiso zikhankanya umxholo weBhayibhile ongoBukumkani.
13. Yintoni enye ebalaseliswa yingqokelela yokuqala yeendumiso?
13 Kule ngqokelela yokuqala, kubalaseliswa imithandazo, izicelo nemibulelo. INdumiso 8 ithelekisa ubukhulu bukaYehova nobuncinane bomntu, kwaye INdumiso 14 idandalazisa ubuyatha babantu abangakuvumiyo ukuzithoba kwigunya likaThixo. INdumiso 19 ibonisa indlela indalo emangalisayo kaYehova uThixo evakalisa ngayo uzuko lwakhe, kwaye iindinyana 7-14 zibalaselisa iingenelo ezingumvuzo wokugcina umthetho ogqibeleleyo kaThixo, othi kamva uchazwe ngomlinganiselo omkhulu ngakumbi kwiNdumiso 119. INdumiso 23 yamkelwa zwenibanzi njengeyona ncwadi ibhalwe ngobuchule kunazo zonke, kodwa ide yazuka nangakumbi ngenxa yendlela elula nenomtsalane ngayo ekuchazeni ukuthembela ngokunyanisekileyo ngoYehova. Kwowu, ukuba nje sonke ‘besingahlala endlwini kaYehova, uMalusi Omkhulu, imihla emide’! (23:1, 6) INdumiso 37 inikela isiluleko esihle kubantu aboyika uThixo abaphila phakathi kwabenzi bobubi, kwaye INdumiso 40 ibonisa uyolo lokwenza ukuthanda kukaThixo, kwanjengokuba uDavide wenjenjalo.
14. Kuthiwani ngentlawulelo kwiNcwadi Yesibini yeeNdumiso, kwaye yiyiphi imithandazo kaDavide ebalaseliswayo?
14 Incwadi Yesibini (INdumiso 42-72). Eli icandelo liqalisa ngeendumiso ezisibhozo zoonyana bakaKora. INdumiso 42 neyama-43 kuthiwa zabhalwa ngoonyana bakaKora, ekubeni eneneni xa zizonke zingumbongo omnye oziziqendu ezithathu, zonke zinxityelelaniswa ngendinyana ephindaphindwayo. (42:5, 11; 43:5) INdumiso 49 ibethelela into yokuba akunakwenzeka ngomntu ukuzicamagushela, ibe yalatha kuThixo njengokuphela konamandla awaneleyo okuhlangula umntu “esandleni selabafileyo.” (Indi. 15) INdumiso 51 ingumthandazo kaDavide, awawenza emva kwesono sakhe esinzulu noBhatshebha, umfazi kaUriya umHeti, kwaye ibonisa inguquko yakhe yokwenyaniso. (2 Sam. 11:1–12:24) Eli candelo liqukumbela ngendumiso ‘engoSolomon,’ ukuthandazelwa kolawulo lwakhe loxolo nokuba intsikelelo kaYehova ibe naye.—INdu. 72.
15. Incwadi Yesithathu ithini ngembali kaSirayeli, ngemigwebo kaYehova nangomnqophiso wakhe woBukumkani?
15 Incwadi Yesithathu (INdumiso 73-89). Ubuncinane ezimbini kwezi, INdumiso 74 neyama-79, zaqanjwa ngemva kokutshatyalaliswa kweYerusalem ngowama-607 B.C.E. Zikukuvakaliswa kosizi ngenxa yale ntlekele inkulu kwaye kuzo kubongozwa uYehova ukuba ancede abantu bakhe ‘ngenxa yozuko lwegama lakhe.’ (79:9) INdumiso 78 ichaza imbali kaSirayeli ukususela kumhla kaMoses de kwalixesha laxa uDavide wathi “wabalusa ke ngengqibelelo yentliziyo yakhe” (indi. 72), kwaye INdumiso 80 yalatha kuYehova ‘njengoMalusi kaSirayeli’ wokwenene. (Indi. 1) KwiNdumiso 82 neyama-83 kubongozwa uYehova ukuba aphumeze imigwebo yakhe kwiintshaba zakhe nezabantu bakhe. Kunokuba ezi ibe zizikhungo zempindezelo, injongo yazo kukuba abantu “balifune igama lakho, Yehova . . . , [nokuba] bazi ukuba wena, ugama linguYehova, unguwe wedwa Osenyangweni phezu kwehlabathi lonke.” (83:16, 18) INdumiso yokugqibela kweli candelo yeyama-89, ebalaselisa “iinceba zikaYehova,” njengoko ziboniswe ngokucacileyo kumnqophiso awawenza noDavide. Lo ngumnqophiso wendlalifa engunaphakade yetrone kaDavide, aya kuyimisa uYehova ukuba ilawule ukusa kwixesha elingenasiphelo!—Indi. 1, 34-37.
16. Incwadi Yesine ibuphakamisa njani ubukumkani bukaYehova nokuwugcina kwakhe umnqophiso?
16 Incwadi Yesine (INdumiso 90-106). NjengeNcwadi Yesithathu, le ineendumiso ezili-17. Ivula ngomthandazo kaMoses, iphuhlisa ngokwanelisayo ubukho bukaThixo obungunaphakade nokuba bufutshane kobomi bomntu ofayo. INdumiso 92 ibalaselisa iimpawu zikaYehova eziphakamileyo. Kwandula ke kubekho ingqokelela ezukileyo, INdumiso 93-100, eqala ngesibhengezo esichukumisayo esithi, “UYehova ungukumkani.” Ngenxa yoko “nonke hlabathi” niyabongozwa ukuba ‘nivume kuYehova, nibonge igama lakhe, ngokuba mkhulu uYehova, engowokudunyiswa kunene.’ “UYehova mkhulu eZiyon.” (93:1; 96:1, 2, 4; 99:2) KwiNdumiso 105 neye-106 kubulelwa uYehova ngemisebenzi yakhe emangalisayo ayenzela abantu bakhe nangokuwugcina ngokuthembeka umnqophiso awawenza noAbraham ngokuyinika ilizwe imbewu yakhe, phezu kwako nje ukukrokra nokukreqa kwayo izihlandlo ezininzi.
17. Yintoni eyenza ibe yeyomdla okhethekileyo INdumiso 104, ibe nguwuphi umxholo ophindaphindwayo ukususela ngoku kuse phambili?
17 Emangalisa ngokwenene yiNdumiso 104. Izukisa uYehova ngendili nobungangamsha azijizeke ngabo, kwaye ichaza ubulumko bakhe njengoko bubonakaliswa kwimisebenzi yakhe emininzi nakwindalo yakhe yasemhlabeni. Wandula ke umxholo wayo yonke incwadi yeeNdumiso uphuhliswe ngamandla, njengokuba kubonakala udanduluko lokuqala: “Haleluya [“Dumisani uYa, nina bantu,” NW]!” (Indi. 35) Olu lubizo olubhekiswa kubanquli bokwenyaniso ukuba banikele kuYehova indumiso efanele igama lakhe, ngesiHebhere, ligama nje elinye elithi ha·lelu–Yahʹ okanye “Haleluya,” oyindlela eqhelekileyo kubantu abasemhlabeni wonke namhlanje. Ukususela kule ndinyana ukusa phambili, eli binzana livela izihlandlo ezingama-24, iindumiso eziliqela ziqalisa zize ziqukumbele ngalo.
18. (a) Nguwuphi umbongo obalaselisa INdumiso 107? (b) Ziziphi ezi kuthiwa ziiNdumiso zeHallel?
18 Incwadi Yesihlanu (INdumiso 107-150). KwiNdumiso 107 sicaciselwa ngokuhlangula kukaYehova abantu, kuphelekwa lolu ncuthu lombongo: “Mabayibulele kuYehova inceba yakhe, nemisebenzi yakhe ebalulekileyo koonyana babantu.” (Indi. 8, 15, 21, 31) INdumiso 113 kuse kweye-118 zibizwa ngokuthi ziiNdumiso zeHallel. Ngokutsho kweMishnah, ezi ndumiso zazivunywa ngamaYuda ngePasika nangomhla wePentekoste, ngomthendeleko wemiNquba nangowokuHlaziywa Kwetempile.
19. INdumiso 117 yahluke njani kweye-119, kwaye ziziphi ezinye zeenkalo ezibalaseleyo kweye-119?
19 INdumiso 117 ibalasele ngobulula bayo, ekubeni iyeyona imfutshane kuzo zonke iindumiso nesona sahluko sifutshane eBhayibhileni. INdumiso 119 yeyona inde kuzo zonke iindumiso nakuzo zonke izahluko zeBhayibhile, njengoko ineendinyana ezili-176 neziqendu ezingama-22 ezilandelelaniswe ngokoonobumba kwaye zineendinyana ezisi-8 isiqendu ngasinye. Zonke ezi ndinyana ngaphandle kwezimbini (eyama-90 neye-122) zibhekisela ngandlel’ ithile kwilizwi okanye umyalelo kaYehova uThixo, kwisiqendu ngasinye ziphindaphinda aliqela okanye onke amabinzana asetyenziswe kwiNdumiso 19:7-14 athi (umyalelo, isingqino, izimiselo, umthetho, izigwebo). Kubhekiselwa kwilizwi likaThixo izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwezili-170 ngelinye lamabinzana asi-8 alandelayo: umthetho (imithetho), isigwebo (izigwebo), umyalelo, izimiselo, imimiselo, isingqino (izingqino), intetho (iintetho) nelizwi (amazwi).
20, 21. (a) Ziyintoni iiNgoma Zezinyuko? (b) Zikubonakalisa njani ukuyiqonda kukaDavide imfuneko yonqulo olumanyeneyo?
20 Ngokulandelayo, sifumana enye ingqokelela yeendumiso, iiNgoma Zezinyuko ezili-15, INdumiso 120-134. Abaguquleli baye baliguqulela ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo eli binzana kuba intsingiselo yalo ayiqondwa ngokupheleleyo. Bambi bathi libhekisela ekubalaseleni koko kuqulethwe zezi ndumiso, nangona kungabonakali sizathu sicacileyo sakubalasela kwazo ngaphezu kwezinye iindumiso eziphefumlelweyo. Abahlalutyi abaninzi bathi eli gama lisusela ekusetyenzisweni kwezi ngoma ngabanquli ababekuhambo, okanye ‘benyuka,’ besiya eYerusalem kwimithendeleko yaminyaka le, ekubeni uhambo lokuya kwikomkhulu lwalugqalwa njengokunyuka njengoko eso sixeko sasakhiwe kwindawo ephakamileyo ezintabeni zakwaYuda. (Thelekisa uEzra 7:9.) Ngokukodwa uDavide wayeyiqonda ngokunzulu imfuneko yokuba abantu bakaThixo bamanyane elunqulweni. Kwamvuyisa ukuva isimemo esithi: “Masiye endlwini kaYehova”; ibe izizwe zanyuka, ‘ukuze zibulele kwigama likaYehova.’ Ngenxa yoko walufuna ngokunyanisekileyo uxolo, unqabiseko nempumelelo yeYerusalem, ethandaza esithi: “Ngenxa yendlu kaYehova, uThixo wethu, ndiya kufuna okukulungeleyo.”—INdu. 122:1, 4, 9.
21 INdumiso 132 isixelela ngesifungo sikaDavide sokuba akasokuze aphumle de amfumanele indawo efanelekileyo yokuphumla uYehova, njengoko wayemelwa yityeya yomnqophiso. Yakuba iTyeya ibekwe eZiyon, ngoncuthu lwamabinzana abumbongo uYehova uchazwa njengothi uyinyulile iZiyon, “indawo yam yokuphumla kwam nanini; ndiya kuhlala apha, ngokuba oko ndikunqwenele.” Wasamkela esi sazulu sonqulo, “ngokuba uYehova wayimisela khona apho intsikelelo.” “Makakusikelele eZiyon uYehova.”—132:1-6, 13, 14; 133:3; 134:3; bona kwaneNdumiso 48.
22. (a) Ukufanelwa kukaYehova yindumiso kubalaseliswa njani? (b) Umxholo ozukileyo wale ncwadi ufikelela njani kwincopho kwiindumiso zokugqibela?
22 INdumiso 135 iphakamisa uYehova njengoThixo ofanelwe kukudunyiswa owenza konke akuthandayo, ngokwahlukileyo kwizithixo ezililize nezingento, ezo abenzi bazo baya kuba njengazo. INdumiso 136 iyingoma yokubonisa indlela abantu abasabela ngayo, ndinyana nganye iqukumbela ngokuthi: “Ngokuba ingunaphakade inceba yakhe.” Olu hlobo lokusabela luboniswa njengoluye lwasetyenziswa kwizihlandlo ezininzi. (1 Kron. 16:41; 2 Kron. 5:13; 7:6; 20:21; Ezra 3:11) INdumiso 137 ibalisa indlela amaYuda awayeyilangazelela ngayo iZiyon ezintliziyweni zawo xa ayesekuthinjweni eBhabhiloni kwaye ingqinela ukuba awazange azilibale iingoma, okanye iindumiso zaseZiyon nangona ayekude nelizwe lawo. INdumiso 145 ibalaselisa ukulunga nobukumkani bukaYehova, ibonisa ukuba “ungumgcini wabo bonke abamthandayo, abatshabalalise bonke abangendawo.” (Indi. 20) Yandula ke, njengomqukumbelo ochukumisayo, INdumiso 146-150 ibalaselise umxholo ozukileyo wale ncwadi, nganye ivula ize iqukumbele ngamagama athi, “Haleluya [“Dumisani uYa, nina bantu,” NW]!” Lo mhobe wokudumisa ufikelela kwincopho ezukileyo kwiNdumiso ye-150, apho izihlandlo ezili-13 kwiindinyana nje ezintandathu kubongozwa yonke indalo ukuba idumise uYehova.
ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE YINGENELO
23. (a) Sisiphi isigidimi esakhayo esikwiiNdumiso? (b) Igama nolongamo lukaYehova luphakanyiswa njani?
23 Ngenxa yokuba zisulungekile kubuhle nakwisimbo sokubhalwa kwazo, iindumiso zeBhayibhile zimele ziqukwe phakathi kwezona ncwadi zixatyisiweyo nakuluphi na ulwimi. Noko ke, zibaluleke ngakumbi kunoncwadi nje. Zisisigidimi esakhayo esivela kuMongami Ophakamileyo wendalo iphela, uYehova uThixo. Ziyasinceda siqonde iimfundiso ezisisiseko zeBhayibhile, ubukhulu becala zibalaselisa uYehova, uMsunguli wazo. Zimbonisa ngokucacileyo njengoMdali wendalo iphela nako konke okukuyo. (8:3-9; 90:1, 2; 100:3; 104:1-5, 24; 139:14) Igama elithi Yehova libalaseliswa kunene encwadini yeeNdumiso, apho livela izihlandlo ezimalunga nama-700 (NW). Ukongezelela koku, imo efinyeziweyo yokuthi “uYa” ifumaneka izihlandlo ezingama-43 (NW), ngenxa yoko igama likaThixo likhankanywa izihlandlo ezi-5, ngokomlinganiselo, kwiNdumiso nganye. Ngaphezu koko, izihlandlo ezimalunga nama-350 (NW) kuthethwa ngoYehova njengokuthi ʼElo·himʹ, okanye uThixo. Ulawulo lukaYehova oluphakamileyo luboniswa ngokubhekisela kuye ‘njengeNkosi enguMongami’ kwiindumiso eziliqela.—68:20; 69:6; 71:5; 73:28; 140:7; 141:8.
24. Kuthiwani kwiiNdumiso ngokuphathelele umntu ofayo, kwaye sisiphi isiluleko esisengqiqweni esinikelwayo?
24 Ngokwahlukileyo kuThixo ongunaphakade, umntu ofayo uchazwa njengozalelwe esonweni nofuna umhlanguli, kwaye uboniswa njengofayo aze abuyele “eluthulini,” esihlela eSheol, ingcwaba eliqhelekileyo loluntu. (6:4, 5; 49:7-20; 51:5, 7; 89:48; 90:1-5; 115:17; 146:4) Incwadi yeeNdumiso ibethelela imfuneko yokuthobela umyalelo kaThixo nokukholosa ngoYehova. (1:1, 2; 62:8; 65:5; 77:12; 115:11; 118:8; 119:97, 105, 165) Ilumkisa nxamnye nokuzikhukhumalisa ‘nezono ezifihliweyo’ (NW) (19:12-14; 131:1) kwaye ikhuthaza unxulumano olunyanisekileyo nolwakhayo. (15:1-5; 26:5; 101:5) Ibonisa ukuba ihambo efanelekileyo ibangela ukwamkeleka kuYehova. (34:13-15; 97:10) Inikela ithemba eliqaqambileyo xa isithi “usindiso lolukaYehova” nokuthi uya ‘kuwuhlangula ekufeni umphefumlo wabo bamoyikayo.’ (3:8; 33:19) Oku kusizisa kwinxalenye yesiprofeto.
25. (a) Incwadi yeeNdumiso phantse izaliswe yintoni? (b) UPetros wazisebenzisa njani IiNdumiso ekuchazeni uDavide Omkhulu?
25 Phantse incwadi yeeNdumiso izaliswe ziziprofeto ezalatha kuYesu Kristu, “unyana kaDavide,” nendima yakhe njengoMthanjiswa noKumkani kaYehova.a (Mat. 1:1) Njengoko ibandla lobuKristu lasekwayo ngomhla wePentekoste yowama-33 C.E., umoya oyingcwele waqalisa ukubakhanyisela abapostile ngenzaliseko yezi ziprofeto. Kwangolo suku, uPetros wacaphula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwincwadi yeeNdumiso ephuhlisa umxholo wentetho yakhe edumileyo. Le ntetho yayinokuthanani nomntu othile: “UYesu waseNazarete.” Phantse yonke inxalenye yokugqibela yentetho yakhe isekelwe kwizicatshulwa ezikwiiNdumiso ezingqina ukuba uKristu Yesu unguDavide Omkhulu nokuba uYehova wayengayi kuwushiya umphefumlo kaYesu eHadesi kodwa wayeya kumvusa kwabafileyo. ‘UDavide akanyukanga waya emazulwini,’ kodwa njengokuba waxela kwangaphambili kwiNdumiso 110:1, yiNkosi yakhe eye yenjenjalo. Ngubani le Nkosi kaDavide? UPetros ufikelela uvutho-ndaba lwakhe oluzukileyo aze ngehlombe aphendule esithi: “[Ngulo] Yesu nambethelelayo”!—IZe. 2:14-36; INdu. 16:8-11; 132:11.
26. Intetho kaPetros yangqineka iyingenelo njani?
26 Ngaba intetho kaPetros, eyayisekelwe kwiiNdumiso, yaba yingenelo? Ukubhaptizwa kwabantu abamalunga nama-3 000 abongezelelwa kwibandla lamaKristu kwangolo suku kunikela impendulo kuloo mbuzo.—IZe. 2:41.
27. “Umoya oyingcwele” wayicacisa njani INdumiso 2?
27 Kungekudala emva koko, kwindibano ekhethekileyo, abafundi bakhunga kuYehova baza bacaphula INdumiso 2:1, 2. Bathi le ndumiso yazaliseka xa abalawuli bamanyanayo ukuze bachase ‘umkhonzi kaThixo oyingcwele uYesu, lowo [uThixo] wamthambisayo.’ Kwaye ingxelo ihlabela mgama isithi “bazaliswa bonke ngumoya oyingcwele.”—IZe. 4:23-31.
28. (a) Ngokusebenzisa iiNdumiso, yintoni uPawulos ayiphuhlisayo kumaHebhere isahluko 1 ukusa kwesesi-3? (b) INdumiso 110:4 imnika njani uPawulos isiseko sokuba athethe ngobubingeleli obunjengobukaMelkitsedeke?
28 Ngoku, khangela kwincwadi eya kumaHebhere. Kwizahluko ezibini zokuqala, sibona izicatshulwa eziliqela zeeNdumiso ngokuphathelele ubukhulu bukaYesu, njengoNyana kaThixo osetroneni ezulwini nowongamileyo kunezithunywa zezulu. UPawulos ubonisa ngokucaphula INdumiso 22:22 nezinye iimbekiselo ukuba uYesu unebandla ‘labazalwana,’ inxalenye yembewu ka-Abraham nabo ‘abelana nabo ngobizo lwasezulwini.’ (Heb. 2:10-13, 16; 3:1) Wandula ke, eqalela kumaHebhere 6:20 ukusa kwisahluko 7, lo mpostile anabe ngesikhundla esongezelelekileyo uYesu anaso ‘njengombingeleli omkhulu ngokohlobo lukaMelkitsedeke ngonaphakade.’ Oku kubhekisela kwidinga uThixo awalifungelayo kwiNdumiso 110:4, elo uPawulos abhekisela kulo izihlandlo ezininzi ekungqineni ukuba ububingeleli bukaYesu bungaphezulu kobo buka-Aron. UPawulos ucacisa ukuba ngokwesifungo sikaYehova uYesu Kristu ungumbingeleli, kungekhona emhlabeni, kodwa ezulwini kwaye “uhleli engumbingeleli ngokungapheliyo”—iingenelo zenkonzo yakhe njengombingeleli ziya kuba zezikanaphakade.—Heb. 7:3, 15-17, 23-28.
29. Nguwuphi umzekelo obalaseleyo wokubonisa intlonelo esifanele siwulandele, njengokuba uchazwe kwiiNdumiso waza wacaciswa kumaHebhere 10:5-10?
29 Ngokubhekele phaya, kumaHebhere 10:5-10, sixelelwa ngokuliqonda kakuhle kukaYesu ikhondo lokuzincama elalikukuthanda kukaThixo ngaye nokuzimisela kwakhe ukukuphumeza. Oku kusekelwe kumazwi kaDavide akwiNdumiso 40:6-8. Lo moya ungumzekelo wokuhlonela uThixo uyingenelo enkulu kuthi sonke kwaye sifanele siwuxelise khon’ ukuze sifumane inkoloseko kaThixo.—Bona kwaneNdumiso 116:14-19.
30. IiNdumiso zalichaza njani kusengaphambili nangokweenkcukacha ikhondo likaYesu, kwaye kumele ukuba zamthuthuzela njani?
30 Ikhondo uYesu awalithabathayo, elafikelela incopho yalo kubunzima oboyikekayo awabunyamezelayo kumthi wentuthumbo, laxelwa kwangaphambili kwiiNdumiso ngokweenkcukacha eziphawulekayo. Oku kwakuquka ukunikwa kwakhe iviniga ukuba ayisele, ukwenziwa kwamaqashiso ngeengubo zakhe, inkohlakalo eyenziwa kwizandla nakwiinyawo zakhe, ukugculelwa, nokubandezeleka okukrakra ngakumbi kwasengqondweni okwavakaliswa kukudanduluka kwakhe okwakubangelwa yintlungu engcungcuthekisayo esithi: “Thixo wam! Thixo wam! Undishiye ngani na?” (Mat. 27:34, 35, 43, 46; INdu. 22:1, 7, 8, 14-18; 69:20, 21) Njengokuba kuboniswa nguYohane 19:23-30, kwanasebudeni bezo yure, uYesu umele ukuba wakhuthazwa kakhulu yintuthuzelo nalulwalathiso olukwiiNdumiso, esazi ukuba zonke ezi zibhalo zazimele zizaliseke de kufikelele kwiinkcukacha zokugqibela. UYesu wayesazi ukuba IiNdumiso zazithethile ngokuvuswa nokuphakanyiswa kwakhe. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo wayecinga ngezinto ezinjalo xa wayekhokela abapostile bakhe ‘ekuvumeni ingoma yokudumisa,’ okanye iindumiso, kubusuku bokugqibela ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.—Mat. 26:30.
31. Incwadi yeeNdumiso yathini kusengaphambili mayela neMbewu yoBukumkani nebandla likaYesu?
31 Ngaloo ndlela IiNdumiso zicacisa ngokuphandle ukuba “unyana kaDavide” neMbewu yoBukumkani nguKristu Yesu, ngoku ophakanyisiweyo njengoKumkani noMbingeleli kwiZiyon yasezulwini. Asikho isithuba esaneleyo sokuba kungacaciswa ngokweenkcukacha zonke iinxalenye zeeNdumiso ezicatshulwe kwiZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike ezithe zazaliseka kulo Mthanjiswa kaYehova, kodwa apha kudweliswe imizekelo embalwa engakumbi: INdu. 78:2—Mat. 13:31-35; INdu. 69:4—Yoh. 15:25; INdu. 118:22, 23—Marko 12:10, 11 neZe. 4:11; INdu. 34:20—Yoh. 19:33, 36; INdu. 45:6, 7—Heb. 1:8, 9. Kwakhona, ibandla likaYesu labalandeli bokwenyaniso laxelwa kwangaphambili kwiiNdumiso, kungekhona njengabantu ngabanye, kodwa njengeqela elingeniswa kubabalo lukaThixo liphuma kuzo zonke iintlanga ukuze labelane ngomsebenzi wokudumisa igama likaYehova.—INdu. 117:1—Roma 15:11; INdu. 68:18—Efe. 4:8-11; INdu. 95:7-11—Heb. 3:7, 8; 4:7.
32. (a) Ukuhlolisisa IiNdumiso kutyhila ntoni ngokuthethelelwa kukaYehova nangeenjongo zoBukumkani? (b) Ekuqondeni kwethu isikhundla sakhe sokuba engukumkani, sifanele sikubonakalise njani ukunyaniseka nokuba nombulelo?
32 Ukuhlolisisa kwethu IiNdumiso kusenza sisiqonde isikhundla sikaYehova uThixo sokuba ngukumkani, nto leyo ayibonakalisa ngeMbewu ethenjisiweyo neNdlalifa yoBukumkani, ukuze azukiswe aze athethelelwe. Kwanga singasoloko siphakathi kwabo banyanisekileyo abavuyela ‘ubungangamsha obuzukileyo bendili kaYehova’ nekuthethwa ngabo kwiNdumiso 145, ekubhekiselwa kuyo ‘njengeyokudumisa kaDavide’: “Uzuko lobukumkani bakho balutsho, bathethe ngobugorha bakho. Ukuba babazise oonyana babantu ubugorha bakhe, ubuqaqawuli obuhle bobukumkani bakhe. Ubukumkani bakho bubukumkani bamaphakade onke, nolawulo lwakho lukwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.” (INdu. 145:5, 11-13) Ngokuvisisana nale ndumiso ibuprofeti, ubungangamsha boBukumkani bukaThixo obumiselweyo nobulawulwa nguKristu kwanangoku buyavakaliswa koonyana babantu bazo zonke iintlanga. Hayi indlela esimele sibe nombulelo ngayo ngobu Bukumkani noKumkani wabo! Eneneni, afanelekile amazwi okuqukumbela eeNdumiso athi: “Yonke into ephefumlayo mayimdumise uYehova. Haleluya!”—150:6.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a I-Insight on the Scriptures, Umqu. 2, iphepha 710-11.
[Imibuzo YeSifundo]