Mtendere​—Kodi Pali Kuthekera Kotani?

MOSASAMALA kanthu ndi mitu ya nkhani ya m’manyuzipepala, chowonadi nchakuti, monga momwe ambirife timadziŵira kuti, anthu adakali kutalitali ndi mtendere weniweni. Kuchotsedwa kwa magulu ankhondo a mmaiko ena ku Afghanistan sikunadzetse mtendere kudziko limenelo. Ndipo kudakali nkhondo yakutiyakuti mu Filipino, Sudan, Israyeli, Northern Ireland, Lebano, ndi Sri Lanka, kutchula oŵerengeka okha.

Popeza kuti anthu ambiri olama maganizo amakonda mtendere mmalo mwankhondo, kodi nchifukwa ninji mtendere uli wovuta chotero? Andale zadziko ayesera njira zambiri kubweretsa mtendere m’zaka mazana ambiri, koma zoyesayesa zawo nthaŵi zonse zakhala zikulephera. Chifukwa ninji? Tiyeni tipende zitsanzo zochepera ndikuwona chifukwa chake.

Mtendere Kupyolera M’chipembedzo ndi Malamulo

Ena amalingalira Ufumu wa Roma kukhala wachipambano m’kubweretsa mtendere. M’kulamulira kwake, zonse pamodzi mpambo wa malamulo opangidwa, kulamulira kokomera aliyense, magulu ankhondo amphamvu, ndi misewu yolinganizidwa bwino zinasunga kukhazikika kwa m’mitundu yonse kodziŵika kukhala Pax Romana (Mtendere Wachiroma) m’madera aakulu a Kum’madzulo kwa Asia, Afrika, ndi Ulaya kwa zaka mazana angapo. Komabe, pambuyo pake, Ufumu wa Roma unakanthidwa ndi kuipa mkati mwake ndi ziwukiro zochokera kumaiko akunja, ndipo Mtendere Wachiroma unanyonyosoka.

Ichi chikusonyeza chowonadi chomvetsa chisoni ponena za zoyesayesa za anthu. Atakhala ndi chiyambi chopereka chiyembekezo, kaŵirikaŵiri amafokanso. Mulungu iyemwini anati: “Ndingaliro ya mtima wa munthu iri yoipa kuyambira pa unyamata wake,” ndipo pambuyo pake ndingaliro yoipayi ndiyo imene imapambana. (Genesis 8:21) Ndiponso, mneneri Yeremiya anati: “Mtima ndiwo wonyenga koposa, ndi wosachiritsika, ndani angathe kuudziŵa?” (Yeremiya 17:9) Anthu ngosatsimikizirika. Zolinga zabwino za munthu wina zingakhoze kudodometsedwa ndi nsanje kapena zolinga zadyera za ena. Kapena wolamulira wochilikiza kwenikweni malamulo amakhalidwe abwino iyemwiniyo angakhale wokonda ziphuphu. Mutalingalira zonsezi, kodi anthu angaudzetse bwanji mtendere?

M’zaka za zana lachitatu B.C.E., kuyesayesa kwadzawoneni kodzetsa mtendere kunachitiridwa ripoti m’kontinenti yaing’ono ya India. Konko, wolamulira wamphamvu wotchedwa Aśoka anapanga ufumu waukulu kupyolera mwa nkhondo ndi kukhetsa mwazi. Ndiyeno, mogwirizana ndi zolembedwa, iye anatembenuzidwira ku ziphunzitso Zachibuda. Kutsutsa nkhondoyo, iye anaika zikumbutso m’dziko lake lonse zozokotedwa mawu othandiza nzika zake kukhala ndi miyoyo yabwino. Ndipo mwachiwonekere ufumu wake unali wamtendere ndi wolemelera.

Kodi njira ya Aśoka ndiyo yodzetsera mtendere? Mwachisoni, ayi. Pamene mfumuyo inamwalira, mtendere wake unafera pamodzi naye, ndipo ufumu wake unapasuka. Ichi chikusonyeza mwafanizo kuti ngakhale kuyesayesa kwa wolamulira wamphamvu ndi wokhala ndi zolinga zabwino potsirizira pake kumadzagwiritsidwa mwala chifukwa chakuti amafa. Mlembi wa Mlaliki anatchula vuto limeneli pamene analemba kuti: “Ndinada ntchito zanga zonse . . . pakuti ndidzamsiyira izo munthu wina amene adzanditsata. Ndipo ndani adziŵa ngati adzakhala wanzeru pena chitsiru? Koma adzalamulira ntchito zanga zonse ndinasauka nazo, ndi kuzigwira mwanzeru kunja kuno. Ichinso ndi chabe.”​—Mlaliki 2:18, 19.

Inde, imfa ya anthu ndiyo chopinga chosagonjetseka ku kudzetsa kwawo mtendere wosatha. Uphungu wa wamasalmo ngwanzerudi m’nkhaniyi wakuti: “Musamakhulupirira zinduna, kapena mwana wa munthu, amene mulibe chipulumutso mwa iye. Mpweya wake uchoka, abwerera kumka ku nthaka yake; tsiku lomwelo zotsimikiza mtima zake zitaika.”​—Salmo 146:3, 4.

Zoyesayesa Zowonjezereka za Mtendere

Mofananamo zoyesayesa zina za anthu zimasonyeza mwafanizo chifukwa chimene munthu amalepherera m’kuyesayesa kwake kwa kudzetsa mtendere. Mwachitsanzo, m’zaka za zana la khumi, kagulu kotchedwa Mtendere wa Mulungu kanayambitsidwa mu Ulaya. Popeza kuti kanapangidwira kutetezera chuma cha tchalitchi, iko kanakula kukhala gulu lotsutsa kachitidwe kankhanza kamene podzafika chapakati pa zaka za zana la 12 kanali katafalikira kumbali yokulira ya Ulaya.

Kachitidwe kena kakutchedwa “kulingana mphamvu.” mogwirizana ndi lingalirori, chiungwe cha mitundu​—monga ngati maiko a Ulaya​—chimatsutsa nkhondo mwa kachitidwe kogaŵira mphamvu yolingana pakati pa maiko. Ngati dziko lamphamvu liwopseza lofoka, dziko lina lamphamvu limadzigwirizanitsa ndi lofokalo kwa kanthaŵi ncholinga cholefula loyembekezera kukhala lankhanzalo. Mchitidwe umenewu unachilikiza unansi wa maiko a Ulaya kuyambira pakutha kwa Nkhondo za Napoleon mpaka pakuulika kwa nkhondo yoyamba ya dziko mu 1914.

Pambuyo pa nkhodo imeneyo, Chigwirizano cha Mitundu chinakhazikitsidwa kukhala bwalo pomwe mitundu ikakambitsirana kusamvana kwawo mmalo mwa kumenyanirana. Chigwirizanocho chinaleka kugwira ntchito pamene nkhondo yachiŵiri yadziko inaulika, koma pambuyo pankhondoyo, mzimu wake unadzutsidwanso kukhala Mitundu Yogwirizana, yomwe idakalipobe.

Komabe, kuyesayesa konseku kunalephera kudzetsa mtendere weniweni kapena wosatha. Pamene kagulu ka Mtendere wa Mulungu kanali kadakalimobe mu Ulaya, anthu Akuulaya anachita nkhondo ndi Asilamu m’Nkhondo Zamitanda zokhetsa mwazi. Ndipo pamene andale zadziko ankayesa kutetezera mtendere mu Ulaya mwa kulingana mphamvu, iwo ankamenya nkhondo ndi kupanga maufumu m’maiko a kunja kwa Ulaya. Chigwirizano cha Mitundu chinali chosakhoza kutetezera nkhondo yadziko yachiŵiri, ndipo Mitundu Yogwirizana sinaletse kupululutsa miyoyo kokakala mu Kampuchea kapena nkhondo za mmalo onga ngati Korea, Nigeria, Vietnam, ndi Zaire.

Inde, kufikira lerolino kuyesayesa kwabwino koposa kodzetsa mtendere kwa andale zadziko kwalephera. Olamulira sakudziŵatu mmene angapangire mtendere wosatha, popeza kuti amalepheretsedwa ndi imfa ndi zolephera zawo zaumunthu ndi za ena. Komabe, ngakhale ngati zimenezo sizinali tero, andale zadziko sakanabweretsabe mtendere. Kulekeranji? Chifukwa cha chopinga china chimene chiridi champhamvu.

Magwero Obisika Oletsa Mtendere

Baibulo limanena za chopingacho pamene limati: “Dziko lonse ligona mwa woipayo.” (1 Yohane 5:19) Woipa ameneyo ndiye Satana Mdyerekezi, cholengedwa chauzimu champhamvu yoposa anthu kwenikweni kutiposa. Kuyambira pachiyambi, Satana wakhala wophatikizidwa m’chipanduko, kunama, ndi mbanda. (Genesis 3:1-6; Yohane 8:44) Chisonkhezero chake champhamvucho, ngakhale kuti nchobisika, pa zochitika zadziko chimachilikizidwa ndi magwero ena ouziridwa. Paulo anamutcha ‘mulungu wa dongosolo iri lazinthu,’ “mkulu wa ulamuliro wa mlengalenga.” (2 Akorinto 4:4; Aefeso 2:2) Yesu anamutcha mobwerezabwereza kukhala “mkulu wa dziko iri lapansi.”​—Yohane 12:31; 14:30; 16:11.

Popeza kuti dziko likugona m’mphamvu za Satana, palibe kuthekera mpang’ono pomwe kuti andale zadziko aumunthu adzadzetsa mtendere wosatha. Kodi chimenechi chimatanthauza kuti mtendere sudzabwera konse? Kodi aliyense angatsogolere anthu ku mtendere?

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 5]

Mosasamala kanthu nkukhala wanzeru kwa wolamulira ndi kukonda kwake malamulo amakhalidwe abwino, potsirizira pake iye amafa ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri ena osakhoza ndi osakonda malamulo amakhalidwe abwino amatenga malo ake

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 6]

Chopinga chimodzi chachikulu ku mtendere ndicho Satana Mdierekezi

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 5]

U.S. National Archives photo