“Isipho Esikhulu” EPoland
NGOJULAYI 6, 1525, uMlawuli waseHohenzollern uAlbrecht wabhengeza unqulo lwamaLuthere njengonqulo lweSizwe. Ngoko ke, uLawulo lwasePrussia, xa yayilawulwa yiPoland, lwaba lilizwe lokuqala eYurophu ukwamkela ngokusemthethweni iimfundiso zikaMartin Luther.
UAlbrecht wayefuna ukwenza iKönigsberg—ikomkhulu leMpuma Prussia—ibe liziko lobuProtestanti. Waseka iyunivesithi kweso sixeko waza wakhuthaza ukushicilelwa kwemibhalo yamaLuthere ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Ngowe-1544, lo mlawuli wayalela ukuba abantu basePoland bamele beve iinxalenye zeZibhalo Ezingcwele zifundwa ngolwimi lwabo. Noko ke, yayingekabikho iBhayibhile yolwimi lwalapho ngelo xesha.
Inguqulelo Yolwimi ‘Oluthethwa Mihla Le’
Ukulungisa loo meko, uAlbrecht waqalisa ukufuna umntu onokuvelisa inguqulelo yesiPolish yeZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike. Malunga nowe-1550, waqesha umbhali, umthengisi weencwadi, nomshicileli ogama linguJan Seklucjan. USeklucjan wayephumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseLeipzig ibe wayedume ngokukhathaza iCawa yamaKatolika ngenxa yokusasaza kwakhe iimfundiso zamaProtestanti. Enyanisweni, ngaphambili wayekhe waya apho eKönigsberg ebaleka ityala lokusasaza iinkolelo zakhe.
UJan Seklucjan wayekhangele phambili ekuveliseni inguqulelo yesiPolish yeZibhalo. Emva konyaka nje eqalisile ukuguqulela, wayesele epapashe imibhalo yokuqala yeVangeli kaMateyu. Le nguqulelo yakhe yayiquka amagqabaza asecaleni naluncedo awayebonisa ezinye iindlela zokuguqulela ezinye iindinyana. Akuzange kube kudala, waba sele esongamela ukushicilelwa kwenguqulelo equlethe zonke iincwadi zeVangeli. Kwiminyaka nje emithathu, wayesele ezishicilele zonke iZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike.
Ukuze avelise inguqulelo echanileyo, umguquleli wayemele ahlolisise iinguqulelo zesiGrike. Ukongezelela koko, intshayelelo yenguqulelo yowe-1551 yathi uye wahlolisisa iinguqulelo zesiLatini “nezezinye iilwimi.” UStanisław Rospond, umbhali weStudies on the Polish Language of the 16th Century, uchaza le nguqulelo “njengesemagqabini nefundeka ngokutyibilikayo.” URospond uthi, umguquleli wayo akazange alibale “bubuceducedu bolwimi.” Kunoko wayezimisele ukusebenzisa isiPolish “esithethwa mihla le.”
Nakuba lo kaSeklucjan wayesongamela lo msebenzi, kuyabonakala ukuba yayingenguye oyena mguquleli. Ngubani ke, lo wayengumguquleli ofundileyo? NguStanisław Murzynowski, umfana ekubonakala ukuba wayeneminyaka nje engaphezu kwama-20 ubudala xa wayeqeshwa nguSeklucjan kulo msebenzi unzima.
UMurzynowski wazalelwa kwenye idolophana, kodwa wathi akuba mdala ngokwaneleyo uyise wamthumela eKönigsberg esiya kuqalisa izifundo zakhe zesiGrike nesiHebhere. Emva koko, wangena kwiYunivesithi yaseWittenberg, eJamani apho kusenokwenzeka ukuba wadibana khona noMartin Luther. Lo mfundi uselula waphulaphula izifundo zikaPhilipp Melanchthon, ekucacayo ukuba wamnceda wasiqonda kakuhle isiGrike nesiHebhere. Emva kokwandisa izifundo zakhe eItali, wabuyela eKönigsberg waza wasebenzela uMlawuli uAlbrecht.
Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Bible in the Polish Language, uMaria Kossowska uthi: “UMurzynowski wasebenza ngamandla waza waphumelela, kodwa akazange atsalele ingqalelo kuye, afune iindawo eziphezulu, okanye acele ukuba igama lakhe libhalwe kwiphepha lokuqala laloo nguqulelo.” Enyanisweni, lo mfana uthi xa ebhala ngaye: “Andilochule ncam lokubhala isiLatini okanye isiPolish.” Nakuba wayezithandabuza, uMurzynowski waba sisixhobo sokwenza iLizwi likaThixo lifumaneke kubantu basePoland. Ugxa wakhe uSeklucjan, uchaza le nguqulelo yabo ngokuthi “sisipho esikhulu” ePoland.
Esinye Sezona Zipho Zikhulu
Ukususela kuloo nguqulelo yokuqala yeBhayibhile yesiPolish, zininzi ezinye eziye zalandela. Ngowe-1994 kwakhululwa INguqulelo Yehlabathi Elitsha YeZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike, kwaza ngowe-1997 kwakhululwa epheleleyo INguqulelo Yehlabathi Elitsha YeZibhalo Ezingcwele kwangolo lwimi. Abaguquleli abangatsaleli ngqalelo kubo bazimisela ukudlulisela iLizwi likaThixo kungekuphela nje ngendlela echanileyo kodwa nangolwimi oluthethwa mihla le, nakuba ingelulo olo lwenkulungwane ye-16.
Namhlanje iBhayibhile epheleleyo okanye iinxalenye zayo ifumaneka ngeelwimi ezimalunga nama-2 400. Ukuba unayo inguqulelo echanileyo yeLizwi likaThixo ngolwimi lwakho, isesinye sezona zipho zikhulu unokuzifumana, isipho esivela kuYehova uThixo ukuze sikwalathise.—2 Timoti 3:15-17.
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Ilitye lesikhumbuzo likaStanisław Murzynowski, umguquleli ‘weTestamente Entsha’ yesiPolish
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Isahluko 3 sencwadi kaMateyu eyaguqulelwa nguStanisław Murzynowski
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Dzięki uprzejmości Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego