Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima
Ibikurubikuru vyo mu gitabu co Guharūra
AHO Abisirayeli bamariye kuva mu Misiri, barungunganijwe bagirwa ihanga. Inyuma gato y’aho, bari gushobora kwinjira mu Gihugu c’Isezerano, ariko ntibacinjiyemwo. Ahubwo riho, bategerejwe kumara imyaka nka mirongo ine bayerera mu “bugaragwa bunini buteye ubgoba” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 8:15). Kubera iki? Inkuru ya kahise yo mu gitabu ca Bibiliya co Guharūra iratubwira uko vyagenze. Ikwiye gutuma tubona ko bikenewe kugamburukira Yehova Imana no kwubaha abamuserukira.
Igitabu co Guharūra canditswe na Musa mu bugaragwa no mu Biyaya vy’i Mowabu, kikaba kivuga ivyabaye mu kiringo c’imyaka 38 n’amezi 9, kuva mu 1512 B.G.C. gushika mu 1473 B.G.C. (Guharūra 1:1; Gusubira mu vyagezwe 1:3). Izina ry’ico gitabu ryavuye mu nsansuma zibiri z’Abisirayeli zagizwe, hagati y’urusansuma n’urundi hakaba haciyemwo nk’imyaka 38 (Ikigabane ca 1-4, 26). Iyo nkuru igabuwemwo ibihimba bitatu. Igihimba ca mbere cigana ibintu vyabaye ku Musozi Sinayi. Ikigira kabiri kivuga ivyabaye mu kiringo Abisirayeli bamaze bayerera mu bugaragwa. Igihimba kigira gatatu na co kikaba kivuga ibintu vyabaye mu Biyaya vy’i Mowabu. Uko usoma iyo nkuru, hari aho woshima kwibaza ibi bibazo: ‘Ivyo bintu vyashitse binyigisha iki? Muri iki gitabu hoba harimwo ingingo ngenderwako zishobora kungirira akamaro muri iki gihe?’.
KU MUSOZI SINAYI
(Guharūra 1:1–10:10)
Urusansuma rwa mbere muri za zindi zibiri rugirwa Abisirayeli bakiri ku mucamo w’Umusozi Sinayi. Abantu b’igitsina gabo bafise kuva ku myaka 20 kuduga, tudashizemwo Abalewi, bose hamwe ni 603.550. Urwo rusansuma biboneka ko rugirwa ku bw’intumbero ijanye n’ivya gisirikare. Ikoraniro ryose, harimwo abagore, abana n’Abalewi, bashobora kuba bashika ku bantu barenga imiliyoni zitatu.
Inyuma y’urwo rusansuma, Abisirayeli barahabwa inyobozo zijanye n’ukuntu boza baragenda ku rutonde, bagahabwa amakuru y’ido n’ido ajanye n’amabanga y’Abalewi be n’umurimo wo kw’itaberenakulo, amabwirizwa ajanye n’ikumirwa ry’abarwaye indwara zandukira, hamwe n’amategeko ajanye n’igihe haba habaye ugufuha be n’ayajanye n’indagano zigirwa n’Abanaziri. Ikigabane ca 7 kirimwo amakuru yerekeye amashikanwa atangwa n’abakuru b’imiryango mu bijanye no gushikiriza Imana igicaniro, ikigabane ca 9 na co kikaba kivuga ibijanye no guhimbaza Pasika. Iryo koraniro rirahabwa kandi inyobozo zijanye no gushinga amahema be no kuyashingura.
Inyishu z’ibibazo bishingiye ku Vyanditswe:
2:1, 2—‘Utubendera’ ya miryango uko igabuwemwo imice, umuce umwumwe wose ukaba wari ugizwe n’imiryango itatu yakoranira iruhande ikadukikuza igihe bari mu bugaragwa twari uduki? Bibiliya ntiyerekana utwo ari two. Ariko rero, ntitwabonwa ko ari ibimenyetso vyeranda canke ngo duhabwe insobanuro ijanye n’ivyo gusenga. Utwo tubendera twakoreshwa ku bw’intumbero yo kuborohereza ibintu, ni ukuvuga gufasha umuntu kumenya ikibanza kibereye ahereramwo aho bashagaje.
5:27—‘Ukunyunyuka ikibero’ kw’umugore yagīrwa n’ukurenga ibigo gusobanura iki? Ijambo “ikibero” rikoreshwa ngaha kugira ngo rigereranye ibihimba vy’irondoka (Itanguriro 46:26). Ukuba ‘conyunyutse’ bishaka kwerekana yuko ivyo bihimba vyokwononekaye, ku buryo ugusama kutoshobotse.
Ivyigwa tuhigira:
6:1-7. Abanaziri bategerezwa kwirinda ibintu vyaba vyavuye mu nzabibu be n’ibinyobwa vyose biboreza, bikaba vyabasaba kwiyanka. Babwirizwa kureka umushatsi wabo ugakura ukaba muremure, ico kikaba cari ikimenyetso c’uko bayobokera Yehova, nka kurya nyene abakenyezi babwirizwa kugamburukira abanega babo canke ba se. Abanaziri babwirizwa kuguma badahumanye mu kutegera umuvyimba n’umwe, mbere n’umuvyimba w’incuti ya hafi. Abasuku b’igihe cose muri iki gihe baragaragaza agatima k’ukwitanga ku bijanye n’ukwiyanka be n’ukuyobokera Yehova n’indinganizo ziwe. Ibikebere bimwebimwe vyoshobora gusaba ko umuntu agenda mu gihugu ca kure, ivyo bikaba mbere vyoshobora gutuma bimugora canke bitamushobokera kugaruka i muhira ku maziko y’incuti ya hafi.
8:25, 26. Kugira ngo umurimo w’Abalewi ushobore kurangurwa neza, kandi bitumwe no kwubahiriza imyaka y’abageze mu za bukuru, abatama bategekwa gukukuruka bakava ku bikorwa basabwa gukora kw’ibwirizwa. Ariko rero, bavyishakiye barashobora gusahiriza abandi Balewi. Naho umuntu adashobora gukukuruka ngo areke kuba umwamamaji w’Ubwami muri iki gihe, ingingo ngenderwako iri muri iryo tegeko irigisha icigwa ngirakamaro. Mu gihe umukirisu aba adashoboye kurangura amabanga kanaka bitumwe n’uko yitereye mu myaka, yoshobora kugira uruhara mu bwoko bw’umurimo ashoboye kurangura.
BAGENDA BARIMUKA MU BUGARAGWA
(Guharūra 10:11–21:35)
Ca gicu co hejuru y’itaberenakulo amaherezo kiduze, Abisirayeli batangura urugendo ruzobashikana mu biyaya vy’ubugaragwa vy’i Mowabu inyuma y’imyaka 38 n’ukwezi kumwe canke abiri. Hari aho wosanga vyokugirira akamaro ukurikiranye aho bagiye baraca, kw’ikarata iri ku rupapuro rwa 9 muri ka gatabu gafise umutwe uvuga ngo “Raba ca gihugu ciza”, kasohowe n’Ivyabona vya Yehova.
Ku nzira ija i Kadeshi mu Bugaragwa bw’i Parani, haraba ukwidodomba incuro zitari munsi ya zitatu. Ukwidodomba kwa mbere kwahwamitswe igihe Yehova arungika umuriro ukayigiza bamwebamwe muri nya bantu. Mu kwidodomba kugira kabiri, Abisirayeli bararirira inyama, Yehova akabaronsa inkware. Miriyamu na Aroni baridodombera Musa bigatuma Miriyamu amara igihe gito atewe n’imibembe.
Bashagaje i Kadeshi, Musa arungika abagabo 12 gutata Igihugu c’Isezerano. Bagaruka inyuma y’imisi 40. Kubera ko abantu bemeye raporo ivuna inkokora ishikirizwa na cumi muri abo batasi, bashaka gutera amabuye Musa, Aroni hamwe na ba batasi b’abizerwa ari bo Yosuwa na Kalebu. Yehova ashatse kurekurira mu bantu ikiza, mugabo Musa arabavugira, maze Imana imenyekanisha yuko bazomara imyaka 40 bayerera mu bugaragwa, gushika abaharuwe bamaze gupfa.
Yehova aratanga ayandi mategeko. Kora n’abandi bantu baragarariza Musa na Aroni, mugabo abo bagarariji baricwa, bamwe barigitwa n’umuriro abandi bamirwa n’isi. Bukeye bw’aho, ikoraniro ryose uko ryakabaye ryidodombera Musa na Aroni. Ico bivamwo, abantu 14.700 baricwa n’ikiza kivuye kuri Yehova. Kugira ngo Imana imenyekanishe umuherezi mukuru yarobanuye, iratuma inkoni ya Aroni inaga. Yehova araheza agatanga ayandi mabwirizwa ajanye n’amabanga y’Abalewi be n’uguhumanurwa kw’abantu. Ikoreshwa ry’umunyota w’inka y’akagajo rigereranya ihumanurwa riba biciye ku nkuka ya Yezu.—Abaheburayo 9:13, 14.
Abisirayeli basubira i Kadeshi, aho hakaba ari ho Miriyamu agwa. Ikoraniro risubira kwidodombera Musa na Aroni. Imvo ituma ribidodombera ni iyihe? Ni ukubura amazi. Kubera yuko Musa na Aroni bananirwa kweza izina rya Yehova igihe baronkeje abantu amazi ku gitangaro, baratakaza agateka ko kwinjira mu Gihugu c’Isezerano. Abisirayeli bava i Kadeshi, Aroni araheza apfira ku Musozi Hori. Igihe Abisirayeli bariko bagendera ku rubibe rwa Edomu bararuha maze bagatonganya Imana na Musa. Yehova arungika inzoka z’ubumara kugira ngo abahane. Musa yongera gutakamba ku bwabo, hanyuma Imana imubwira gucura inzoka mu muringa no kuyimanika ku giti kugira ngo abo inzoka zikomoye bakaraba iyo imanitswe, bace bakira. Iyo nzoka igereranya imanikwa rya Yezu Kirisitu ku neza yacu y’ibihe bidahera (Yohana 3:14, 15). Isirayeli iranesha abami b’Abamori ari bo Sihoni na Ogi kandi ikigarurira intara zabo.
Inyishu z’ibibazo bishingiye ku Vyanditswe:
12:1—Ni kubera iki Miriyamu na Aroni bidodombeye Musa? Imvo nyakuri yatumye bidodomba biboneka yuko cari icipfuzo Miriyamu yari afise co kuronka ubukuru bwisununuye. Igihe umugore wa Musa ari we Zipora yasanga Musa mu bugaragwa, Miriyamu ashobora kuba yatinye yuko atosubiye kubonwa nka we kizigenza w’abakenyezi aho hantu bari bashagaje.—Kuvayo 18:1-5.
12:9-11—Ni kubera iki Miriyamu ari we wenyene yatewe n’imibembe? Bishoboka cane yuko ari we yatanguje kwa kwidodomba kandi akumvisha Aroni ngo amushigikire. Aroni yaragaragaje inyifato igororotse mu kwemera ikosa yari yakoze.
21:14, 15—Igitabu cavuzwe ngaha cari ikihe? Ivyanditswe biravuga ibitabu bitandukanye abanditsi ba Bibiliya bakoresheje bwa soko ry’amayagwa (Yosuwa 10:12, 13; 1 Abami 11:41; 14:19, 29). “Igitabo c’Intambara z’Uhoraho” cari kimwe muri mwene ivyo bitabu. Muri ico gitabu harimwo inkuru ya kahise yerekeye intambara abasavyi ba Yehova bagiye bararwana.
Ivyigwa tuhigira:
11:27-29. Musa aratanga akarorero ntangere kerekana inyifato dukwiye kugira mu gihe abandi batewe uduteka mu murimo wa Yehova. Aho kugira ngo Musa n’ishari n’akantu yironderere icubahiro, yarahimbawe igihe Elidadi na Medadi batangura gukora ari abavugishwa n’Imana.
12:2, 9, 10; 16:1-3, 12-14, 31-35, 41, 46-50. Yehova yiteze ko abasavyi biwe bubaha ubukuru bwatanzwe n’Imana.
14:24. Ikintu gihambaye gituma umuntu ananira imikazo y’isi ku bijanye n’ikibi ni ugutsimbataza “uwundi mutima” canke iyindi nyifato yo mu muzirikanyi. Itegerezwa kuba inyifato itameze nk’iy’isi.
15:37-41. Ubuyonga bumeze ukwabwo bw’impuzu z’Abisirayeli bwari bugenewe kubibutsa yuko bari ihanga ryashizwe ku ruhande kugira ngo ryambaze Imana kandi rigamburuke amabwirizwa yayo. None tweho ntidukwiye kubaho twisunga ingingo mfatirwako z’Imana kandi tukitandukanya n’isi?
MU BIYAYA VY’I MOWABU
(Guharūra 22:1–36:13)
Igihe Abisirayeli bashagaje mu biyaya vy’ubugaragwa vy’i Mowabu, Abanyamowabu baracibwa ivutu na bo. Kubera ico, Umwami w’i Mowabu ari we Balaki ahera Balamu kugira ngo avume Abisirayeli. Mugabo Yehova arahata Balamu kubahezagira. Mu nyuma, Abanyamowabukazi be n’Abamidiyanikazi barakoreshwa kugira ngo bakwegere abagabo b’Abisirayeli mu busambanyi no mu gusenga ibigirwamana. Ico bivamwo, Yehova arica Abisirayeli 24.000 bagirwa n’ubusambanyi. Amaherezo ikiza yabateje kirahagarara igihe Finehasi agaragaje yuko atarenza uruho rw’amazi ku kintu na kimwe kirwanya Yehova.
Urusansuma rugira kabiri rurahishura yuko ata mugabo n’umwe akiriho mu baharuwe mu rusansuma rwa mbere, kiretse Yosuwa na Kalebu. Yosuwa ashingwa ibanga ryo kuba umusubirizi wa Musa. Abisirayeli barabwirwa ukuntu bazoja barabigenza mu bijanye no gutanga amashikanwa atandukanye, bagahabwa n’inyobozo zijanye n’indagano. Abisirayeli kandi barihora Abamidiyani. Umuryango wa Reyubeni, uwa Gadi n’umuryango w’igice wa Manase ija kuba mu Buseruko bw’Uruzi Yorodani. Isirayeli irahabwa amabwirizwa ku bijanye n’ukujabuka Yorodani n’ayajanye n’ukwigarurira ico gihugu. Haratomorwa utuntu tw’ido n’ido ku vyerekeye imbibe z’ico gihugu. Abatorana ishamvu bategerezwa gutorwa biciye ku bupfindo. Abalewi bahabwa ibisagara 48, ibisagara 6 muri ivyo bikaba bitegerezwa kuba ibisagara vy’ubuhungiro.
Inyishu z’ibibazo bishingiye ku Vyanditswe:
22:20-22—Ni kubera iki uburake bwa Yehova bwaziriringiye Balamu? Yehova yari yabujije Balamu kuvuma Abisirayeli (Guharūra 22:12). Ariko rero, uwo kamenyi yarajanye n’abantu ba Balaki ata kindi kimujanye atari ukuvuma Isirayeli. Balamu yashaka guhimbara umwami w’i Mowabu ngo aheze aronke agahembo kavuye kuri uwo mwami (2 Petero 2:15, 16; Yuda 11). N’igihe nyene Balamu yahatwa guhezagira Isirayeli mu gishingo co kuyivuma, yaritonesheje ku mwami mu gutanga iciyumviro c’uko abagore basenga Bayali bokoreshwa mu kuryosharyosha abagabo b’Abisirayeli (Guharūra 31:15, 16). Ku bw’ivyo rero, imvo yatumye uburake bw’Imana buziriringira Balamu ni umwina w’agaterasoni uwo kamenyi yagize.
30:6-8—Umugabo mukirisu yoba ashobora gukuraho indagano umukenyezi wiwe yagize? Ku bijanye n’indagano, ubu Yehova azigirana n’abasavyi biwe umwe wese ukwiwe. Nk’akarorero, kwiyegurira Yehova ni indagano umuntu agira ku giti ciwe (Ab’i Galatiya 6:5). Umunega nta burenganzira afise bwo gukuraho indagano nk’iyo. Ariko rero, umukenyezi akwiye kwirinda kugira indagano iteye kubiri n’Ijambo ry’Imana canke iteye kubiri n’amabanga ajejwe ku munega wiwe.
Ivyigwa tuhigira:
25:11. Mbega akarorero Finehasi yadushiriyeho ko kugirira ishaka ugusenga Yehova! None icipfuzo co kugumiza ishengero ridahumanye ntigikwiye kutuvyurira umutima wo kubwira abakurambere bakirisu ikintu ico ari co cose twoba tuzi ku bijanye n’ubushegabo bwoba bwagizwe?
35:9-29. Kuba umuntu yishe uwundi atabishaka yategerezwa kuva aho aba maze agahungira mu gisagara c’ubuhungiro akamarayo ikiringo kanaka, biratwigisha yuko ubuzima ari bweranda be n’uko dutegerezwa kubwubaha.
35:33. Isi yahumanijwe n’amaraso yasheshwe y’abantu batagira ikibagira, ishobora guhongerwa gusa n’amaraso ya bene kuyasesa. Ese ukuntu bibereye kubona Yehova azosangangura abanyakibi imbere y’uko isi ihinduka iparadizo!—Imigani 2:21, 22; Daniyeli 2:44.
Ijambo ry’Imana rifise ubukuba
Dutegerezwa kwubaha Yehova be n’abo yajeje amabanga mu basavyi biwe. Emwe, igitabu co Guharūra kirarushiriza gushira ahabona ico kintu. Ese ukuntu ico ari icigwa gihambaye kijanye n’ukuzigama amahoro n’ubumwe mw’ishengero muri iki gihe!
Ibintu vyabaye vyiganwa mu gitabu co Guharūra birerekana ingene abafata minenegwe kamere yabo y’ivy’impwemu bashobora kugwa mu caha bitagoranye, nk’ukwidodomba, ubushegabo be n’ugusenga ibigirwamana. Bumwebumwe mu burorero be na bimwebimwe mu vyigwa vyo muri iki gitabu ca Bibiliya birashobora gukoreshwa bwa shimikiro ry’ibikenewe iwanyu kw’Ikoraniro ry’umurimo mu mashengero y’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Ego cane, “ijambo ry’Imana [ni] rizima, rifise ubukuba” mu buzima bwacu.—Abaheburayo 4:12.
[Ifoto ku rup. 24, 25]
Biciye ku gicu gitangaje cari hejuru y’itaberenakulo, Yehova yaratanga ubuyobozi ku bijanye no gushinga amahema y’Abisirayeli be no kuyashingura
[Amafoto ku rup. 26]
Yehova arakwiriye ko tumugamburukira kandi yiteze ko twubaha abamuserukira