Kubwerera m’Zakale Polimbana ndi Malungo

Pamene kuli kwakuti maganizo a anthu padziko aperekedwa ku nkhondo zachiweniweni, upandu, ulova, ndi mavuto ena, imfa zochititsidwa ndi malungo sizimatchulidwa panyuzi panthaŵi yamadzulo pamene anthu ambiri amamvetsera nyuzi. Komabe, pafupifupi theka la anthu onse padziko lapansi lerolino, akutero a bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO), ali pangozi yakudwala malungo, ndipo anthu ngati 300 mpaka 500 miliyoni amadwala chaka ndi chaka, kupangitsa malungo kukhala “nthenda yofalikira kopambana pa matenda onse a m’malo otentha ndiponso imodzi ya matenda akupha kwambiri.” Kodi ili yoopsa motani?

Pamasekondi 20 alionse wina amafa ndi malungo. Chiŵerengero chimenecho chimapanga imfa zoposa 1.5 miliyoni pachaka—chiŵerengero chofanana ndi chija cha anthu onse a m’dziko la m’Afirika la Botswana. Imfa zisanu ndi zinayi mwa imfa khumi za malungo zimachitikira m’madera otentha a Afirika, kumene unyinji wa akufawo ndi ana. Ku maiko a ku America, bungwe la WHO linapeza chiŵerengero chachikulu koposa cha malungo m’dera la Amazon. Kudula mitengo ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa dziko lapansi kwachititsa kuchuluka kwa imfa za malungo m’gawo limenelo la dziko. M’madera ena a Amazon a ku Brazil, vutolo tsopano lafika poopsa kwakuti anthu oposa 500 pa 1,000 alionse amadwala nthendayo.

Kaya mu Afirika, maiko a ku America, Asia, kapena kwina kulikonse, malungo amakantha kwakukulukulu anthu osauka kwambiri. Anthu ameneŵa, likutero bungwe la WHO, “samatha kwenikweni kupeza thandizo la chipatala, samathanso kudziteteza kwenikweni iwo okha ndipo ali otalikirana kwambiri ndi ntchito zachithandizo zoteteza malungo.” Ngakhale ndi choncho, sindiye kuti mkhalidwe wa osaukawo uli wopanda chiyembekezo chilichonse. M’zaka za posachedwapa, ikutero TDR News, nyuzipepala yonena za zofufuza matenda a m’malo otentha, imodzi ya njira zopatsa chiyembekezo kwambiri pakuteteza imfa za malungo yakhala yopezeka kwa ambiri. Imatchedwa chiyani njira yopulumutsa moyo imeneyo? Masikito oika mankhwala akupha udzudzu.

Mapindu a Masikito

Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsira ntchito masikito ili njira yakale, Dr. Ebrahim Samba, mkulu wa ofesi ya WHO mu Afirika, anauza a Panos Features, nyuzipepala ya bungwe la Panos Institute, kuti pamene anayesa kuti aone mmene masikito amagwirira ntchito pakuteteza malungo anapeza “zokondweretsa kwambiri.” Mu Kenya mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsira ntchito masikito oika mankhwala akupha udzudzu koma osavulaza anthu kwachepetsa imfa ndi chigawo chimodzi mwa zitatu za malungo pakati pa ana osafika zaka zisanu. Kuwonjezera pa kupulumutsa moyo, “masikito angachepetse kwambiri mtolo wa ntchito zosamalira imfa” chifukwa pangakhale odwala ochepa okha ofunikira kuwachiritsa malungo.

Komabe, padakali vuto lina lofunika kulithetsa: Ndani adzapereka ndalama zogulira masikitowo? Pamene anthu m’dziko lina la mu Afirika anapemphedwa kuti aperekepo ndalama, ochuluka anakana. Ndipo nzosadabwitsa zimenezo ponena za anthu okhala m’maiko amene amawononga ndalama zochepera $5 (U.S.) pachaka kusamalira thanzi la munthu mmodzi, moti ngakhale masikito—yoika mankhwala akupha udzudzu kapena yopanda mankhwalawo—kwa iwo si chinthu chofunika kwenikweni. Komabe, popeza kuti njira yoteteza imeneyi ingatayitse maboma ndalama zochepa kuposa zimene angatayire pakuchiritsa odwala malungo, akatswiri a UN anena kuti “ikakhala njira yogwiritsira ntchito mwanzeru ndalama za boma zovuta kupezazo ngati aziwonongera pakugula masikito oika mankhwala ophera udzudzuwo ndi kuwagaŵira.” Ndithudi, kupereka masikito ingakhale njira imene maboma angasungitsire ndalama. Komabe, kwa anthu osauka mamiliyoni ambiri, kumatanthauza zoposerapo—kumatanthauza kupulumutsa miyoyo yawo yeniyeniyo.

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 15]

CDC, Atlanta, Ga.