Nchiyani Chimene Tingaphunzire Kuchokera ku Chilengedwe cha Mulungu?
NJIŴA zimapeza mkhalidwe wawo wa kumalo mwa kugwiritsira ntchito unyinji wa timiyala tokoka m’mitu yawo ndi m’makosi. Nsomba zina zimatulutsa magetsi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame imachotsa mchere wowonjezereka kuchokera ku madzi a m’nyanja amene zimamwa. Nsomba zina za chikamba ziri ndi mphako zomwe zingadzazidwe kaya ndi madzi kuti zimire pansi mwa kudumpha kapena mpweya kuti ziyandamenso.
Inde, kaya iye amazindikira icho kapena ayi, nthaŵi zonse pamene munthu agwiritsira ntchito kampasi, kupanga magetsi, kukonza sitima ya nkhondo yoyenda pansi pamadzi, kapena kuchotsa mchere m’madzi a m’nyanja, iye m’chenicheni akungotsanzira kokha chilengedwe cha Mulungu.
Ndithudi, chilengedwe cha Mulungu chiri ndi maphunziro ambiri kaamba ka munthu chakuti nthaŵi zina chimatchedwa “bukhu la chilengedwe.” Mwachitsanzo, bionics iri nthambi ya sayansi yoperekedwa ku kugwiritsira ntchito kwa dongosolo lopezeka m’chilengedwe. Ichi chimaphatikizapo mapiko a ndege okhala ndi zinthu zofanana ndi zija za mbalame, masitima a nkhondo oyenda pansi pa madzi opangidwa mofanana ndi madolphins, ndi zinthu za sementi zokonzedwa monga mafupa a munthu. Koma kodi chidziŵitso cha luso chiri kokha chomwe “bukhu la chilengedwe” liri nacho chopereka?
Ayi, ilo nthaŵi zina limaperekanso maphunziro okhoza kugwirirapo ntchito a makhalidwe abwino a chilengedwe. Kulozera ku luso la chibadwa la nyerere ku luntha, mwachitsanzo, bukhu la Baibulo la Miyambo limachenjeza kuti: “Pita kunyerere, wolesi iwe, penya njira zawo nuchenjere; Ziribe mfumu, ngakhale kapitawo, ngakhale mkulu; koma zitengeratu zakudya zawo m’malimwe; nizituta zinthu zawo m’masika.”—Miyambo 6:6-8.
Komabe, ethology, sayansi yodzinenera kukhala ikutenga maphunziro kuchokera ku mkhalidwe wa zinyama, iri ndi polekezera pake. Khalidwe la munthu silingaikidwe pa mzera wofanana kwenikweni ndi uja wa nyama. Kusiyana kodziŵikiratu, monga ngati chinenero ndi dongosolo lochepa kwenikweni la mphamvu za kulingalira kwakuya kwa munthu, kuyenera kulingaliridwa. Monga mmene wa sayansi mmodzi amachiikira icho: “Sitiri kokha nyani wokongola koposa.” Malingaliro athu “amatipangitsa ife moyenerera kukhala osiyana ndi mitundu ina yonse ya moyo.”
M’kuwonjezerapo, pali mafunso ena omwe phunziro losamalitsa la chilengedwe chokha silingathe kuyankha. Awa amaphatikizapo: Kodi moyo uli ndi chifuno? Kodi Mulungu aliko, ndipo ngati nditero kodi iye amasamala ponena za ife? Tiyeni tsopano tiwone ngati mafunso amenewa angayankhidwe.
[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 3]
Chilengedwe Chinali Nacho Poyamba: Chida Chofufuzira Zinthu Zobisika
Mileme iri yokonzekeretsedwa ndi dongosolo limene liri lofananako ndi chida chofufuzira zinthu zobisika, kuitheketsa iyo kudziŵa ndi kutsatira mayendedwe a nkhole wawo mwa kutumiza mawu ndi kulinganiza kubweza mawu kwake. Koma mtundu wina wa gulugufe (dogbane tiger) uli ndi chidziŵitso chochinjirizira chimene chimatumiza mawu ofanana ndi aja a mdani wake. Pa kulandira chidziŵitsocho, muleme, wopanda nthaŵi yokwanira kulongosolanso kaya chiri chokhumudwitsa kapena ayi, mwadongosolo umapewa gulugufeyo.
Profesala James Fullard, wa ku Yuniversite ya Toronto, Canada, akulongosola kusirira kwake, akumanena kuti: “Chinthu chozizwitsa chiri unyinji wa kukonza chidziŵitso ndi zigamulo zokhazikitsidwiratu za m’mitsempha zosamaliridwa ndi ponse paŵiri mileme ndi agulugufe, kugwiritsira ntchito unyinji wochepa kwambiri wa maselo a mitsempha. Izo zimasonyeza ukulu wosawononga kanthu ndi kucholowanacholowana kumene kungakhale kokhumbidwa ndi akatswiri odziŵa za nkhondo ya mlengalenga ya anthu.”
[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 4]
Chilengedwe Chinali Nacho Poyamba: Zovala Zomirira M’madzi
Chifupifupi ku chiyambi cha zana la 16, Leonardo da Vinci akunenedwa kukhala anapanga chiŵiya chomirira m’madzi. Koma kangaude winawake wotchedwa Argyroneta aquatica anali atalungamitsa kale dongosolo la kupumira pansi pamadzi. Monga mmene Andrée Tétry akulongosolera m’bukhu lake Les outils chez les êtres vivants (Zipangizo Zogwiritsiridwa Ntchito ndi Zinthu Zamoyo), kangaude ameneyu “amakhazikika mu timitsinje toyenda pang’onopang’ono pakati pa zomera za m’madzi ndi kuluka pakati pawo ntchito yocholowanacholowana yopingasa, zosungidwa m’malo mwake ndi unyinji wa ulusi. Kubwerera pamwamba, . . . kangaudeyo, ndi kuima kwadzidzidzi, amagwira mpweya wokutidwa mu ubweya wake wa m’mimba wosatenga madzi. . . . Kangaudeyo amapitanso pansi ndi kutulutsa dontho la mpweyalo pansi pa ntchito yocholowanacholowana ya ulusiyo. Dontholo kenaka limakwera kupanga chotupa chochepa mu ukondewo.” Ndi maulendo obwerezabwereza, kangaudeyo amasonkhanitsa mpweya wokwanira kutha tsiku lonse pansi pa chipangizo chake, kumene iye amadya mnkhole umene amagwira mkati mwa usiku. Ponena za ichi, Tétry akuwonjezera kuti: “Mu zipangizo zomirira m’madzi za munthu, chotero, zimafanana ndi mitundu yapadera kwambiri yowonedwa m’chilengedwe.”