Tora ke Eng?

Karabo ya Baebele

Lefoko la Seesemane le le ranotsweng e le “Tora” le tswa mo lefokong la Sehebera toh·rahʹ, le le ka ranolwang e le “taelo,” “go ruta” kgotsa “molao.”a (Diane 1:8; 3:1; 28:4) Re tlile go sekaseka tsela e lefoko leno la Sehebera le dirisiwang ka yone mo Baebeleng.

Gantsi “Tora” e emela dibuka tsa ntlha tse tlhano tsa Baebele—Genesise, Ekesodo, Lefitiko, Dipalo le Duteronome. Gape ka Segerika di bidiwa Pentateuch kgotsa “dibolumo tse tlhano.” Tora e ile ya kwalwa ke Moshe, ke ka moo e bidiwang ‘buka ya molao wa ga Moshe.’ (Joshua 8:31; Nehemia 8:1) Go bonala kwa tshimologong e ne e le buka e le nngwe mme moragonyana e ile ya kgaoganngwa gore go nne motlhofo go e bala.
Gape Tora e ne e le melao e e neng ya newa Baiseraele fa go tla mo dilong tse di jaaka “molao [tora] wa tshupelo ya boleo,” “molao ka ga lepero” le “molao ka ga Monasirite.”—Lefitiko 6:25; 14:57; Dipalo 6:13.
Ka dinako tse dingwe Tora e kaya ditaelo le dithuto, tse di tswang mo batsading, kwa bathong ba ba botlhale kgotsa kwa Modimong.—Diane 1:8; 3:1; 13:14; Isaia 2:3.

Ke eng se se kwadilweng mo Toreng kgotsa mo Pentateuch?

Hisitori ya tsela e Modimong a ileng a dirisana le batho ka yone go tloga kwa tshimologong go fitlha ka nako ya fa Moshe a ne a tlhokafala.—Genesise 1:27, 28; Duteronome 34:5.
Melao e Modimo a neng a e naya Moshe. (Ekesodo 24:3) Melao eo e ne e feta 600. Gareng ga yone go ne go na le molao o o itsegeng thata o o bidiwang Shema. Karolo nngwe ya molao oo wa Shema ya re: “O rate Jehofa Modimo wa gago ka pelo yotlhe ya gago le ka moya otlhe wa gago le ka maatla otlhe a gago.” (Duteronome 6:4-9) Jesu o ne a tlhalosa gore “eno ke taelo e kgolo thata e bile e le ya ntlha.”—Mathaio 22:36-38.
Leina la Modimo e bong Jehofa le tlhagelela makgetlo a ka nna 1 800. Go na le gore Tora e thibele batho go dirisa leina la Modimo, e na le ditaelo tse mo go tsone Modimo a laelang batho gore ba dirise leina la gagwe.—Dipalo 6:22-27; Duteronome 6:13; 10:8; 21:5.

Dikgopolo tse di seng boammaaruri ka Tora

Kgopolo e e phoso: Melao ya Tora ga e felelwe ke nako, e nnela ruri.

Boammaaruri: Fa Dibaebele dingwe di bua ka melao ya Tora, e e akaretsang molao wa Sabata, wa baperesiti le wa Letsatsi la Tetlanyo, di dirisa mafoko a a reng “ka bosakhutleng.” (Ekesodo 31:16; 40:15; Lefitiko 16:33, 34) Le fa go ntse jalo, lefoko la Sehebera le le dirisitsweng mo ditemaneng tseo le ka kaya selo se se tsayang lobaka lo loleele thata mme e se gore ga se kitla se khutla.b Molao o Modimo a neng a o naya Moshe o ne wa tswelela o dira ka dingwaga di ka nna 900 mme Modimo o ne a bolelela pele gore molao oo o tlile go emisediwa ke “kgolagano e ntšha.” (Jeremia 31:31-33) Fa Modimo “a re ‘kgolagano e ntšha,’ o dirile gore ya pele e se ka ya tlhola e dira.” (Bahebera 8:7-13) Kgolagano e ntšha e ile ya simolola go dira dingwaga di ka nna 2 000 tse di fetileng fa Jesu Keresete a sena go swa.—Baefeso 2:15.

Kgopolo e e phoso: Melao le dingwao tsa bogologolo tsa Bajuda di tshwana le melao ya Tora.

Boammaaruri: Ga go na bosupi bope mo Baebeleng jo bo bontshang gore Modimo o ne a laela Moshe gore a kwale Tora le gore a tshwarelele melao e mengwe ka tlhogo. Go na le moo, Baebele ya re: “Jehofa a tswelela a raya Moshe a re: ‘Ikwalele mafoko ano.’” (Ekesodo 34:27) Melao eo e mengwe e e neng e bidiwa Mishnah mme morago e ileng ya bidiwa Talmud, e na le dingwao tsa Bajuda tse di ileng tsa simololwa ke Bafarasai. Gantsi dingwao tseo di ne di ganetsana le melao ya Tora. Ke ka moo Jesu a ileng a raya Bafarasai a re: “Lo dirile lefoko la Modimo lefela ka ntlha ya ngwao ya lona.”—Mathaio 15:1-9.

Kgopolo e e phoso: Basadi ga ba a tshwanela go rutiwa melao ya Tora.

Boammaaruri: Molao o Modimo a neng a o naya Moshe o ne o na le taelo e e neng e re Molao oo o balelwe batho botlhe ba Iseraele, go akaretsa le basadi le bana. Goreng? “Gore ba reetse le gore ba ithute, e re ka ba tshwanetse go boifa Jehofa Modimo wa [bone] le go tlhokomela go diragatsa mafoko otlhe a molao ono.”—Duteronome 31:10-12.c

Kgopolo e e phoso: Tora e na le melaetsa e e fitlhegileng.

Boammaaruri: Mokwadi wa Tora e bong Moshe o ne a tlhalosa gore molaetsa wa yone o tlhaloganngwa ke batho botlhe le gore ga go na sepe se se fitlhegileng mo go one. (Duteronome 30:11-14) Kgopolo eo ya gore Tora e na le melaetsa e e fitlhegileng e tlile ka Kabbalah kgotsa ngwao ya Bajuda ya go batla masaitsiweng e gantsi e neng e latela “dipolelo tsa maaka” go tlhalosa Dikwalo.d—2 Petere 1:16.

a Bona Kgatiso e e Tokafaditsweng ya The Strongest Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, karolo 8451 e e nang le setlhogo se se reng, “Hebrew-Aramaic Dictionary-Index to the Old Testament.”

b Bona Bolumo 2 ya buka ya Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament, tsebe 672-673.

c Go farologana le se Tora e neng e se ruta, gantsi melao ya Bajuda e ne e thibela basadi gore ba se ka ba ithuta Tora. Ka sekai, Mishnah e na le mafoko a a ileng a buiwa ke Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus yo o neng a re: “Fa o ruta morwadio Tora, go tshwana le fa o mo ruta go dira dilo tse di maswe.” (Sotah 3:4) Talmud ya kwa Jerusalema e na le mafoko a a reng: “A bogolo mafoko a Tora a jewe ka molelo go na le gore a rutwe basadi.”—Sotah 3:19a.

d Ka sekai, buka ya Encyclopaedia Judaica e tlhalosa tsela e batho ba ba latelang ngwao ya Kabbalah ba neng ba ikutlwa ka yone ka Tora, ya re: “Tora ga e tlhalose dilo ka tsela e e utlwalang sentle, go na le moo e bua ka dilo tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tse di diregang mo maemong a a farologaneng a botshelo.”—Kgatiso ya Bobedi, Bolume 11, tsebe 659.