Kudza kwa Yesu Kapena Kukhalapo kwa Yesu—Nchiti?
“Chizindikiro cha [kukhalapo, NW] kwanu nchiyani, ndi cha mathedwe a nthaŵi ya pansi pano?”—MATEYU 24:3.
1. Kodi mafunso anali ndi mbali yotani mu utumiki wa Yesu?
LUSO la Yesu la kugwiritsira ntchito mafunso linachititsa omvetsera ake kuganiza, ngakhale kulingalira zinthu m’njira yatsopano. (Marko 12:35-37; Luka 6:9; 9:20; 20:3, 4) Tikuthokoza kuti iye anayankhanso mafunso. Mayankho ake amaunikira choonadi chimene mwinamwake sitikanadziŵa kapena kumvetsa.—Marko 7:17-23; 9:11-13; 10:10-12; 12:18-27.
2. Kodi ndi funso liti limene tiyenera kusumikapo maganizo athu tsopano?
2 Pa Mateyu 24:3, tikupezapo limodzi la mafunso ofunika koposa amene Yesu anayankhapo. Moyo wake wa padziko lapansi uli pafupi kutha, Yesu anali atangochenjeza kumene kuti kachisi wa Yerusalemu adzawonongedwa, kukhala mapeto a dongosolo lachiyuda. Nkhani ya Mateyu imanenanso kuti: “Pamene iye analikukhala pansi pa Phiri la Azitona, ophunzira anadza kwa iye payekha, nanena, Mutiuze ife zija zidzaoneka liti? Ndipo chizindikiro cha [kukhalapo, NW] [“kudza,” King James Version] kwanu nchiyani, ndi cha mathedwe a nthaŵi ya pansi pano?”—Mateyu 24:3.
3, 4. Kodi pali kusiyana kwakukulu kotani pa njira imene ma Baibulo amamasulira liwu lofunika pa Mateyu 24:3?
3 Oŵerenga Baibulo mamiliyoni ambiri afunsa kuti, ‘Kodi nchifukwa ninji ophunzira anafunsa funso limenelo, ndipo yankho la Yesu liyenera kundikhudza motani?’ Popereka yankho lake, Yesu analankhula za kuonekera kwa masamba osonyeza kuti dzinja ‘layandikira.’ (Mateyu 24:32, 33) Chifukwa chake, matchalitchi ambiri amaphunzitsa kuti atumwi anali kufunsa za chizindikiro cha “kudza” kwa Yesu, chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti kubwera kwake kunali pafupi. Amakhulupirira kuti “kudza” kumeneko kudzakhala nthaŵiyo pamene adzatenga Akristu kumka nawo kumwamba ndiyeno kudzetsa mapeto a dziko. Kodi mumakhulupirira kuti zimenezi nzolondola?
4 M’malo momasulira kuti “kudza,” matembenuzidwe ena a Baibulo, kuphatikizapo a New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, amagwiritsira ntchito liwu lakuti “kukhalapo.” Kodi kungakhale kwakuti zimene ophunzira anafunsa ndiponso zimene Yesu ananena poyankha zimasiyana ndi zimene matchalitchi amaphunzitsa? Kwenikweni, kodi iwo anafunsanji? Ndipo kodi Yesu anapereka yankho lotani?
Kodi Iwo Anali Kufunsa za Chiyani?
5, 6. Kodi tinganenenji pa kuganiza kwa atumwi pamene iwo anafunsa funso limene timaŵerenga pa Mateyu 24:3?
5 Polingalira zimene Yesu ananena pa kachisi, mwinamwake ophunzirawo anali kuganiza za kakonzedwe kachiyuda pamene anafunsa za ‘chizindikiro cha kukhalapo [kapena, “kudza”] ndi cha mathedwe a nthaŵi ya pansi pano [kwenikweni, “nyengo”].’—Yerekezerani ndi “dziko” pa 1 Akorinto 10:11 ndi Agalatiya 1:4, KJ.
6 Panthaŵiyi atumwiwo anali ndi chidziŵitso chochepa cha ziphunzitso za Yesu. Poyamba iwo analingalira kuti “ufumu wa Mulungu ukuti uonekere pomwepo.” (Luka 19:11; Mateyu 16:21-23; Marko 10:35-40) Ndipo ngakhale pambuyo pa kukambitsirana pa Phiri la Azitona, koma asanadzozedwe ndi mzimu woyera, iwo anafunsa ngati Yesu anali kubwezera Ufumu kwa Israyeli panthaŵiyo.—Machitidwe 1:6.
7. Kodi nchifukwa ninji atumwi anafunsa Yesu za ntchito yake yamtsogolo?
7 Komabe, iwo anadziŵa kuti iye adzachoka, pakuti iye anali atangonena kuti: “Katsala kanthaŵi kakang’ono ndipo kuunika kuli mwa inu. Yendani pokhala muli nako kuunika.” (Yohane 12:35; Luka 19:12-27) Chotero mwina iwo analingalira kuti, ‘Ngati Yesu adzachoka, kodi tidzazindikira motani kubwera kwake?’ Pamene iye anaonekera monga Mesiya, ochuluka sanamzindikire. Ndipo patapita nthaŵi yoposa chaka chimodzi, panali zikayikiro zakuti kaya adzakwaniritsa zonse zimene Mesiya anayenera kuchita. (Mateyu 11:2, 3) Chotero atumwi anali ndi chifukwa chofunsira za mtsogolo. Komanso, kodi iwo anali kufunsa za chizindikiro chakuti adzabwera msanga kapena za chinthu chinanso?
8. Kodi atumwi angakhale anali kulankhula chinenero chanji ndi Yesu?
8 Tayerekezerani kuti munali mbalame yomamvetsera kukambitsiranako pa Phiri la Azitona. (Yerekezerani ndi Mlaliki 10:20.) Mwinamwake, mukanamva Yesu ndi atumwiwo akulankhula Chihebri. (Marko 14:70; Yohane 5:2; 19:17, 20; Machitidwe 21:40) Komabe, mosakayikira iwo analinso kudziŵa chinenero cha Chigiriki.
Zimene Mateyu Analemba—m’Chigiriki
9. Kodi matembenuzidwe ochuluka amakono a Mateyu azikidwa pa chiyani?
9 Maumboni a m’zaka za zana lachiŵiri C.E. amasonyeza kuti poyamba Mateyu analemba Uthenga wake Wabwino m’Chihebri. Malinga ndi umboni iye pambuyo pake anaulemba m’Chigiriki. Malembo apamanja ambiri m’Chigiriki afika m’nthaŵi yathu ndipo akhala maziko otembenuzira Uthenga wake Wabwino m’zinenero zamakono. Kodi nchiyani chimene Mateyu analemba m’Chigiriki za kukambitsirana kumeneko pa Phiri la Azitona? Kodi analembanji za “kudza” kapena za “kukhalapo” kumene ophunzira anafunsa ndi kumene Yesu anafotokoza?
10. (a) Kodi liwu lachigiriki la “kudza” limene Mateyu anagwiritsira ntchito nthaŵi zambiri linali lotani, ndipo lingakhale ndi matanthauzo otani? (b) Kodi ndi liwu lina liti lachigiriki limene lili lofunika?
10 M’machaputala 23 oyambirira a Mateyu, nthaŵi zoposa 80 timapezamo verebu yodziŵika yachigiriki yakuti ‘dza,’ imene amati erʹkho·mai. Kaŵirikaŵiri imapereka lingaliro la kuyandikira kapena kufika pafupi, monga pa Yohane 1:47: ‘Yesu anaona Natanayeli alinkudza kwa iye.’ Zikumadalira ndi mmene yagwiritsidwira ntchito, verebuyo erʹkho·mai ingatanthauze “pita,” “fika,” kapena “khala m’njira.” (Mateyu 2:8, 11; 8:28; Yohane 4:25, 27, 45; 20:4, 8; Machitidwe 8:40; 13:51) Koma pa Mateyu 24:3, 27, 37, 39, Mateyu anagwiritsira ntchito liwu losiyana, nauni yosapezeka kwina kulikonse m’Mauthenga Abwino: pa·rou·siʹa. Popeza kuti Mulungu anauzira kulembedwa kwa Baibulo, kodi nchifukwa ninji anasonkhezera Mateyu kusankha liwu lachigirikili m’mavesiwa polemba Uthenga wake Wabwino m’Chigiriki? Kodi limatanthauzanji, ndipo nchifukwa ninji tiyenera kudziŵa?
11. (a) Kodi lingaliro la pa·rou·siʹa nlotani? (b) Kodi zitsanzo zotengedwa m’zolemba za Josephus zimatsimikiza motani kamvedwe kathu ponena za pa·rou·siʹa? (Onani mawu amtsinde.)
11 Mosapita m’mbali, pa·rou·siʹa imatanthauza “kukhalapo.” Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words ya Vine imati: “PAROUSIA, . . . m’lingaliro lenileni, kukhalapo, para, limodzi ndi, ndi ousia, kukhala (kuchokera ku eimi, kukhala), amatanthauza zonse ziŵiri kufika ndi kukhalapo limodzi kumene kumatsatirapo. Mwachitsanzo, m’kalata ya gumbwa mkazi wina akulankhula za kufunika kwa parousia yake kumalo ena kuti akasamalire nkhani zokhudza chuma chake.” Madikishonale ena amafotokoza kuti pa·rou·siʹa imatanthauza ‘ulendo wa wolamulira.’ Chifukwa chake, siili chabe nyengo ya kufika, koma kukhalapo koyambira pa nthaŵi yakufika kumka mtsogolo. Chosangalatsa nchakuti ndi mmene wolemba mbiri wachiyuda Josephus, wokhalako nthaŵi imodzimodziyo ndi atumwi, anagwiritsirira ntchito pa·rou·siʹa.a
12. Kodi ndi motani mmene Baibulo lenilenilo limatithandizira kutsimikiza tanthauzo la pa·rou·siʹa?
12 Tanthauzo la “kukhalapo” likuchirikizidwa bwino lomwe ndi mabuku akale, koma Akristu makamaka amafuna kudziŵa mmene Mawu a Mulungu amagwiritsirira ntchito pa·rou·siʹa. Yankho lake nlimodzimodzilo—kukhalapo. Timaona zimenezo m’zitsanzo za m’makalata a Paulo. Mwachitsanzo, analembera Afilipi kuti: ‘Monga momwe mumvera nthaŵi zonse, posati pokhapokha pokhala ine ndilipo, komatu makamaka tsopano pokhala ine palibe, gwirani ntchito yake ya chipulumutso chanu.’ Analankhulanso za kukhala ndi iwo kuti iwo adzitamandire ‘mwa kukhalanso [pa·rou·siʹa] kwake kwa iwo.’ (Afilipi 1:25, 26; 2:12) Matembenuzidwe ena amati “kukhalanso kwanga limodzi ndi inu” (Weymouth; New International Version); “pamene ndikhalanso limodzi ndi inu” (Jerusalem Bible; New English Bible); ndi “pamene mudzakhalanso ndi ine pakati panu.” (Twentieth Century New Testament) Pa 2 Akorinto 10:10, 11, NW, Paulo anasiyanitsa “kukhalapo kwake m’thupi” ndi kukhala “palibe.” M’zitsanzo zimenezi iye mwachionekere sanali kulankhula za kuyandikira kapena kufika; anagwiritsira ntchito pa·rou·siʹa ndi lingaliro la kukhala alipo.b (Yerekezerani ndi 1 Akorinto 16:17, NW.) Nanga bwanji ponena za mawu okhudza pa·rou·siʹa ya Yesu? Kodi ali ndi lingaliro la “kudza” kwake, kapena kodi akusonyeza kukhalapo kopitiriza?
13, 14. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji tikunena kuti pa·rou·siʹa imatenga nthaŵi yaitali? (b) Kodi tinganenenji pa utali wa pa·rou·siʹa ya Yesu?
13 Akristu odzozedwa ndi mzimu m’tsiku la Paulo anali kufuna kudziŵa za pa·rou·siʹa ya Yesu. Koma Paulo anawachenjeza ‘kusagwedezeka mtima msanga ndi kutaya maganizo awo.’ Choyamba “munthu wosayeruzika” anayenera kuonekera, amene wakhala atsogoleri achipembedzo a Dziko Lachikristu. Paulo analemba kuti “[kukhalapo kwa wosayeruzikayo, NW] kuli monga mwa machitidwe a Satana, mu mphamvu yonse, ndi zizindikiro ndi zozizwa zonama.” (2 Atesalonika 2:2, 3, 9) Mwachionekere, pa·rou·siʹa, kapena kukhalapo, kwa “munthu wosayeruzika” sikunali chabe kufika kwakanthaŵi; kunayenera kukhala kwanthaŵi yaitali, pamene zizindikiro zonama zinali kudzachitika. Kodi nchifukwa ninji zimenezi zili zofunika?
14 Talingalirani vesi loyambirira musanafike pa limeneli: “Adzavumbulutsidwa wosayeruzikayo, amene Ambuye Yesu adzamthera ndi mzimu wa pakamwa pake, nadzamuwononga ndi maonekedwe a [kukhalapo, NW] kwake.” Monga momwedi kukhalapo kwa “munthu wosayeruzika” kunali kudzakhala kwanthaŵi yaitali, kukhalapo kwa Yesu kunali kudzakhala kwanthaŵi yaitali ndipo kufunikira kudzafika pachimake pachiwonongeko cha “mwana wa chiwonongeko” wosayeruzikayo.—2 Atesalonika 2:8.
Mbali za Chinenero cha Chihebri
15, 16. (a) Kodi ndi liwu liti limene limagwiritsiridwa ntchito m’matembenuzidwe ambiri a Mateyu m’Chihebri? (b) Kodi bohʼ imagwiritsiridwa ntchito motani m’Malemba?
15 Monga momwe taonera kale, umboni umasonyeza kuti poyamba Mateyu analemba Uthenga wake Wabwino m’chinenero cha Chihebri. Chotero, kodi ndi liwu liti lachihebri limene anagwiritsira ntchito pa Mateyu 24:3, 27, 37, 39? Matembenuzidwe a Mateyu m’Chihebri chamakono ali ndi mtundu wa verebu yakuti bohʼ, mu funso la atumwi ndi mu yankho la Yesu lomwe. Zimenezi zingatsogolere ku mawu onga akuti: ‘Chizindikiro cha [bohʼ] yanu nchiyani, ndi cha mathedwe a nthaŵi ya pansi pano?’ ndipo, ‘Monga masiku a Nowa, kotero idzakhala [bohʼ] yake ya Mwana wa munthu.’ Kodi bohʼ imatanthauzanji?
16 Ngakhale kuti lili ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana, tanthauzo lalikulu la verebu yachihebri bohʼ ndilo “dza.” Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament imati: ‘Ikumapezeka nthaŵi 2,532, bohʼ ndi limodzi la maverebu ogwiritsiridwa ntchito nthaŵi zambiri m’Malemba Achihebri ndipo ndilo verebu lalikulu losonyeza kuyenda.’ (Genesis 7:1, 13; Eksodo 12:25; 28:35; 2 Samueli 19:30; 2 Mafumu 10:21; Salmo 65:2; Yesaya 1:23; Ezekieli 11:16; Danieli 9:13; Amosi 8:11) Ngati Yesu ndi atumwi akanagwiritsira ntchito liwu lokhala ndi matanthauzo ambiri motere, lingaliro lake likanakhala nkhani ya mkangano. Koma kodi iwo anatero?
17. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji matembenuzidwe amakono achihebri a Mateyu mwina sangasonyeze kwenikweni zimene Yesu ndi atumwi ananena? (b) Kodi ndi kuti kwinanso kumene tingapeze njira yodziŵira liwu limene Yesu ndi atumwi angakhale atagwiritsira ntchito, ndipo ndi pachifukwa chinanso chiti chimene magwero ameneŵa alili ofunika kwa ife? (Onani mawu amtsinde.)
17 Kumbukirani kuti matembenuzidwe amakono achihebri angokhala matembenuzidwe amene sangasonyeze ndendende zimene Mateyu analemba m’Chihebri. Choonadi nchakuti Yesu angakhale atagwiritsira ntchito liwu lina m’malo mwa bohʼ, limene linayenerana ndi tanthauzo la pa·rou·siʹa. Zimenezi tikuziona m’buku la mu 1995 lakuti Hebrew Gospel of Matthew, lolembedwa ndi Profesa George Howard. Bukulo linafotokoza za chikalata chotsutsa Chikristu cha m’zaka za zana la 14 cha sing’anga wachiyuda Shem-Tob ben Isaac Ibn Shaprut. Chikalatacho chinasonyeza mavesi achihebri a Uthenga Wabwino wa Mateyu. Pali umboni wakuti m’malo motembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Chilatini kapena Chigiriki m’nthaŵi ya Shem-Tob, mavesi ameneŵa a Mateyu anali akale kwambiri ndipo poyamba analembedwa m’Chihebri.c Motero angatifikitse pafupi ndi zimene zinanenedwa pa Phiri la Azitona.
18. Kodi ndi liwu lachihebri liti lochititsa chidwi limene Shem-Tob akugwiritsira ntchito, ndipo limatanthauzanji?
18 Pa Mateyu 24:3, 27, 39, Mateyu wa Shem-Tob samagwiritsira ntchito verebuyo bohʼ. M’malo mwake, amagwiritsira ntchito nauni yakuti bi·ʼahʹ yokhala ndi tsinde limodzimodzilo. Nauni imeneyo imapezeka m’Malemba Achihebri pa Ezekieli 8:5 pokha, pamene imatanthauza “poloŵera pake.” M’malo mwa kutchula mchitidwe wa kudza, bi·ʼahʹ pamenepo imasonyeza poyambira nyumba; pamene muli poloŵera kapena pakhomo, ndiye kuti muli m’nyumbayo. Ndiponso, zolembedwa zachipembedzo zosakhala za m’Baibulo pakati pa Mipukutu ya ku Nyanja Yakufa nthaŵi zambiri zimagwiritsira ntchito bi·ʼahʹ kunena za kufika kapena kuyamba kwa mautumiki a ansembe. (Onani 1 Mbiri 24:3-19; Luka 1:5, 8, 23.) Ndipo matembenuzidwe a Peshitta yakale yachisuriya (kapena yachiaramaiki) a mu 1986 potembenuzira m’Chihebri amagwiritsira ntchito bi·ʼahʹ pa Mateyu 24:3, 27, 37, 39. Chotero umboni ulipo wakuti kale nauniyo bi·ʼahʹ ingakhale inali ndi tanthauzo losiyana mwa njira ina ndi verebuyo bohʼ logwiritsiridwa ntchito m’Baibulo. Kodi nchifukwa ninji zimenezi zili zofunika?
19. Ngati Yesu ndi atumwi anagwiritsira ntchito bi·ʼah,ʹ kodi tinganenenji?
19 Atumwiwo m’funso lawo ndi Yesu m’yankho lake angakhale atagwiritsira ntchito nauniyi bi·ʼah.ʹ Ngakhale ngati atumwiwo anali kungoganiza za kufika kwa mtsogolo kwa Yesu, Kristu angakhale atagwiritsira ntchito bi·ʼahʹ kuti aphatikizepo zoposa zimene iwo anali kuganiza. Yesu angakhale anali kuloza ku kufika kwake kuti ayambe udindo watsopano; kufika kwake kunali kudzakhala chiyambi cha ntchito yake yatsopano. Zimenezi zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro la pa·rou·siʹa, imene Mateyu anagwiritsira ntchito pambuyo pake. Mwachionekere, kugwiritsira ntchito bi·ʼahʹ mwa njira imeneyi kuyenera kuchirikiza zimene Mboni za Yehova zaphunzitsa kwanthaŵi yaitali, kuti “chizindikiro” chachiungwe chimene Yesu anapereka chinali kudzasonyeza kuti iye analipo.
Kuyembekezera Chimake cha Kukhalapo Kwake
20, 21. Kodi tingaphunzirenji pa mawu a Yesu onena za masiku a Nowa?
20 Kuphunzira kwathu za kukhalapo kwa Yesu kuyenera kuyambukira mwachindunji moyo wathu ndi ziyembekezo zathu. Yesu analimbikitsa otsatira ake kukhala atcheru. Anapereka chizindikiro kuti kukhalapo kwake kuzindikiridwe, ngakhale kuti ochuluka sakanadziŵa: “Monga masiku a Nowa, kotero kudzakhala [kukhalapo, NW] kwake kwa Mwana wa munthu. Pakuti monga m’masiku aja, chisanafike chigumula, anthu analinkudya ndi kumwa, analikukwatira ndi kukwatiwa, kufikira tsiku limene Nowa analoŵa m’chingalaŵa, ndipo iwo sanadziŵa kanthu, kufikira kumene chigumula chinadza, chinapululutsa iwo onse, kotero kudzakhala [kukhalapo, NW] kwake kwa Mwana wa munthu.”—Mateyu 24:37-39.
21 M’masiku a Nowa, anthu ochuluka a mbadwo umenewo anangopitiriza ndi moyo wawo wa masiku onse. Yesu analosera kuti ndi mmene zidzakhalira pa “kukhalapo kwa Mwana wa munthu.” Anthu ozinga Nowa angakhale ataganiza kuti palibe chimene chikanachitika. Inu mukudziŵa zimene zinachitika. Masiku amenewo, amene anatenga nthaŵi yaitali, anafika pachimake, “chigumula chinadza, chinapululutsa iwo onse.” Luka akufotokoza nkhani yofanana mmene Yesu anayerekezera “masiku a Nowa” ndi “masiku a Mwana wa munthu.” Yesu anachenjeza kuti: “Momwemo kudzakhala tsiku lakuvumbuluka Mwana wa munthu.”—Luka 17:26-30.
22. Kodi nchifukwa ninji tiyenera kuchita chidwi makamaka ndi ulosi wa Yesu m’Mateyu chaputala 24?
22 Zonsezi zikukhala ndi tanthauzo lapadera kwa ife chifukwa tikukhala panthaŵi imene tikuzindikira zochitika zimene Yesu analosera—nkhondo, zivomezi, miliri, njala, ndi kuzunzidwa kwa ophunzira ake. (Mateyu 24:7-9; Luka 21:10-12) Zimenezi zakhala zikuchitika chiyambire nkhondo yosintha mbiri yotchedwa Nkhondo Yadziko I, ngakhale kuti anthu ochuluka amaona zimenezi monga mbali zamasiku onse m’mbiri. Komabe, Akristu oona amazindikira tanthauzo la zochitika zofunika kwambiri zimenezi, monga momwe anthu atcheru amadziŵira kuti dzinja lili pafupi mwa kuyang’ana masamba a mtengo wa mkuyu. Yesu analangiza kuti: “Inde chotero inunso, pakuona zinthu izi zilikuchitika, zindikirani kuti ufumu wa Mulungu uli pafupi.”—Luka 21:31.
23. Kodi nkwayani kumene mawu a Yesu m’Mateyu chaputala 24 ali ndi tanthauzo lapadera, ndipo nchifukwa ninji?
23 Yesu analunjikitsa mbali yaikulu ya yankho lake pa Phiri la Azitona kwa otsatira ake. Iwo ndiwo anali kudzatengamo mbali m’ntchito yopulumutsa moyo ya kulalikira uthenga wabwino padziko lonse lapansi mapeto asanadze. Ndiwo amene akanazindikira “chonyansa cha kupululutsa . . . chitaima m’malo oyera.” Ndiwo amene akanalabadira mwa ‘kuthaŵa’ chisanadze chisautso chachikulu. Ndipo ndiwo amene kwenikweni akanakhudzidwa ndi mawu owonjezera akuti: “Akadaleka kufupikitsidwa masiku awo, sakadapulumuka munthu aliyense: koma chifukwa cha osankhidwawo masiku awo adzafupikitsidwa.” (Mateyu 24:9, 14-22) Koma kodi mawu odzutsa maganizo ameneŵa amatanthauzanji, ndipo nchifukwa ninji tinganene kuti akutipatsa maziko okhalira ndi chimwemwe chowonjezereka, chidaliro, ndi changu tsopano? Phunziro lotsatira la Mateyu 24:22 lidzapereka mayankho.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a Zitsanzo zotengedwa kwa Josephus: Paphiri la Sinai mphezi ndi mabingu “zinalengeza kuti Mulungu anali pamenepo [pa·rou·siʹa].” Zozizwitsa zooneka m’chihema “zinasonyeza kukhalapo [pa·rou·siʹa] kwa Mulungu.” Mwa kusonyeza mnyamata wa Elisa magaleta omzinga, Mulungu “anasonyeza mtumiki wake mphamvu yake ndi kukhalapo [pa·rou·siʹa] kwake.” Pamene mkulu wa boma wa Roma Petronius anayesa kutonthoza Ayuda, Josephus ananena kuti ‘Mulungu anasonyeza Petronius kukhalapo [pa·rou·siʹa] kwake’ mwa kudzetsa mvula. Josephus sanagwiritsire ntchito pa·rou·siʹa kutanthauza kuyandikira wamba kapena kufika kwakanthaŵi. Anatanthauza kukhalapo kopitiriza, ngakhale kosaoneka. (Eksodo 20:18-21; 25:22; Levitiko 16:2; 2 Mafumu 6:15-17)—Yerekezerani ndi Antiquities of the Jews, Buku 3, mutu 5, ndime 2 [80]; mutu 8, ndime 5 [202]; Buku 9, mutu 4, ndime 3 [55]; Buku 18, mutu 8, ndime 6 [284].
b Mu A Critical Lexicon and Concordance to the English and Greek New Testament, E. W. Bullinger akusonyeza kuti pa·rou·siʹa imatanthauza ‘kupezekapo, motero, ndiko kukhalapo, kufika; kudza kumene kumaphatikizapo lingaliro la kukhalapo kwachikhalire koyambira pa nthaŵi ya kudzayo kumka mtsogolo.’
c Umboni wina ngwakuti lili ndi mawu achihebri akuti “Dzinalo,” olembedwa onse kapena chidule chake, nthaŵi 19. Profesa Howard akulemba kuti: “Kupezeka kwa Dzina la Mulungu m’cholembedwa chachikristu chogwidwa mawu ndi wotsutsa wachiyuda nkwapadera. Ngati ameneŵa anali matembenuzidwe achihebri a cholembedwa chachikristu chachigiriki kapena chachilatini, munthu akanayembekezera kupeza adonai [Ambuye] m’mavesi ake, osati chizindikiro cha dzina la Mulungu losatchulika YHWH. . . . Chifukwa chimene iye anaikiramo dzina losatchulikalo sichitha kufotokozedwa. Umboni ukusonyeza mwamphamvu kuti Shem-Tob analandira Mateyu wake amene anali kale ndi Dzina la Mulungu m’mavesi ake ndi kuti mwinamwake analisunga m’malo mwa kuyesa kudziika pangozi ya kukhala ndi liwongo la kulichotsamo.” New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References imagwiritsira ntchito Mateyu wa Shem-Tob (J2) monga umboni wochirikiza kugwiritsira ntchito dzina la Mulungu m’Malemba Achigiriki Achikristu.
Kodi Mungayankhe Motani?
◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuli kofunika kuona kusiyana pakati pa mmene ma Baibulo amamasulira Mateyu 24:3?
◻ Kodi tanthauzo la pa·rou·siʹa nlotani, ndipo nchifukwa ninji limeneli lili lofunika?
◻ Kodi ndi kufanana kothekera kotani kumene kungakhalepo pa Mateyu 24:3 m’Chigiriki ndi m’Chihebri?
◻ Kodi ndi mfundo yotani ponena za nthaŵi imene tifunikira kudziŵa kuti timvetse Mateyu chaputala 24?
[Chithunzi patsamba 10]
Phiri la Azitona, loyang’anizana ndi Yerusalemu