Masungulo Ya Tona Ni Ku Kula Ka Tona Ka Manguva Lawa

MATIMU ya manguva lawa ya Timbhoni ta Yehovha ma sungule emalembeni lama tlulaka dzana lama hundzeke. Eku sunguleni ka va-1870, ntlawa wa dyondzo ya Bibele lowu nga xiyekiki wu sungurile eAllegheny le Pennsylvania, eU.S.A., laha sweswi ku nga xiphemu xa Pittsburgh. Charles Taze Russell a a ri mufambisi-nkulu wa ntlawa wolowo. Hi July 1879, nkandziyiso wo sungula wa magazini wa Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence wu kandziyisiwile. Hi 1880 ntlawa wolowo wun’we lowutsongo wa dyondzo ya Bibele wu tswale makume ya mavandlha lama simekiweke eka swifundzha swa le kusuhi ni kwalaho. Hi 1881 ku vumbiwe Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society, naswona hi 1884 yi tsarisiwe ximfumo, laha Russell a veke muungameri wa yona. Vito ra Sosayiti endzhakunyana ri cinciwe ri va Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Vo tala a va veka vumbhoni hi yindlu na yindlu va fambisa tibuku ta Bibele. Hi 1888, vanhu va 50 a va endla ntirho lowu nkarhi hinkwawo—sweswi nhlayo-xikarhi emisaveni hinkwayo yi fika kwalomu ka 700 000.

Hi 1909 ntirho lowu wu tlulele ematikweni man’wana, naswona ntsindza wa Sosayiti wu rhurhiseriwe eka xivandla lexi wu nga eka xona ni sweswi le Brooklyn, eNew York. Tidyondzo leti kandziyisiweke ti nghenisiwe eka maphepha-hungu, naswona hi 1913 a ti huma hi tindzimi ta mune eka maphepha-hungu ya magidi eUnited States, Canada ni le Yuropa. Tibuku, swibukwana ni swiphephana swi hangalasiwile hi madzana ya timiliyoni.

Hi 1912 ku sungule ntirho wa “Photo-Drama of Creation.” Hi ku tirhisa ti-slide ni swifaniso leswi tshukatshukaka leswi fambisanaka na mpfumawulo, a yi vulavula hi rungula leri sukelaka eku vumbiweni ka misava ku ya fika emakun’wini ya Ku Fuma ka Kreste ka Gidi ra Malembe. Minkombiso yi sungule hi 1914, laha 35 000 wa vahlaleri a va yi vona siku na siku. Nkombiso lowu wa swifaniso leswi tshukatshukaka leswi fambisanaka ni mpfumawulo a wu ri wona wo sungula.

LEMBE RA 1914

Nkarhi wo nonon’hwa a wu ri karhi wu tshinela. Hi 1876, Charles Taze Russell, xichudeni xa Bibele u tsale xihloko lexi nge “Minkarhi Ya Vamatiko: Xana Yi Hela Rini?” eka Bible Examiner, leyi kandziyisiweke eBrooklyn, New York, leyi enkandziyisweni wa October, eka tluka 27, yi nga te, “Minkarhi ya nkombo yi ta hela hi A.D. 1914.” Minkarhi ya Vamatiko i nkarhi lowu vuhundzuluxeri byin’wana bya Bibele byi wu vulaka “minkarhi leyi vekiweke ya vamatiko.” (Luka 21:24) Swin’wana leswi a ku languteriwe leswaku swi ta humelela hi lembe ra 1914 a swi humelelanga, kambe lembe rero ri funghe makumu ya Minkarhi ya Vamatiko naswona a ku ri lembe ro hlawuleka. Van’wamatimu vo tala ni vahlamuseri va pfumela leswaku 1914 i lembe leri teke ni tinxangu ematin’wini ya vanhu. Tinhlamuselo leti landzelaka ti komba sweswo:

“Lembe ro hetelela ‘leri tolovelekeke’ evurungurwini a ku ri 1913, lembe leri rhangeleke ku sungula ka Nyimpi yo Sungula ya Misava.”—Marito ya muhleri eka Times-Herald, Washington, D.C., March 13, 1949.

“Van’wamatimu va teka nkarhi lowu endlaka malembe ya 75, ku sukela hi 1914 ku ya eka 1989, lowu hlanganisaka tinyimpi timbirhi ta misava ni nyimpi ya vusukumbela, wu ri nguva yo hlawuleka, laha matiko yo tala ya misava a ma nghenele nyimpi, ma hlakarhela eka nhlaselo wa nyimpi kumbe ma tilunghiselela nyimpi.”—The New York Times, May 7, 1995.

“Misava hinkwayo yi yime hi nhloko hi nkarhi wa Nyimpi yo Sungula ya Misava, kambe ni sweswi a hi swi tivi leswaku hikwalaho ka yini. Loko ku nga si fika nkarhi wolowo, vanhu a va anakanya leswaku va hanya eka byandlani. A ku ri na ku rhula ni ku tshamiseka. Hiloko swilo hinkwaswo swi yima hi nhloko. Hi sale hi yime tindleve ku sukela kwalaho . . . Ku dlayiwe vanhu vo tala eka lembe-xidzana leri ku tlula eka matimu hinkwawo.”—Dok. Walker Percy, American Medical News, November 21, 1977.

Malembe lama tlulaka 50 endzhaku ka 1914, Konrad Adenauer mufumi wa le Jarimani, u tsale a ku: “Nsirhelelo ni ku rhula swi nyamalarile evuton’wini bya vanhu ku sukela hi 1914.”—The West Parker, Cleveland, Ohio, January 20, 1966.

Muungameri wo sungula wa Sosayiti, C. T. Russell u fe hi 1916, naswona lembe leri tlhandlameke u siviwe hi Joseph F. Rutherford. Ku ve ni ku hundzuka lokukulu. Ku humesiwe magazini lowu fambisanaka ni wa Xihondzo xo Rindza, lowu wona a wu vitaniwa The Golden Age. (Sweswi wu vitaniwa Xalamuka!, naswona ku gandlisiwa tikopi ta wona to tlula 20 000 000 hi tindzimi to tlula 80.) Ku veka vumbhoni hi yindlu na yindlu swi kandziyisiwe swinene. Leswaku va tihambanisa ni mintlawa ya Vujagana, hi 1931 Vakreste lava va amukele vito leri nge Timbhoni ta Yehovha. Vito leri ri sekeriwe eka Esaya 43:10-12.

Xiya-ni-moya a xi tirhisiwa swinene hi va-1920 na va-1930. Hi 1933 Sosayiti a yi tirhisa 403 wa switichi swa xiya-ni-moya yi haxa tidyondzo ta Bibele. Endzhakunyana, ku tirhisiwa ka xiya-ni-moya ku siviwe swinene hi maendzo lama engetelekeke ya yindlu na yindlu lama endliweke hi Timbhoni ti ri na tigramafoni to rhwaleka ni tinkulumo ta Bibele leti rhekhodiweke. Tidyondzo ta le kaya ta Bibele ti sunguriwile ni munhu wihi ni wihi loyi a kombiseke leswaku u tsakela ntiyiso wa Bibele.

KU HLULA ETIHUBYENI

Hi va-1930 na va-1940 Timbhoni to tala ti khomiwile hikwalaho ko endla ntirho lowu, naswona milandzu ya le tihubyeni a yi lwiwa hi ku lava ku hlayisa ntshunxeko wa ku vulavula, ku kandziyisa, ku hlengeletana ni vugandzeri. EUnited States, swivilelo eka tihuvo letintsongo swi endle leswaku Timbhoni ti wina milandzu ya 43 eka Huvo-nkulu ya le United States. Hilaha ku fanaka, ku avanyisiwa lokunene ku kumiwile etihubyeni leti tlakukeke ta matiko man’wana. Malunghana ni ku hlula loku ka le hubyeni, Profesa C. S. Braden, eka buku yakwe leyi nge These Also Believe, u vulavule hi Timbhoni a ku: “Ti ve xikombiso eka xidemokrati hi ku lwela ka tona ku hlayisa timfanelo ta tona ta le tikweni, hikuva eka matshalatshala ya tona ti lwe hi matimba leswaku ti sirhelela timfanelo teto eka ntlawa wun’wana ni wun’wana lowutsongo eAmerika.”

MINONGONOKO LEYI HLAWULEKEKE YA VULETERI

J. F. Rutherford u fe hi 1942, naswona eka vuungameri u siviwe hi N. H. Knorr. Ku sungule nongonoko wa vuleteri lowu simekiweke hi vun’we. Hi 1943 ku sungule xikolo xa vuleteri lebyi hlawulekeke xa varhumiwa, lexi vitaniwaka Xikolo xa Bibele xa Gilead xa Watchtower. Ku sukela enkarhini wolowo ku ya emahlweni, mathwasana lama sukaka eka xikolo lexi ma rhumeriwe ematikweni ya misava hinkwayo. Mavandlha lamantshwa ma vumbiwile eka matiko lawa a ma nga ri na wona, naswona ku simekiwe marhavi lawa sweswi ma tlulaka 100 ematikweni yo hambana-hambana. Nkarhi na nkarhi, ku va na tikhoso leti hlawulekeke to letela vakulu va mavandlha, vatirhi vo tirhandzela emarhavini ni lava tirhaka nkarhi lowu teleke (tanihi maphayona) entirhweni wo nyikela vumbhoni. Swikolo swo hlayanyana leswi hlawulekeke swo letela vatirheli swi khomiwile exivandleni xa dyondzo ePatterson, le New York.

N. H. Knorr u fe hi 1977. Swin’wana leswi a hoxeke xandla eka swona a nga si fa, malunghana ni ku cinca loku veke kona enhlengeletanweni ku ve ku engeteriwa ka nhlayo ya swirho swa Huvo leyi Fumaka, leyi nga eyindlu-nkulu ya misava hinkwayo eBrooklyn. Hi 1976 mintirho ya vulawuri yi averiwe tikomiti leti hambaneke leti vumbiwaka hi swirho swa Huvo leyi Fumaka, leswi hinkwaswo ka swona swi nga ni makume yo tala ya malembe swi ri vatirheli.

MIAKO YO KANDZIYISA YI KURISIWA

Matimu ya Timbhoni ta Yehovha eminkarhini ya namuntlha ma tele hi swiendlakalo leswi xiyekaka. Ku sukela eka ntlawa wun’we lowuntsongo wa dyondzo ya Bibele ePennsylvania le ndzhaku hi 1870, Timbhoni ti kule ti va mavandlha yo tlula 90 000 emisaveni hinkwayo hi lembe ra 2000. Tibuku hinkwato, eku sunguleni, a ti kandziyisiwa hi tifeme ta mabindzu; kutani ke, hi 1920, tibuku tin’wana a ti endliwa hi Timbhoni emiakweni ya tifektri leyi hirhiweke. Kambe ku sukela hi 1927 tibuku to tala ti sungule ku humesiwa eka muako wa fektri wa swithezi swa nhungu eBrooklyn, New York, lowu wu nga wa Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. Wona sweswi wu kurisiwe wu va miako yin’wana ya nkombo ya fektri ni muako wa hofisi. Ku na miako yin’wana ekusuhi ni miako ya hina le Brooklyn leyi rhurhelaka vatirheli lava tinyiketeleke ku tirhisa switirho swo kandziyisa. Ku engetela eka leswi, purasi leri hlanganeke ni vugandliselo ra karhi ra tirhisiwa ekusuhi na Wallkill, en’walungwini wa New York. Kwalaho ku kandziyisiwa timagazini ta Xihondzo xo Rindza na Xalamuka! naswona ku kumeka swakudya swin’wana swa vatirheli lava tirhaka etindhawini to hambana-hambana. Mutirhi un’wana ni un’wana wa ku tirhandzela u amukela mali yitsongo n’hweti na n’hweti yo hlangavetana ni leswi nga tshukaka swi lava mali.

MINTSOMBANO YA MATIKO HINKWAWO

Hi 1893 ntsombano lowukulu wo sungula wu khomeriwe eChicago, Illinois, eU.S.A. A wu ri na vanhu va 360, naswona ku khuvuriwe vanhu lavantshwa va 70. Ntsombano wun’we lowukulu wo hetelela wu khomeriwe eDorobeni ra New York hi 1958. Wu khomeriwe eYankee Stadium kun’we ni le Polo Grounds leyi a yi ri kona hi nkarhi wolowo. Nhlohlorhi ya lava veke kona a ku ri 253 922; vanhu lavantshwa lava khuvuriweke a va ri 7 136. Ku sukela hi nkarhi wolowo mintsombano ya matiko hinkwawo yi khomiwe hi ku tlhandlamana ematikweni yo tala. Sweswi, ku khomiwa mintsombano yo tano yo tala ematikweni ya misava hinkwayo.

[Marito lama tshahiweke exihlokweni lama nga eka tluka 8]

Xikombiso xa ku lwela ntshunxeko wa vaaka-tiko

[Xifaniso lexi nga eka tluka 6]

“Xihondzo xo Rindza,” ku suka eka 6 000 hi ririmi rin’we ku ya eka ntsengo lowu tlulaka 22 000 000 hi tindzimi to tlula 132

[Xifaniso lexi nga eka tluka 7]

Ku hundzuka loku xiyekaka ematin’wini ya vanhu

[Xifaniso lexi tataka tluka hinkwaro lexi nga eka tluka 10]