Nogud Problem Bilong Salt
From man wea raet for Wekap! long Australia
SALT hem important samting for laef bilong man and animal. Klosap 1 percent bilong blood and olketa body cell bilong iumi hem salt. Iumi iusim salt long kaikai, olketa medicine, and kaikai for olketa animal. Evri year full world iusim samting olsem 190 million ton bilong salt. Bat disfala samting wea hem staka and important kosim bigfala problem long samfala barava best ples long world for growim kaikai.
Samting olsem 40 percent bilong kaikai wea olketa harvestim kam from 15 percent bilong land long full world wea olketa no depend long rain nomoa bat iusim nara wata for growim kaikai. Tru nao, for tekem wata from difren ples and putim long kaen graon wea luk olsem hard for growim kaikai, savve mekem graon hia kamap barava fitim for duim datwan. Bat wei for iusim wata olsem savve mekem staka salt kamap insaed graon, wea isisi mekem datfala graon nogud nao. Distaem, harvest gogo daon long haf bilong evri land long world wea olketa iusim wata long olketa garden. Tru nao, luk olsem wanfala area wea tu taems winim size bilong Switzerland kamap nogud evri year bikos long salt wea kamap big and wei wea graon kamap tuwet!
Long buk bilong hem Out of the Earth, Daniel Hillel, wanfala important scientist wea studyim graon talem disfala warning: “Each wan long olketa nogud samting wea olketa man duim and wea kamap main samting wea mekem olketa community bifor finis, hem kamap long taem bilong iumi tu . . . bat hem barava moa worse.” Olketa talem hao economy bilong U.S. hem lusim faev billion dollar evri year from olketa garden kamap nogud nao. Bat, kantri wea barava safa long disfala problem wea kamaot from samting olketa man duim, hem Australia.
Killim Dae Evriting
Evri hour, long olketa barava bigfala area for growim wheat long Western Australia, salt spoelem area bilong wheat wea big olsem size bilong wanfala soccer field. Dr. Tom Hatton from datfala Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) hem sei: “For sure, disfala problem saed long environment hem big winim eni nara problem mifala feisim.”
Best ples for agriculture long east part bilong Australia, datfala Murray-Darling Basin, hem barava garem problem saed long salt. Big bilong datfala area hem sem olsem sapos iumi joinim France and Spain tugeta, and bigfala haf bilong land long Australia wea olketa iusim wata for growim olketa garden hem long there. Klosap haf long selen wea olketa kasem from agriculture long Australia hem kam from olketa garden long there. Murray river and Darling river nao tufala river wea pipol iusim for watarem olketa garden long there, for provaedem wata for olketa wetland area and provaedem wata for thri million pipol savve drinkim.
Sorre samting, hem hao salt spoelem finis 2,000 square kilometer bilong disfala important land and olketa scientist talem hao insaed next tenfala year, luk olsem salt maet spoelem nara 10,000 square kilometer bilong land. Insaed Murray and Darling river witim olketa nara smol river wea joinim olketa, salt hem kamap moa big and long samfala ples, hem no sef for drinkim wata from olketa. Olketa ples bilong mud wea fulap witim salt start for kamap insaed olketa garden wea stap saed long olketa river hia.
Bat hem no olketa farm nomoa wea stap long danger. Olketa scientist long CSIRO givim warning hao, gogo, salt bae finisim klosap wan thousand difren kaen plant and animal long Australia. And tu, sapos disfala problem hem go ahed, maet haf long olketa difren kaen bird long datfala area bilong Murray-Darling Basin bae finis insaed next 50 year. Tingim hao disfala problem kamap from olketa man no tingim firstaem wanem bae kamaot from samting olketa duim.
Ples wea Salt Kam From
Long tingting bilong olketa scientist, staka salt long Australia kam from wata long air wea blow kam from sea, wea blow ovarem land for planti thousand year. Rain nao mekem salt from datfala wata kasem graon. Nara samting wea mekem disfala salt stap hem sea wea bifor hem kavarem samfala part bilong Australia. Rain wata karem datfala salt go daon insaed graon wea isisi mekem olketa big wata kamap andanit long graon.
Isisi, olketa eucalyptus tree and olketa nara tree and plant kavarem full kantri, and garem olketa rut wea savve go daon insaed graon from 30 go kasem 40 meter. Olketa tree drinkim bigfala haf long rain wea foldaon and pumpim go bak ap antap long graon wea hem go aot long olketa leaf insaed air. Diswan stopem wata anda long graon for gogo kamap staka tumas and kasem top bilong graon. Bat for growim olketa garden long sem wei wea olketa long Europe duim, wea mekem Australia muv ahed and kamap rich, olketa mas katem daon staka tree mekem spes for plantim olketa garden. From olketa aotem olketa tree wea duim waka for aotem wata from graon, and iusim tu staka wata for watarem samting olketa plantim, wata insaed graon kamap staka and kasem top bilong graon. From diswan, salt wea stap deep insaed graon for longfala taem go insaed datfala wata wea isisi karem datwan go ap for kasem top bilong graon.
Samting wea Kosim Salt Problem
Wei for fulimap olketa flat garden witim wata hem mekem olketa garden long Murray-Darling Basin barava grow gud. Bat long semtaem, diswan kwiktaem mekem wata long graon staka and kasem top bilong graon. Datfala wata long graon hem isisi go insaed olketa river, and spoelem datfala fresh wata. Diswan mekem nara problem kamap. Olketa iusim wata from river for watarem olketa garden, bat datfala wata hem fulap witim salt wea savve killim dae olketa plant.
Bat narafala problem wea moa serious winim datwan hem wei wea graon fulap witim salt, no from olketa putim tumas wata long hem, bat bikos long olketa difren kaen plant wea grow long hem. Long datfala area, olketa aotem olketa tree wea garem deep rut, for mekem grass grow and for plantim olketa garden followim season. Bat rut bilong olketa samting hia hem go tu-thri feet insaed graon nomoa. No eni big tree stap witim olketa deep rut for drinkim wata from rain wea foldaon, so wata hia start for fulap insaed graon.
From diswan, olketa scientist talem hao 10 go kasem 100 taems moa wata hem go deep insaed graon winim taem wea olketa big tree grow long there. Insaed wan handred year wea go pas, staka wata hem go deep insaed graon mekem long samfala ples long datfala Murray-Darling Basin, level bilong wata gogo ap 60 meter or winim. Taem wata hia go ap kasem tu-thri meter anda long graon, olketa farmer start for kasem bigfala problem nao.
Olketa ples wea firstaem hem gud for growim garden start for nogud nao. Longfala taem bifor salt hem start for showaot antap long graon, hot bilong sun pullim aot from graon wata wea fulap witim salt and wea klosap kasem top bilong graon. Firstaem, olketa plant savve deal witim datwan, bat taem salt hem kamap moa big, olketa dae.
Disfala problem affectim moa samting winim olketa farmer nomoa. Hem start finis for spoelem samfala main road and kwiktaem nomoa bae olketa kamap nogud nao. And tu, salt hem spoelem olketa building, and olketa wata pipe anda long graon long olketa kantri taon long datfala area bilong Murray-Darling Basin.
Waswe, Man Savve Stretem Diswan?
Luk olsem level bilong wata long bigfala haf long olketa ples wea wata stap andanit long graon bae go ahed for kamap moa hae insaed next 50 go kasem 100 year. Wanfala report talem hao 30 year from distaem, area wea big olsem size bilong state bilong Victoria—wea hem samting olsem size bilong Great Britain—bae nogud nao. Hao nao for stopem diswan?
Wanfala report bilong gavman sei: “Iumi mas barava changem wei wea iumi lukaftarem and iusim olketa samting long [Murray-Darling] Basin mekem iumi keepim environment gud and kasem gud samting from datfala land. Bae diswan expensive . . . Bat, selen wea iumi spendem hem smol sapos iumi markem datwan witim kost—saed long economy, environment, and community—sapos iumi no changem wei wea iumi duim samting.”
For plantim staka tree bae start for stretem diswan, bat staka pipol no laekem datfala idea bikos bae olketa no kasem tumas profit from datwan. Wanfala science report talem: “Iumi no savve go bak olsem taem bifor wea olketa tree stap yet. Long planti ples, for stretem diswan [thru long wei for plantim olketa tree] bae tek longtaem, or maet bae barava nomoa nao.”
Go kasem taem olketa faendem gudfala ansa for diswan, olketa farmer kasem encouragement for plantim olketa samting wea garem longfala rut and wea salt no savve killim dae. Samfala farmer startim niu bisnis for sellim datfala salt wea spoelem farm bilong olketa. Olketa narawan plan for iusim olketa area wea wata fulap witim salt for growim and sellim olketa solwata fish, prawn, and seaweed.
Hem no Australia nomoa wea garem problem witim salt. Sapos olketa no mekem olketa change kwiktaem, samting wea Plato, datfala Greek savveman bilong bifor talem, bae here olsem wanfala profesi warning: “Land wea bifor hem barava fitim for wakem garden, distaem hem olsem bon bilong sik man, from evri naesfala graon bilong earth hem finis nao and hem kamap olsem bon nating.”
[Map long page 17]
(Lukim pablikeson for olketa nara information)
MURRAY- DARLING BASIN
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Map: Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1997 Digital Wisdom, Inc.
[Olketa piksa long page 17]
Salt hem pas long tree wea dae long wanfala field wea fulap witim wata
Olketa field wea nogud distaem from salt hem kamap staka insaed graon
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© CSIRO Land and Water
[Piksa long page 18]
Olketa first saen bilong salt—olketa smol area long field wea salt spoelem
Salt wea kasem top bilong graon killim dae olketa plant
Wei wea salt affectim graon long olketa farm
Samting wea kamaot from wei wea wata insaed graon kamap staka
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All photos: © CSIRO Land and Water