Chithandizo Chopanda Magazi—Zimene Akatswiri Akunena

YOLEMBEDWA NDI MTOLANKHANI WA GALAMUKANI! KU NORWAY

“NGAKHALE nditadzaiŵala chilichonse chochitika pamsonkhano uno, sindidzaiŵala malo anuwa.” Anatero dokotala wina amene anafika pamsonkhano wa 25 wa bungwe loyang’anira za kupereka chithandizo cha magazi m’mayiko la International Society of Blood Transfusion, umene unachitikira ku Oslo, Norway, chaka chatha (June 27 mpaka July 2, 1998). Iye anali atangoona malo a chionetsero amene Mboni za Yehova zinaloledwa kuonetserapo zinthu zawo.a

Madokotala opitirira 1,700 ochokera m’mayiko 83 analipo pamsonkhanowu. Nthumwi zambiri zinkaimira mabungwe osunga magazi, komanso panali akatswiri a zakapangidwe ka magazi m’thupi, madokotala a opaleshoni ndi madokotala a zamankhwala oletsa kupweteka pochita opaleshoni. Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zimene akatswiri ameneŵa anakambirana pamsonkhano wapamwamba umenewu? Kodi Mboni za Yehova zinaonetsa chiyani pamalo awo oonetserapo ndipo anthu amene anali pamsonkhanowo ataona anati chiyani?

Mankhwala Ena Osaphatikizapo Magazi

Zina mwa nkhani zimene zinakambidwa zinali za kuika munthu magazi, kupima magazi, ndi mankhwala ena oloŵa m’malo mwa chithandizo cha magazi a munthu. Dr. C. V. Prowse, wochokera ku bungwe la Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, (Bungwe loona za kuika anthu magazi ku Scotland) anayankhulapo za “Mankhwala Ena M’malo mwa Magazi a Munthu ndi Zina Zopangidwa ndi Magazi.” Iye anatchulapo njira zochita kupanga zosiyanasiyana zimene zingawonjezere maselo a magazi posonkhezera thupi kuti liwapange. Mwachitsanzo, erythropoietin amapangidwa ndi impso ndipo amasonkhezera kupangidwa kwa maselo ofiira amagazi. Koma tsopano atha kum’panga m’malaboletale. Dr. Prowse ananena kuti “erythropoietin wochita kupanga ndi wodziŵika bwino monga mankhwala a matenda osiyanasiyana a kuchepa kwa magazi.”

Mankhwala ena ngati ameneŵa amenenso amasonkhezera thupi kupanga mtundu wa maselo a magazi otchedwa ma platelet akonzedwa. Dr. Prowse anati: “Posachedwapa kwatulukiridwa thrombopoietin amene amawachititsa kuchuluka mwamsanga. Interleukin 11 n’ngololedwa kale mwa lamulo kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochulukitsa ma platelet . . . , ndipo sizokayikitsa kuti thrombopoietin, komanso rh-PEG-MGDF amene ali ofanana naye, avomerezedwanso.”

Dr. Prowse anatchulaponso zinthu zoundanitsira magazi (maproteni amadzi a m’magazi) zochita kupanga zimene zakhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu okhala ndi vuto lachibadwa lotaya magazi mopitirira akavulala: “Palinso mankhwala ochita kupanga ofanana ndi maproteni osiyanasiyana amadzi a m’magazi amene avomerezedwa mwa lamulo, ndipo nthaŵi zina asankhidwa monga mankhwala oyenera chifukwa cha nkhawa imene anthu amakhala nayo yakuti zinthu zotengedwa ku madzi a m’magazi zimakhala ndi tizilombo ta matenda.” Dr. Prowse anawonjezaponso kuti “zinthu zinanso zoundanitsira magazi zikukonzedwa.”

N. S. Faithfull, amene anachokera ku kampani ina ya mankhwala, anayankhulapo za ma perfluorocarbon (PFC). Mitundu ina ya ma perfluorocarbon ingathe kutengera mpweya wopuma wa oxygen m’thupi lonse. Mankhwala oyambirira a mtundu umenewu sanakwanire kukhala magazi “ochita kupanga.” Kodi pali kupambana kulikonse? Faithfull anati: “Kuyambira zaka zingapo m’mbuyomo, ntchito yopanga ma PFC yapita patsogolo ndipo ayesedwa kwa odwala pogwiritsa ntchito msanganizo wa ma PFC a mtundu wake [wachiŵiri].” Anasimbapo za kuyesedwa kwa umodzi wa imeneyi mwa odwala 256 amene anachitidwa opaleshoni yowongola mafupa, ya ziberekero, kapena ya zikhodzodzo— maopaleshoni amene amatayitsa magazi ambiri. Anapeza zotani? “Zimene anapeza pa kufufuza kuŵiriku zinaonetsa kuti msanganizo wa Oxygent umenewu unali wabwino koposa magazi pakuchotseratu kufunika kopatsa odwala magazi ndiponso unkapangitsa odwalawo kukhala nthaŵi yaitali osafunikira magazi kuyerekezera ndi odwala amene anapatsidwa magazi awo osungidwa padera.”

Osonkhanawo anamvanso kuti zidutswa za ma PFC mumsanganizo umenewu “ndi zing’onozing’ono kwambiri . . . , pafupifupi nthaŵi 40 kuyerekeza ndi ukulu wa RBC [selo yofiira yamagazi]. Kuchepa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ma PFC azitha kupyola m’mitsempha yaing’ono kwambiri imene simudutsa ma RBC.” Zimenezi zikuoneka ngati zingadzatheketse zigawo zathupi zowonongeka, zosoŵa magazi kukhala bwino.

Dokotala wina wachibritishi anagogomezera kufunika koika magazi mosinira pochita opaleshoni. Analimbikitsa kutero chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi ndiponso chifukwa cha kuopsa koika munthu magazi. Kuti amveketse bwino kuchuluka kwa magazi amene angachepetsedwe, anapereka chitsanzo cha dokotala wina amene anagwiritsa ntchito magazi mwa 10 peresenti yokha ya maopaleshoni ake onse okhudza thako. Madokotala ena pachipatala chomwecho anagwiritsa ntchito magazi mwa 70 peresenti ya maopaleshoni okhudza thako amene anachita.

Mboni za Yehova Ziimiridwa

Pamalo a Mboni za Yehova panali chidziŵitso chochuluka chokhudza mankhwala ena olowa m’malo mwa magazi ndi njira zochizira. Chikwangwani china chinasonyeza kuti padziko lonse, zipatala 120 zikupereka chithandizo chosaphatikizapo magazi, ndipo mapepala osindikizidwa opatsa anthu anali ndi mfundo zotengedwa m’nkhani 1,000 zachipatala. Panalinso chidziŵitso chokhudza njira zosiyanasiyana zopewera kuika magazi—zimene zingagwiritsidwe ntchito opaleshoni isanachitidwe, ikuchitidwa, ndi pambuyo pake.

Zotsatirapo zake zinali zabwino kwambiri. Pamsonkhanopo, Mbonizo zinayankhula ndi madokotala pafupifupi 480—ambiri mwa iwo ankabwererakonso kukamva zochuluka, mpaka kumabweretsa anzawo. Polofesa wina wa za opaleshoni komanso wa za mankhwala oletsa kupweteka popanga opaleshoni wa ku California anayamikira motere: “Zimenezi n’zogwira mtima.” Polofesa winanso wa ku Germany anati: “Zimenezi ndingathe kukaphunzitsira kusukulu.” Dokotala amene ankaimira bungwe losunga magazi lalikulu koposa ku China anati: “Tikufunisitsa kudziwa zimenezi chifukwa magazi amene timapeza akuchepa.”

Patangotha tsiku limodzi atagaŵiridwa mapepalawo, mkulu wa bungwe losunga magazi kuchipatala china cha ku Norway anabweranso n’kunena kuti: “Mungandipatseko enanso aŵiri kapena atatu? Ndikufuna ndikapatse madokotala a opaleshoni ndi opereka mankhwala oletsa kupweteka popanga opaleshoni ndipo ndikawauza kuti adzikagwiritsa ntchito njira zimenezi kuti achepetse kapena kupewa kuika anthu magazi akamawachita opaleshoni.” Dokotala wina anati: “Awa ndi malo ochititsa chidwi koposa ena onse pa msonkhano uno.”

Mboni za Yehova zakhala zotanganidwa kuthandiza anthu padziko lonse lapansi kupeza madokotala amene angathe kuthandiza odwala popanda kuwaika magazi ndipo amene amaterodi. Mboni zakhalanso zikupereka chidziŵitso chonena za mankhwala atsopano olowa m’malo mwa magazi. Pamsonkhanowu, mazana a madokotala, kuphatikizapo madokotala a opaleshoni ndi anthu ena a zachipatala ochokera kumayiko ambirimbiri, anachita nacho chidwi chidziŵitso changati chimenechi. Zimenezi zidzalimbikitsa anthu ameneŵa pamene akuyesayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana opangitsa kuika anthu magazi kukhala kosafunika.

[Mawu a M’munsi]