Mizinda Yaikulu Ikupuyira Pang’onopang’ono

MIZINDA yaikulu kuzungulira padziko lonse, matauni aakulu, akukulirakulira, akumakopa mamiliyoni a anthu omwe akufunafuna ntchito, nyumba, ndi moyo wabwinopo wa mumzinda. Koma malipiro ake ngoŵaŵa. Ngakhale kupuma mpweya chabe m’mizinda yaikulukulu imeneyi kukukhala kwangozi mokulirapo nthaŵi zonse kulinga ku thanzi la anthu.

Lipoti laposachedwapa la UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) ndi World Health Organization limasonyeza kuti kuipitsa mpweya m’mizinda 20 pakati pa mizinda yaikulu koposa ya padziko lonse kwakhala kukuipiraipira. “M’zochitika zina,” ikutero Our Planet, magazini ofalitsidwa mu Kenya ndi UNEP, “kuipitsa mpweya kwakhala koipitsitsa mofanana ndi mpweya wautsi wa mu London zaka 40 zapitazo.” Anthu a ku Mexico City ndiwo okhudzidwa kwenikweni m’nkhani imeneyi, koma anthu mamiliyoni makumi ambiri okhala m’mizinda yoteroyo monga Bangkok, Beijing, Cairo, ndi São Paulo nawonso sali pa mkhalidwe wabwinopo.

Kodi mpweya m’mizinda imeneyi uli wangozi motani? Eya, kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa zazikulu, zonga sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ndi lead, kuli kwangozi m’njira zambiri. Ziyambukiro zake pathupi zili zochuluka: matenda a m’chifuŵa ndi mtima, kuwonongeka kwa minyewa, ndipo ngakhale matenda a m’mafuta a m’fupa, chiŵindi, ndi impso.

Kodi nchiyani chimene chikuchititsa kuipitsako? Chochititsa chachikulu koposa m’mizinda imeneyi, malinga ndi kunena kwa Our Planet, ndicho galimoto. Popeza kuti chiŵerengero cha pakali pano cha galimoto padziko lonse—mamiliyoni 630—“chikuyembekezeredwa kuŵirikiza kaŵiri mkati mwa zaka 20-30 zokha zilinkudzazo, makamaka m’mizinda,” mpweya wa m’mizinda ukuoneka kukhala wodetsa nkhaŵa kwenikweni mtsogolo. Choipiraponso nchakuti, njira zotetezera zimene zatengedwa nzoŵerengeka chabe, popeza kuti, monga momwe lipotilo likunenera, m’mizinda yaikulu yochuluka “anthu ambiri sakuzindikira ukulu wa vutolo.” Pamenepo, nzosadabwitsa kuti Our Planet ikusonkhezera mizinda yoteroyo kuika chisamaliro choyambirira pa njira zoyeretsera mpweya. Ngati chimenechi sichichitidwa, mtsogolo mudzakhala zowopsa. Malinga ndi kufufuza kwa magaziniwo, “mizinda imeneyi ikuyang’anizana ndi kupuyira kwa pang’onopang’ono pamene mkhalidwe wa mpweya wawo ukuipiraipira.”