Achichepere Amakono Zitokoso Zimene Amakumana Nazo

“KUFUFUZA kukusonyeza kuti zaka zauchichepere mosakaikira ziri pakati pa nthaŵi zozunguza ndi zotsendereza kwenikweni m’moyo.” Umu ndi mmene analembera Dr. Bettie B. Youngs m’bukhu lake lakuti Helping Your Teenager Deal With Stress. M’nthaŵi zakale, achichepere ankakhala nawo phee ubwana. Komabe, m’nthaŵi zamakono, iwo afunikira kulaka zonse ziŵiri zothetsa nzeru zaubwana ndi zotsendereza zoŵaŵa za moyo wa achikulire m’ma 1990.

Mu magazine a World Health, Dr. Herbert Friedman analemba motere: “Kusintha kuchokera paubwana kunka kuuchikulire sikunachitikirepo m’nyengo yokhala ndikusintha kochititsa nthumanzi chotereku ndi kalelonse, kaya kukhale kuwonjezereka kwa anthu kochititsa kakasi m’dziko, kukula m’mangum’mangu kwa matauni komwe kwatsatira ichi, ndi kusintha m’zopangapanga kuloza ku lukanelukane wogwiritsira ntchito pokambirana ndi zoyendera komwe kwapanga mikhalidwe yosachitikapo ndi kalelonse m’kamphindi kochepa.”

Chotero msungwana wachichepere wina wotchedwa Kathy akuti: “Nkovutadi kwabasi kukulira m’nthaŵi yonga yathuyi.” Kumwerekera ndi mankhwala ogodomalitsa, kudzipha, kugwiritsira molakwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa—izi ndizo zimene achichepere ena amayankhira nazo kupsyinjika ndi kutsendereza kwa ‘nthaŵi zowawitsa’ zino.—2 Timoteo 3:1.

Kusintha m’Banja

Dr. Youngs akukumbukira motere: “Makolo athu anali ndi nthaŵi yokhala nafe. Ambirife tinali ndi amayi omwe anapanga kulera ana kukhala ntchito ya nthaŵi zonse.” Komatu lerolino, “akazi ambiri samazichita zimenezi kapena iwo amasankha kusakhala panyumba ndi kulera ana awo nthaŵi zonse. Iwo amagwira ntchito ndipo afunikira kugawa nthaŵiyi pakati pa ntchito ndi mabanja. Tsiku liribe maola okwanira; chimodzi cha izi chiyenera kuipatsa chinzake. Kaŵirikaŵiri, chimene chimapatsa chinzake ndicho nthaŵi ndi kuchilikiza kumene kholo lifunikira kupatsa mwana wake. M’nthaŵi yovuta kwambiriyi m’moyo, wachichepere amasiidwa kuti alimbane yekha ndi kusintha kwakuthupi, kwamaganizo, ndi kwamalingaliro.”—Helping Your Teenager Deal With Stress.

Mosakaikira ma 1990 adzapitirizabe kuwona kugwirizana kwa mabanja kukusinthidwa modabwitsa ndi chisudzulo (50 peresenti ya maukwati mu United States amatha mwa kusudzulana), kubadwa kwa ana am’chigololo, ndi chikhoterero chomakulakula cha kukhala kwa anthu aŵiri pamodzi popanda ukwati. Pakali pano, pafupifupi banja limodzi mwa mabanja anayi mu United States likutsogozedwa ndi kholo limodzi. Mabanja omwe akuchuluka ndimabanja olera opangidwa mwa kukwatiranso.

Kodi kulingalira ndi kuganiza kwa ana m’mabanja oterewa kuli pangozi ya kuvulazidwa? Mwachitsanzo, ena amati ana okhala m’mabanja a kholo limodzi ngowunikiridwa kwabasi ku kusungulumwa, chisoni, ndi kupanda chisungiko kuposa achichepere oleredwa m’mabanja achibadwa. Zowona, mabanja ambiri a kholo limodzi ndi mabanja olera mwachiwonekere amachitabe bwino popanda chivulazo chirichonse kwa ana. Komabe, Malemba amachimveketsa kuti Mulungu anafuna kuti ana adzileredwa ndi makolo aŵiri. (Aefeso 6:1, 2) Kupatuka pa mkhalidwe weniweni uwu nkotsimikizira kubweretsa kupsyinjika ndi kutsenderezeka kowonjezereka.

Masinthidwe m’moyo wa banja akuchitikanso m’maiko otukuka kumene ambiri. Mu awa, kapangidwe kachibadwa kanali ka kukhala ndi banja lofutukuka, lomwe ziŵalo zonse zachikulire za banja zinakhalamo ndi phande m’kulera ana. Kupangidwa kwa matauni ndi maindasitale kukudula mofulumira zomangira zabanja lofutukuka—ndi kuperekedwa kwa chilikizo lofunikira kwa achichepere.

Mkazi wina wachichepere wa ku Afirika akulemba motere: “Kulibeko azakhali kapena wachibale wina aliyense wondilangiza chimene kukula kumatanthauza. Makolo amangoyembekezera kuti nkhaniyi idzaphunziridwa kusukulu—ndipo sukulu nayonso imalekera nkhaniyi kwa makolo. Lingaliro lakuti ana nawonso ndi nzika za m’mudzi linatheratu.”a

Nkhaŵa Zachuma

Achichepere amadetsedwanso nkhaŵa kwambiri ndi chuma chadziko chomaipabe. Kwenikweni, achichepere 4 mwa 5 amakhala m’maiko otukuka kumene ndipo amayang’anizana ndi ziyembekezo za umphaŵi ndi ulova wopanda polekezera. Luv wa zaka 17 zakubadwa, yemwe ndi nzika ya ku India akuti: “Panthaŵi ino, achichepere ambiri m’dziko lathu akuyang’anizana ndi ulova, chotero kodi nkodabwitsa kuti achichepere amadwala ndi kukhala opanda chimwemwe, kukhala minkhole ya ukamberembere wakutiwakuti, kuthaŵa panyumba kapena ngakhale kudzipha?”

Achichepere a m’maiko okhupuka a Kumadzulo nawonso ali ndi nkhaŵa zawo za ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, lingalirani kufufuza achichepere kwa ku U.S. kochitiridwa lipoti m’magazine a Children Today uku: “Atafunsidwa kufotokoza nkhani zenizeni zimene zinaŵadetsa nkhaŵa, achicheperewa anawonekera kutchula nkhani zokhudza ndalama ndi mtsogolo.” Pakati pa zinthu khumi zodetsa nkhaŵa achichepere panali “kulipirira koleji,” “kuyang’anizana ndi kugwa [kwa chuma] kwa dziko lawo,” ndi “kusapatsidwa mailipiro okwanira.”

Komabe, mongowonera patali, akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti ngakhale achichepere okhala ndi mwaŵi wachuma nawonso adzavutika m’kupita kwanthaŵi. Magazine a Newsweek anati: “M’ma 80, ophunzira sukulu yasekondale [ku U.S.] atatu mwa anayi ankagwira ntchito pa avereji ya maola 18 pamlungu ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri ankabwerera kunyumba ndi ndalama zoposa $200 pamwezi”—mwinamwake izi zinali ndalama zodyera zambiri kuposa zimene makolo awo ankakhala nazo! Mwachidziŵikire, “malipirowa anawonongedwera mofulumira pamagalimoto, zovala, mawailesi ndi zosangalatsa zina zabwino kwa achichepere.”

Mlembi Bruce Baldwin akunena kuti achicheperewa “amakula akumayembekezera . . . kuti moyo wabwino udzakhalapobe kaya akhale akukumana ndi kuŵerengera kwa munthu mwini ndi kusonkhezera kwa zokwaniritsa kapena ayi.” Komatu “amagalamutsidwa ndi mavuto atachoka panyumba. Kwenikweni maloto a kukhala ndi nyumba yabwinowa angakhale osiyana kwenikweni ndi ziyembekezo za kugwira ntchito ndi zokhumba zenizeni zopikisana za achikulire kwakuti angakumane ndi chinachake chofanana ndi kuzizwitsidwa kwachilendo.”

Kusintha kwa Malamulo Amakhalidwe ndi Mapindu

Kusintha kwadzawoneni kwa makhalidwe ndi mapindu ena kulinso magwero osokoneza pakati pa achichepere. “Liwu lakuti kugonana . . . pamene agogo anga anali achichepere silinamvedwepo,” watero Ramani, mkazi wachichepere wa ku Sri Lanka. “Kugonana kwa muukwati sikunali kokambitsirana, osati ngakhale m’banja kapena ndi dokotala, ndipo kugonana kunja kwaukwati kunalibeko.” Komabe, mwambo wakalekalewu watheratu psyiti. “Kugonana kwa achichepere kwangokhala pafupifupi njira ya moyo,” iye anasimba tero.

Nkosadabwitsa kuti, pamene kufufuza kunachitidwa pa ophunzira 510 pasukulu yasekondale mu United States, kunapezedwa kuti chinthu chachiŵiri chowadetsa nkhaŵa chinali “chakuti angayambukiridwe ndi AIDS”! Komatu popeza kuti tsopano chitseko cha “makhalidwe atsopano” chatsegulidwiratu, achichepere oŵerengeka akuwonekera kukhala ofunitsitsa kukhala osamalitsa pankhani iriyonse yokhudza kuchitsekanso mwa kuyanjana ndi munthu m’modzi yekha—ngochepera omwe amayembekezera kufikira ukwati. Monga mmene wachichepere wina Wachifalansa anafunsira kuti: “Kodi tingadzisamalire kukhala okhulupirika m’moyo wathu wonse pamsinkhu wathuwu?” Chotero AIDS ndi matenda ena opatsirana mwa kugonana adzapitirizabe kuwopsyeza moyo ndi umoyo wa achichepere ambiri.

Kodi Pali Mtsogolo Motani?

Achichepere alinso ndi chowadetsa nkhaŵa china choŵavutitsa. Chiyembekezo cha kuloŵa m’dziko lapansi lowonongedwa—chifunda thambo chake chitasungunulidwa, kutentha kwake kukukwera chifukwa cha chiyambukiro cha kuwonongeredwa zomera, nkhalango zake zobiriŵirazi zitalikhidwa, mpweya wake ndi madzi zitakhala zosayenerera kupuma ndi kumwa—izi zimadetsa nkhaŵa achichepere ambiri. Ngakhale kuti tsopano ikuchita ngati ikutha, chiwopsyezo cha nkhondo ya nyukliya chimapangitsa ena kuzizwa kuti kaya ngati anthu adzakhala ndimtsogolo!

Pamenepo, nkwachiwonekere kuti achichepere lerolino akuyang’anizana ndi zitokoso zazikulu. Popanda thandizo, chitsogozo, ndi malangizo, chimwemwe chawo chatsopano lino ndi chamtsogolo chidzakhaladi pachiswe. Ndipo popanda chiyembekezo chamtsogolo, palibe malingaliro achisungiko amene angafikiridwe. Mwamwaŵi, thandizo kaamba ka achichepere alerolino liripo kale.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 6]

Kusweka kwa mabanja kupyolera m’chisudzulo ndi kulekana kwalanda achichepere ambiri chilikizo laukholo lofunikira