Kodi Nchiyani Chimachititsa Nkhaŵa Yofuna Kudziŵa Zambiri?

“NKHAŴA YOFUNA KUDZIŴA ZAMBIRI imakhalapo chifukwa cha kusiyana kwambiri pakati pa zimene timadziŵa ndi zimene tikuganiza kuti tiyenera kuzidziŵa. Iyo imayambika chifukwa chosoŵeka kanthu kena pakati pa maumboni ndi chidziŵitso, ndiponso timaimva pamene chidziŵitso sichimatiuza zimene tikufuna kapena zimene tifunikira kudziŵa.” Analemba choncho Richard S. Wurman m’buku lake lakuti Information Anxiety. “Kwa nthaŵi yaitali, anthu sanali kuzindikira kuti sankadziŵa zambiri—sanali kudziŵa zimene sanali kudziŵa. Koma tsopano anthu akuzindikira zimene samadziŵa, ndipo zimenezo zimawadetsa nkhaŵa.” Chifukwa cha zimenezo ambirife timaganiza kuti tiyenera kudziŵa zochuluka kuposa zimene tikudziŵa. Pachidziŵitso chochulukitsitsa chimene timamva, timatolapo tizidutswa tamaumboni. Koma nthaŵi zambiri sitimadziŵa kuti titani nato. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, tingaganize kuti wina aliyense amadziŵa ndipo amazindikira zambiri kutiposa. Pamenepo mpamene timayamba kuda nkhaŵa!

David Shenk anati chidziŵitso chochulukitsitsa chakhala ngati choipitsa chimene chimapanga “maumboni achimbuuzi.” Anatinso: “Maumboni achimbuuzi amatilepheretsa kudziŵa zinthu; amatilanda mtendere wamaganizo, ndipo amatilepheretsa kusinkhasinkha kofunika kwambiri. . . . Amatidetsa nkhaŵa kwenikweni.”

Nzoona kuti chidziŵitso chochulukitsitsa kapena kudziŵa zambiri kwambiri kumadetsa nkhaŵa, komanso nzoona kuti ngati tilibe chidziŵitso chokwanira, kapena ngati chidziŵitsocho chili cholakwika, zimadetsa nkhaŵanso. Zikufanana kwambiri ndi kuti munthu akhale wosungulumwa koma ali m’chipinda chodzaza anthu. Malinga ndi kunena kwa John Naisbitt m’buku lake lakuti Megatrends, “tikumira m’chidziŵitso koma tikufa ndi njala ya chidziŵitso.”

Mmene Upandu wa Pakompyuta Ungakukhudzireni

Chinthu china chodetsa nkhaŵa ndicho kuwonjezeka kwa upandu wapakompyuta. Dr. Frederick B. Cohen, m’buku lake lakuti Protection and Security on the Information Superhighway, anadandaula kuti: “A FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation] akuyerekezera kuti ndalama zonga [$5,000,000,000,] zimabedwa pa upandu wa pakompyuta. Ndipo simungakhulupirire kuti palinso upandu wina woposa umenewo. Kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa makina kwapangitsa anthu kupezerapo mwaŵi wowalima anzawo pamsana posainirana mapangano, kuwonongerana mbiri, kupambana pankhondo, ngakhale kupha anthu.” Kuwonjezera pa zimenezo, nkhaŵa ya anthu ikumakulakula chifukwa cha vuto lakuti ana akumaona zithunzithunzi zaumaliseche pakompyuta—ngakhalenso kutulukira zinsinsi za ena.

Anthu ena osaona mtima okonda makompyuta amaika dala m’makompyuta a ena maprogramu otchedwa “computer virus” kuti afufute chidziŵitso chonse chosungidwa m’kompyuta. Akatswiri a makompyuta amatsegula makompyuta a ena mopanda lamulo nkupezamo chidziŵitso chachinsinsi, nthaŵi zina amaba ngakhale ndalama. Zimenezo zingawononge zinthu za anthu ambiri amene amagwiritsira ntchito makompyuta. Upandu wapakompyuta ungawononge bizinesi ndi boma.

Tifunikira Kukhala Odziŵa Bwino Zinthu

Ndithudi, tonsefe tifunikira kukhala odziŵa bwino zinthu, koma sikuti chidziŵitso chochulukitsitsa chimatiphunzitsadi kwenikweni, chifukwa zimene zimakhala ngati nchidziŵitso zimangokhala chabe maumboni wamba, kapena maumboni osatsimikizika osakonzeka bwino, osakhudzana ndi zimene timadziŵa. Ena afikira pakunena kuti m’malo mwakuti tiziti “kuwonjezeka kwa chidziŵitso,” dzina loiyenera bwino nkhani imeneyi lingakhale lakuti “kuwonjezeka kwa maumboni” kapena monyodola kuti “kuwonjezeka kwa kupanda chidziŵitso.” Katswiri wa zachuma, Hazel Henderson, amaiona motere: “Chidziŵitso sichimatiphunzitsa nkomwe. Sitingathe kumveketsa bwino chimene chili chidziŵitso choipa, kapena chimene sichili chidziŵitso nkomwe, kapena chimene chili manenanena chabe m’dziko lodzaza atola nkhani lino.” Kungofuna kupeza chidziŵitso basi kwapangitsa kuti tipeze zidutswa zochulukitsitsa za maumboni osagwirizana, m’malo mwakuti tifunefune chidziŵitso chatsopano chatanthauzo.”

Joseph J. Esposito, pulezidenti wa bungwe lina lofalitsa mabuku lotchedwa Encyclopædia Britannica Publishing Group, ananena mosabisa mawu kuti: “Chidziŵitso chochuluka cha m’Nyengo ya Chidziŵitso ino changokhala chopanda pake; changokhala phokoso basi. Mawu akuti “Kuwonjezeka kwa Chidziŵitso ali oyenerera, kuwonjezeka kwakeko kumatsekereza mphamvu yathu yakumva kalikonse. Ngati sitingamve, sitingadziŵenso.” Orrin E. Klapp analongosola mmene akuionera nkhaniyo kuti: “Ndikuganiza kuti palibe aliyense amadziŵa kuti nkhani zambiri zimene anthu amamva zimangokhala ngati nchidziŵitso, zimakhala ngati zitiphunzitsa kanthu kena, koma kwenikweni sizimatiphunzitsa chilichonse.”

Mosakayikira, mukukumbukirabe kuti zambiri zimene munkachita kusukulu kunali kuphunzira maumboni kuti mudzapambane mayeso. Nthaŵi zambiri munkaloŵeza zinthu m’mutu nthaŵi yamayeso itayandikira. Kodi mukukumbukira pamene munkaphunzira mwa kuloŵeza mpambo wautali wa madeti pamaphunziro a histole? Kodi pakali pano mukukumbukirabe zochitika zingati ndi madeti angati? Kodi maumboni amenewo anakuphunzitsani kusinkhasinkha ndi kudziŵa kusankha zochita mwa nzeru?

Kodi Kudziŵa Zambiri Nkwabwino?

Ngati munthu sasamala, kukonda kupeza chidziŵitso chambiri kungamuwonongetse nthaŵi yambiri, kungamlepheretse kugona, kumuwonongera thanzi lake, ndipo ngakhale ndalama zake. Chifukwa ngakhale kuti chidziŵitso chambiri chimapatsa munthu ufulu wakusankha, chimampatsa nkhaŵa wofufuzayo, posadziŵa kuti kaya wachipendadi kapena kuchipezadi chidziŵitso chonse chimene chilipo. Dr. Hugh MacKay anachenjeza kuti: “Kwenikweni, chidziŵitso sindicho njira yodziŵira zinthu. Mwa icho chokha, chidziŵitso sichimatiuza tanthauzo la miyoyo yathu. Ukapeza chidziŵitso sikuti wapezanso nzeru iyayi. Ndithudi, monga chuma china chilichonse, chidziŵitso chingatilepheretse kupeza nzeru. Tingadziŵe zambiri monga mmene tingakhalire ndi katundu wambiri.”

Nthaŵi zambiri, sikuti anthu amangolemetsedwa ndi chidziŵitso chochulukitsitsa chimene chilipo lero, komanso ndi kulephera kwawo poyesayesa kusandutsa chidziŵitsocho kukhala chinthu china chimene anthu angamvetsetse, chinthu chatanthauzo, ndiponso chophunzitsadi. Ena atero kuti “tingafanane ndi munthu waludzu yemwe wapatsidwa chilango cha kumwa ndi kakapu madzi ochokera m’chipaipi chozimitsira moto. Kuchulukitsitsa kwa chidziŵitso chomwe chilipo ndi njira imene nthaŵi zambiri amachiperekera zimachititsa kuti chikhale chopanda ntchito kwa ife.” Choncho, chidziŵitso chomwe tingaganize kuti nchokwanira, tiyenera kumachipenda moyang’ana ubwino wake, osati kuchuluka kwake, ndipo tiziona mmene chidziŵitsocho chingatipindulitsire ifeyo.

Bwanji Nanga za Kutumiza Mauthenga?

Mawu ena otchuka lerolino ngakuti “kutumiza mauthenga.” Mawu amenewo amatanthauza kutumiza chidziŵitso pakompyuta. Ngakhale kuti zimenezo zili ndi ubwino wake, imeneyo si njira yabwino kwenikweni yolankhulirana. Chifukwa ninji? Chifukwa timalankhulana bwino ndi anthu osati ndi makina. Pakutumizirana mauthenga, sipamakhala kuonana nkhope ndi kuyang’anizana maso kapena kulankhulana ndi thupi, zinthu zomwe nthaŵi zambiri zimapangitsa kukambitsirana kukhala kwaumoyo ndi kogwira mtima. Pakukambitsirana kwa maso ndi maso, zinthu zimenezo zimathandizira kumveketsa bwino mawu. Zonsezi zimene zimathandiza anthu kumvetsetsana sizimatheka pakutumiza mauthenga pakompyuta, sizimatheka ngakhale pafoni yotchuka kwambiri ya cellular. Nthaŵi zina, ngakhaletu pokambitsirana maso ndi maso, munthu samatha kufotokoza zenizeni zimene zili m’maganizo ake. Winayo angawamve mawuwo koma nkuwamva molakwika nkuwatanthauzira mwina. Ndiye zingapambane kuipa kwake chotani nanga ngati zimenezo zingachitike munthu wolankhulayo simukumuona!

Nchinthu chomvetsa chisoni m’moyo kupeza kuti nthaŵi yochulukitsitsa imene anthu amawonongera pakompyuta ndi pawailesi yakanema nthaŵi zina imapangitsa apabanja kukhala ngati osazoloŵerana pamene ali panyumba pawopawo.

Kodi Munamvapo za Technophobia?

“Technophobia” imangotanthauza “kuopa tekinoloji,” kuphatikizapo kuopa kugwiritsira ntchito makompyuta ndi ziŵiya zina zamagetsi. Ena amaganiza kuti chimenecho nchimodzi cha zinthu zofala zodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri zimene nyengo ya chidziŵitso ino inayambitsa. Nkhani ina yozikidwa pa ndemanga ya Associated Press kwa atolankhani, m’magazini yotchedwa The Canberra Times, inali ndi mutu wakuti: “Akulu a Ntchito ku Japan Amaopa Makompyuta.” Ponena za Yasumasa Fukushima, mkulu wa kampani yaikulu ku Japan, anati: “Amaopedwa ndipo ngwotchuka. Koma kungoti akhale pakompyuta, amangoti njenjenje.” Pamene makampani 880 a ku Japan anafufuzidwa, kunapezeka kuti 20 peresenti yokha ya akulu a ntchito ndiwo ankagwiritsira ntchito makompyuta.

Chimene chimayambitsa kuopa tekinoloji ndi masoka aakulu monga limene linachitika mu 1991, pamene matelefoni anaduka ku New York City, koti mabwalo a ndege akumeneko analeka kugwira ntchito kwa maola angapo. Nanga bwanji za ngozi ya ku Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant ku United States mu 1979? Ogwira ntchito pamalopo zinawatengera maola angapo osautsa asanazindikire tanthauzo la mabelu ochenjeza za ngozi a pamakompyuta.

Izi zangokhala zitsanzo zoŵerengeka chabe zosonyeza mmene tekinoloji ya m’nyengo ya chidziŵitso ino yasinthira moyo wa anthu. Dr. Frederick B. Cohen anafunsa funso lina lochititsa chidwi m’buku lake, kuti: “Kodi munali kubanki posachedwapa? Ngati makompyuta sanali kugwira ntchito, kodi mukanapezako ndalama?” Nanga bwanji m’supamaliketi? Kodi mukanalipira bwanji popanda makompyuta awo oŵerengera ndalama?

Mwina chochitika chimodzi kapena zingapo zoyerekezerazi zingafanane ndi zimene munaona:

• Makina anu atsopano ojambulira vidiyo (VCR) akukhala ngati ali ndi mabatani ambiri kwambiri pamene mukufuna kusankha programu yoti mujambule. Mwina mwamanyazi mwaitana mphwanu wa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi kuti adzakutsegulireni VCR imeneyo, kapena mwangoganiza kuti simukufuna nkomwe kuiona programu imeneyo.

• Mukufunitsitsa ndalama. Ndiye mwayendetsa galimoto lanu nkufika pa makina aotomatiki a kubanki, koma mwadzidzidzi mwakumbukira kuti nthaŵi ina pamene munawagwiritsira ntchito, munasokonezeka nkusinika mabatani olakwika.

• Foni yamuofesi ikulira. Wokuimbirani foniyo anali atalakwitsa nambala. Foniyo inali ya bwana wanu muofesi ina pamwamba panu. Pali njira yosavuta yotumizira foniyo, koma pokayikira, mwaganiza zoti mungopempha munthu wa paswitchibodi kuti atumize foniyo m’malo mwa inu.

• Galimoto limene mwangogula posachedwapa, dashibodi yake ili ngati ya m’ndege yamakono. Mwadzidzidzi, nyali yofiira ikuthwanima, ndipo mukuda nkhaŵa chifukwa simudziŵa kuti nyaliyo ikusonyeza chiyani. Ndiyeno muyenera kuyang’ana m’buku lofotokoza bwino malangizo.

Izi nzitsanzo zoŵerengeka chabe za kuopa tekinoloji. Tikutsimikiza kuti asayansi adzapitirizabe kukonza makina apamwamba, omwe anthu a m’mibadwo yapitayo, mosakayikira, akanawaona ngati “ozizwitsa.” Chiŵiya chilichonse chatsopano chimene chaikidwa pamalonda chimafuna kuphunziridwa bwino mmene chimagwirira ntchito, kuti chigwiritsiridwe ntchito bwino. Mabuku okhawo a malangizo, olembedwa ndi akatswiri m’mawu awoawo okuluŵika,a amaopsa chifukwa iwo amaganiza kuti amene akugwiritsira ntchito makinawo amamva mawuwo ndipo ali ndi chidziŵitso ndi maluso ena.

Wokonda kunena zomwe akuganiza pa zachidziŵitso, Paul Kaufman, anaufotokoza mkhalidwewu mwachidule motere: “Anthufe pali zimene timadziŵa za chidziŵitso chimene, ngakhale chili chokopa, nchosapindulitsa. . . . Chifukwa china nchakuti timasamala kwambiri makompyuta ndi zipangizo zake, nkumanyalanyaza anthu amene kwenikweni amagwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso kuti alidziŵe bwino dzikoli ndi kumachitirana zinthu. . . . Vutolo si lakuti timatamanda kwambiri makompyuta koma kuti tayamba kumapeputsa anthu.” Kukuoneka ngati kuti kufunitsitsa ulemerero wa kukonza makina atsopano ochititsa kaso kaŵirikaŵiri kumapangitsa anthu kusinkhasinkha kuti chidzatsatira nchiyani. Edward Mendelson anati: “Akatswiri okonza makina sangathe kuzindikira kusiyana kwa makina opindulitsa ndi amene anthu adzakonda. Ngati katswiri wokonza makinayo waona kuti angapange makina okhoza kuchita ntchito ina yovuta, amaganiza kuti ntchito yokonza makinayo njoyenera kuichita.”

Kunyalanyaza zoti makinawo adzawagwiritsira ntchito ndi anthu nkumene kwawonjezera kwambiri nkhaŵa yofuna kudziŵa zambiri.

Kodi Amapeputsadi Ntchito?

Wolemba nkhani za m’nyuzipepala, Paul Attewell, polemba mu ina yotchedwa The Australian, anakambapo za mmene anafufuzira kuti aone ngati pazaka zaposachedwapa makompyuta anachepetsadi nthaŵi ndi ndalama zowonongedwa. Nazi mfundo zoŵerengeka zimene ananena bwino: “Mosasamala kanthu kuti kwa zaka zambiri mayunivesite ambiri ndi makoleji akhala akugula makompyuta kuti azichita ntchito za m’ofesi, mayuniveste ndi makoleji ambiri akupeza kuti antchito awo a m’ofesi akuwonjezekabe. . . . Kwa zaka makumi angapo, opanga makompyuta akhala akunena kuti makina omwe anali kugulitsa adzathandiza anthu kutulukira njira zabwino zochitira ntchito zambiri, kwakuti ntchito zazikulu za m’ofesi zizigwiridwa ndi antchito oŵerengeka kwenikweni ndipo popanda kuwonongerapo ndalama zambiri. M’malo mwake, malinga ndi zimene tayamba kudziŵa, makina achidziŵitso asintha magwiridwe a ntchito: zinthu zambiri zatsopano zikuchitidwa ndi antchito amodzimodzi kapena antchito ochuluka m’malo mwakuti ntchito zakale zizichitidwa ndi antchito oŵerengeka. Kaŵirikaŵiri, palibe ndalama zomwe zimasungika nkomwe. Chitsanzo china cha masinthidwe a ntchito ameneŵa nchakuti anthu amagwiritsira ntchito makina kukonza mapepala kuti azioneka okongola m’malo mwakuti azigwira ntchito mofulumira.”

Tsopano kukuoneka kuti makompyuta, omwe ngangozi kwenikweni kwa Akristu, adzakhalabe choncho. Koma tingapeŵe bwanji nkhaŵa yofuna kudziŵa zambiri—pamlingo wina wake? Tikupereka njira zingapo zothandiza m’nkhani yaifupi yotsatirayi: “Mmene Mungakhalire m’Nyengo ya Chidziŵitso.”

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 16]

Mulu wa Chidziŵitso Chopanda Ntchito

“Monga momwe tonsefe tikuwadziŵira anthu moona zochita zawo, akupitirizabe kupulukira mosawongolereka. Timaona kuti maprogramu achabechabe ndiwo akulamulira tsopano pa TV, nkhani za pawailesi zodanitsa anthu, oulutsa pawailesi onena zachipongwe, kusumirana milandu wamba, kufuna kutchuka mwa kuchita zaukandifere, ndi mawu asonkhezera chiwawa ndi a mwano kwenikweni. Mafilimu nthaŵi zonse amangosonyeza anthu akugonana ndiponso chiwawa. Osatsa malonda amasokosa kwambiri, amaumiriza kwambiri, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amanena zimene tingati nzonyansa . . . Mwano ukuwonjezekabe, ndipo ulemu ukucheperachepera. . . . Zimene ena atcha kuti ‘vuto la m’banja lathu’ zili chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chidziŵitso, osati chifukwa chakuti anthu a ku Hollywood aleka kulemekeza kakonzedwe ka banja la mwambo.”—Data Smog—Surviving the Information Glut, lolembedwa ndi David Shenk.

[Bokosi patsamba 17]

Nzeru Njira Yachikale

“Mwananga, ukalandira mawu anga, ndi kusunga malamulo anga; kutcherera makutu ako kunzeru, kulozetsa mtima wako kukuzindikira; ukaitananso luntha, ndi kufuulira kuti ukazindikire; ukaifunafuna ngati siliva, ndi kuipwaira ngati chuma chobisika; pompo udzazindikira kuopa Yehova ndi kumdziŵadi Mulungu. Pakuti Yehova apatsa nzeru; kudziŵa ndi kuzindikira kutuluka m’kamwa mwake; pakuti nzeru idzaloŵa m’mtima mwako, moyo wako udzakondwera ndi kudziŵa, kulingalira kudzakudikira, kuzindikira kudzakuchinjiriza.”—Miyambo 2:1-6, 10, 11.

[Zithunzi pamasamba 18, 19]

Kuchulukitsitsa kwa chidziŵitso kwayerekezeredwa ndi kuyesa kudzaza kakapu pa paipi yozimitsira moto