Kuchuluka kwa Chidziŵitso — Watchtower LAIBULALE YA PA INTANETI

Kuchuluka kwa Chidziŵitso

ZAKA za zana la 20 zakhala ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka chimene sichinakhalepo. Kaya mwa zinthu zolembedwa, zoulutsidwa pawailesi kapena pawailesi yakanema, Internet, kapena mwa njira zina, dziko ladzazidwa ndi chidziŵitso. David Shenk m’buku lake lakuti Data Smog—Surviving the Information Glut analemba kuti: “Kuchuluka kwa chidziŵitso kwabwera ngati chiopsezo chenicheni. . . . Tsopano pali kuthekera kwa kunenepa ndi chidziŵitso.”

Talingalirani za nyuzipepala yotchuka imodzi chabe ngati chitsanzo. Kukunenedwa kuti The New York Times pakusindikizidwa kwake kwa nthaŵi zonse patsiku, imakhala ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka kuposa chimene munthu wamba akanatha kupeza mu England mu zaka za zana la 17. Koma kuwonjezera pa nyuzipepala yotulutsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, magazini ndi mabuku a mtundu uliwonse pa nkhani zochuluka amawonjezera chidziŵitso chomwe chikutulutsidwa. Chaka chilichonse mabuku zikwi makumimakumi amatulutsidwa. Ndipo popeza kuti m’zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zilizonse chidziŵitso cha sayansi chimaŵirikiza kaŵiri, ndi posadabwitsa kuti padziko lonse magazini ofotokoza za maluso okha amapitirira 100,000. Ndiponso Internet ili ndi laibulale yaikulu yachidziŵitso kwa awo ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta.

Bwanji za magazini? Magazini a zamalonda, za amayi, zachinyamata, zamaseŵero ndi zosangulutsa—inde, magazini onena za pafupifupi nkhani zilizonse ndi zomwe anthu amakonda—asefukira m’dziko, onse akumafuna chisamaliro chathu. Nanga bwanji za wosatsa malonda wokulitsa zinthu zazing’ono—monga mmene wanenedwera molondola? M’buku lake lakuti Information Anxiety, Richard S. Wurman anati: “Mabungwe osatsa malonda akulimbana ndi mphamvu zathu zakuganiza ndi malonda ochuluka osatsidwa panthaŵi imodzi amene amafunikira kuti tiwapenye, tiwamvetsere, tinunkhize ndi kuwakhudza.” Amanenetsa kuti mukufunikira chinthu chaposachedwapa, chopangidwanso kumene kuti “mufanane ndi a Uje.”

Katswiri wa zamaganizo ndi wofufuza za kakhalidwe ka anthu wa ku Australia, Dr. Hugh MacKay ananena kuti ‘dziko likudzazidwa ndi chidziŵitso ndipo anthu akuitanidwira pa njira yotsogola yopezera chidziŵitso pamakompyuta.’ Vuto ndi lakuti, monga mmene Dr. MacKay akuonera, kuchuluka kwa maprogramu a nkhani ndi zochitika za posachedwapa pawailesi ndi pawailesi yakanema, pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwatsopano kwa chidziŵitso chopezeka pa makompyuta kwatsopano, kwapangitsa anthu ambiri kuvomereza chidziŵitso chofalitsidwa chimene kwenikweni chili chabe mbali yochepa ya mfundo zenizeni ndi zochitikazo, osati nkhani yonse.

Kodi Chidziŵitso Nchiyani?

Liwu la Chingelezi limene latembenuzidwa chidziŵitso lili ndi lingaliro la kuumba chinthu, mofanana kwambiri ndi mmene woumba mbiya amaumbira mbiya ndi dothi. Motero, matanthauzo ena a mneni “dziŵitsa” amapereka tanthauzo la “kuumba maganizo,” kapena “kukonza kapena kulangiza maganizo.” Oŵerenga ambiri angakumbukire bwino pamene, osati kale kwambiri, chidziŵitso chinali chabe ndandanda ya mfundo kapena nsonga zofotokoza za amene anachita chinthu, kumene anachitira, chimene anachita, pamene anachita, kapena mmene anachitira. Panalibe mawu apadera onena za chidziŵitso. Zimene timangofunikira kuchita ndizo kufunsira kapena kuyang’ana tokha.

Koma tsopano tili mu ma 1990, ndipo anthu ali ndi mawu onena za chidziŵitso atsopano ochuluka oti ameneŵa okha angayambitse msokonezo. Pamene kuli kwakuti ena a mawu ameneŵa ndi osavuta ndi omveka, monga ngati “infomania” (kukondetsa chidziŵitso), “technophilia” (kukondetsetsa za luso) ndi “nyengo ya chidziŵitso,” ena ndi ovuta zedi. Dziko lerolino likutengeka ndi infomania—chikhulupiriro chakuti munthu amene ali ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka amapambana awo amene ali ndi kuthekera kochepa kwa kuchipeza ndi kuti chidziŵitso tsopano sichofunika pa kupeza zinthu koma kuti ndi chofunika mwa icho chokha.

Kukondetsa chidziŵitso kumeneku kukuchirikizidwa ndi njira zolankhulirana zochuluka, monga ngati fax machine, telefoni ya m’manja ndi timakompyuta tating’ono, zomwe ena akuziganizira kuti ndi chizindikiro cha nyengo ya chidziŵitso. Ndi zoona kuti kusavuta kwake kugwiritsa ntchito, kufulumira kwake ndi mphamvu za makompyuta zatsegula khomo lopezera chidziŵitso kusiyana ndi kale lonse—pamlingo wokulira kwambiri kotero kuti Nicholas Negroponte, wa pa Massachusetts Institute of Technology, anati: “Makompyuta salinso ogwirira ntchito chabe. Ndiwo moyo.” Chotero, chidziŵitso ndi njira zochiperekera zaonedwa kukhala za mtengo wapatali zedi, ndipo nthaŵi zina kulemekezedwa, zikumakhala ndi anthu ochuluka ozichirikiza padziko lonse. Maprogramu a nkhani ndi zochitika za posachedwapa a pawailesi yakanema amaonedwa kukhala osanama, ndipo anthu osatsutsa ndi osavuta kunamizidwa amavomereza nkhani zosapindulitsa za m’maprogramu omwe anthu amakambitsirana ndi kufunsana mafunso pa TV.

Ndi chifukwa chakuti nyengo ya chidziŵitso yasintha mmene tikukhalira ndi moyo ndi mmene tikugwirira ntchito kuti anthu ambiri lerolino amavutika ndi “nkhaŵa ya chidziŵitso” mwa njira zosiyanasiyana. Kodi nkhaŵa ya chidziŵitso kwenikweni nchiyani? Kodi mungadziŵe bwanji ngati mwakhudzidwa? Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe mungachitepo?

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 13]