Philo From Alexandria Mixim Bible Witim Tingting Bilong Man

LONG 332 B.C.E., Alexander the Great tekem army bilong hem go long Egypt. Bifor hem go east long gogo bilong hem for tekovarem world, hem buildim wanfala taon wea hem kolem Alexandria. Datwan nao kamap main ples bilong Greek tingting and kastom. Long there nao, nara man for win hem born long samting olsem 20 B.C.E., bat winim wei for iusim olketa sword and spia, hem iusim olketa idea and tingting. Datfala man nao Philo from Alexandria, or Philo Judaeus, wea hem nao Jew nem bilong hem.

Bihaen Jerusalem hem distroe long 607 B.C.E., plande Jew muv go long Egypt. Plande thousand stap long Alexandria. Bat samfala problem kamap midolwan olketa Jew and olketa Greek. Olketa Jew nating willing for worshipim olketa Greek god, and olketa Greek mekfani long olketa Hebrew Scripture. Philo luksavve long diswan from hem growap olsem wanfala Jew bat kasem Greek education. Hem tingse Jew religion nao tru wan. Bat long wei wea difren from staka nara pipol, Philo luk aotem peaceful wei for leadim olketa Gentile pipol for worshipim God. Hem laek for mekem Jew religion samting wea olketa Greek savve acceptim.

Old Raeting, Niu Mining

Olsem plande Jew long Alexandria, languis bilong Philo hem Greek. So main samting wea hem studyim nao hem datfala Greek Septuagint version bilong olketa Hebrew Scripture. Taem hem lukluk gud long datfala Septuagint text, hem biliv strong hao samfala difren idea stap haed insaed and hao Moses “garem bigfala savve saed long diswan.”

Plande handred year bifor, olketa Greek savveman hard for acceptim olketa Greek kastom story abaotem olketa giant and demon, wea hem nao olketa man and woman god bilong olketa. Olketa start for talem difren mining for olketa old story hia. James Drummond, savveman saed long living long Greece and Rome bifor, hem sei olsem abaotem datwan: “Olketa man hia trae for luk aotem mining wea stap haed insaed olketa kastom story, and olketa sei kaen story olsem wea garem samfala krangge and rabis toktok insaed, hem for piksarem nara samting wea tru and barava important.” Diswan hem wei for luk aotem tokpiksa mining long samting, and Philo trae for iusim disfala teknik for explainim Bible.

For lukim wanfala example bilong diswan, tingim Genesis 3:22 long Bagster’s Septuagint version, wea hem sei: “Lord God wakem kaleko from skin for Adam and waef bilong hem, and hem putim datwan long tufala.” Olketa Greek tingse God hem hae tumas for duim low waka olsem wei for wakem kaleko. So Philo tingse olketa verse hia garem tokpiksa mining and hem sei: “Kaleko from skin hem piksarem really skin, wea minim body bilong iumi, from taem God wakem tingting hem kolem datwan Adam; bihaen, hem creatim wei for muv and hem kolem datwan Laef. Then hem wakem wanfala body tu, wea hem kolem long tokpiksa wei, kaleko wea God wakem from skin.” Long wei olsem Philo trae for givim tokpiksa mining long datfala scripture for man ting raonem.

Tingim tu, Genesis 2:10-14, wea storyim wata long garden bilong Eden and fofala river wea ran go aot from datfala garden. Philo hem trae for faendem tokpiksa mining for olketa word wea storyim garden bilong Eden. Bihaen hem storyim land long there, hem sei: “Maet olketa verse hia garem tokpiksa mining tu, from fofala river hia piksarem fofala fasin.” Hem sei Pishon River maet piksarem gudfala tingting, Gihon River hem piksarem fasin for ting strong long samting, Tigris hem piksarem strong, and Euphrates piksarem justice. So hem mekem olketa samting long garden kamap tokpiksa samting nomoa.

Philo iusim olketa tokpiksa mining for explainim story bilong creation, taem Cain killim dae Abel, Flood long taem bilong Noah, wei wea olketa languis konfius long Babel, and staka principle bilong Law Bilong Moses. Olsem iumi lukim long datfala example long lastfala paragraf, plande taem hem talem really point bilong wanfala Bible verse and then hem start for putim go tokpiksa mining long datwan taem hem sei: “Maet hem gud for iumi tingim tokpiksa mining bilong olketa samting hia.” Main samting wea showaot long raeting bilong Philo hem olketa tokpiksa mining, and sorre nao, olketa really mining bilong Bible hem lus.

Hu Nao God?

Philo iusim wanfala strong tokpiksa for sapotim biliv hao God really stap. Bihaen hem storyim land, olketa river, planet, and star, hem sei: “World hem moa spesol winim eni nara creation, hem olsem man wea wakem hem savve hao for duim eni samting and savve bilong hem perfect. Diswan nao showimaot long iumi hao God hem stap.” Tru nao, diswan nao followim stretfala tingting.—Romans 1:20.

Bat taem Philo explainim hu nao Olmaeti God, hem barava go difren from samting wea tru. Philo hem sei God “no garem eni really fasin” and hem sei iumi “kanduit minim” God. Philo no laekem pipol for trae savve long God, and hem sei “hem krangge samting for man trae faendemaot moa samting, mekem hem savve long hu nao God or for trae savve long fasin bilong God.” Kaen tingting olsem no kam from Bible bat hem kam from datfala heathen savveman Plato.

Philo sei from iumi hard for minim God, iumi kanduit kolem hem long eni nem. Hem sei: “Dastawe hem barava fitim stretfala tingting for iumi no kolem datfala God wea laef long wanfala nem.” Disfala idea bilong hem nating followim samting wea tru!

Bible talem iumi stret hao God garem wanfala nem. Psalm 83:18 hem sei: “Iu, wea nem bilong iu Jehovah, iu nomoa Most Hae ovarem full earth.” Isaiah 42:8 talem toktok bilong God, wea hem sei: “Mi nao Jehovah. Hem nao nem bilong mi.” Why nao Philo, wea hem wanfala Jew wea savve long olketa Bible verse hia, teachim pipol hao God no garem nem? Hem duim olsem bikos hem no story abaotem God bilong Bible, bat hem storyim wanfala god wea kam from tingting bilong olketa Greek savveman and wea olketa man no savve fren gud witim hem.

Wanem nao Soul?

Philo teachim hao soul hem separate from body. Hem storyim hao olketa man “garem body and soul.” Waswe, soul savve dae? Lukim wei wea Philo explainim diswan: “Taem iumi laef, soul hem samting wea no laef wea stap insaed body bilong iumi, olsem hem insaed long wanfala grev. Bat sapos [body] hem dae, then soul bilong iumi bae kasem really laef, hem kamap free from datfala wicked body wea dae finis wea bifor hem stap insaed olsem wanfala prisoner.” Long tingting bilong Philo, soul hem dae long tokpiksa wei nomoa. No enitaem hem really dae. Hem kanduit dae.

Bat wanem nao Bible teachim abaotem soul? Genesis 2:7 hem sei: “Jehovah God hem wakem man from dust bilong graon and blowim wind bilong laef go insaed long nose bilong hem, and man hem kamap wanfala living soul.” Bible teachim hao olketa man no garem soul, bat olketa nao soul.

Bible teachim tu hao soul savve dae. Ezekiel 18:4 hem sei: “Soul wea hem sin—hem nao bae dae.” From olketa scripture hia iumi luksavve hao man nao hem wanfala soul. Dastawe, taem wanfala man hem dae, wanfala soul hem dae.—Genesis 19:19.a

Bihaen Philo hem dae, olketa Jew no interest long teaching bilong hem. Bat olketa Christian religion barava acceptim teachim bilong hem. Eusebius and olketa nara bigman bilong church tingse Philo hem kamap wanfala Christian. Jerome putim nem bilong hem long list bilong olketa Church Father. Olketa apostate Christian, and no olketa Jew nao, keepim gud raeting bilong Philo.

Raeting bilong Philo lead go long samfala important change long religion. Diswan affectim wei wea olketa religion wea sei olketa Christian acceptim datfala teaching wea no kam from Bible wea sei soul kanduit dae. And teaching bilong Philo abaotem datfala Logos (or, Word) hem lead go long Trinity, wanfala teaching bilong olketa apostate Christian wea no kam from Bible.

No Letem Eniwan Trikim Iu

Taem hem studyim olketa Hebrew Scripture, Philo mek sure hem “no missim eni tokpiksa mining wea maet haed insaed datfala simpol toktok.” Bat, long Deuteronomy 4:2, Moses hem sei olsem abaotem Law bilong God: “Iufala mas no addim eni samting long toktok wea mi komandim iufala, and iufala mas no aotem eni samting, mekem iufala keepim olketa komandment bilong God bilong iufala Jehovah wea mi komandim iufala.” Nomata luk olsem Philo tingse hem duim gud samting, olketa idea bilong hem kamap olsem bigfala smoke wea haedem kliafala instruction from Word bilong God.

Aposol Peter hem sei: “Hem no from olketa kleva giaman story nao mifala mekem iufala savve abaotem paoa and taem wea Lord bilong iumi Jesus Christ stap moa.” (2 Peter 1:16) Long wei wea difren evribit from raeting bilong Philo, samting wea Peter talem for fasfala Christian kongregeson hem garem faondeson long tru samting and hem kam from spirit bilong God, datfala “spirit bilong truth” wea leadim olketa go insaed long full truth.—John 16:13.

Sapos iu interest for worshipim God wea givim kam Bible, iu needim trufala information, no wei bilong olketa man for minim samting. Iu needim stretfala savve abaotem Jehovah and will bilong hem, and iu needim hambol fasin for kamap wanfala student wea barava interest for minim samting. Sapos iu studyim Bible witim gudfala tingting olsem, gogo, bae iu savve long “olketa holy raeting, wea fit for mekem iu wise for salvation thru long faith long Christ Jesus.” Bae iu lukim hao Word bilong God savve mekem iu “fit evribit, barava redi for duim evri gudfala waka.”—2 Timothy 3:15-17.

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TAON WEA PHILO STAP

Philo hem stap long Alexandria long Egypt and long there nao hem duim waka bilong hem. For plande handred year, datfala taon hem main ples long world saed long olketa buk and story bilong olketa savveman.

Olketa student lane from olketa savveman wea teach long olketa skul long datfala taon. Library long Alexandria kasem bignem long full world. Hem garem plande handred thousand buk, from olketa wea waka long there trae for kolektem copy bilong evri buk wea olketa man raetem.

Bihaen, pipol lusim wei for tinghae long Alexandria and savve wea stap long there. Olketa Emperor long Rome mekhae long taon bilong olketa seleva, and gogo, Europe kamap main ples saed long teaching and savve. Barava end bilong Alexandria kam long mek-seven  century C.E. taem samfala pipol kam and tekovarem datfala taon. Kam kasem distaem, olketa man wea raetem history sorre hao datfala library hem lus, and samfala long olketa sei datfala change stopem world for muv ahed long savve for samting olsem 1,000 year.

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L. Chapons/Illustrirte Familien-Bibel nach der deutschen Uebersetzung Dr. Martin Luthers

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TOKPIKSA WEI FOR MINIM SAMTING DISTAEM

Tokpiksa wei for minim samting hem minim wei for iusim olketa really samting long laef for piksarem difren samting. Pipol tingse kaen wei for raet olsem hem for haedem mining wea hem moa important. Olsem Philo from Alexandria, samfala teacher bilong religion distaem iusim olketa tokpiksa mining for explainim Bible.

Tingim Genesis chapter 1-11, wea hem storyim history bilong olketa man start kam long taem bilong creation go kasem taem pipol muv aot from taoa bilong Babel. The New American Bible, wanfala Catholic transleison, hem sei olsem abaotem datfala sekson bilong Bible: “For mekem pipol bilong Israel minim olketa tru samting insaed olketa chapter hia, olketa wea raetem storyim long wei wea pipol long datfala taem bae minim. Dastawe, iumi mas separatem olketa tru samting hia from olketa word wea olketa iusim for talem.” So olketa sei Genesis chapter 1-11 garem tokpiksa mining nomoa. Long sem wei wea kaleko kavarem body, olketa word hia haedem mining wea moa deep.

Bat Jesus teachim pipol hao olketa chapter hia long Genesis, olketa barava tru. (Matthew 19:4-6; 24:37-39) Aposol Paul and Peter teachim sem samting. (Acts 17:24-26; 2 Peter 2:5; 3:6, 7) Olketa Bible student wea barava interest long truth rejectim wei for explainim Bible wea no agree witim full Word bilong God.

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Mamaeti laethaos long Alexandria

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Archives Charmet/Bridgeman Art Library