Nneɛma A Ɛbɛma Wɔanya Nkwa

SƐ WOTE amanneɛbɔ bi a ese owudifo bi nenam mo mpɔtam hɔ a, so wobɛyɛ biribi de abɔ wo ne w’abusua ho ban? Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ anka wobɛto wo pon mu abram akyi na wannya kwan amma mu. Afei nso wobɛma w’ani ada hɔ na sɛ wuhu ahɔho bi a wunnye wɔn nni a, wɔabɔ polisifo amanneɛ ntɛm.

Ɛnyɛ saa ara na ɛsɛ sɛ mmea yɛ wɔ ɔyare a edi awu kɛse a ɛne nufu mu kokoram no ho? Dɛn na wobetumi ayɛ de abɔ wɔn ho ban na ama wɔatumi anya nkwa?

Anosiw ne Aduandi

Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa 3 a wonya kokoram wɔ United States biara mu 1 na ɔnam aduan a odi so nya. Aduan a ɛbɛboa wo nipadua no ma atumi ako atia nyarewa a wubedi no daa ne nea ɛho hia sen biara. Bere a wonnim aduan biara a etumi sa kokoram no, wobetumi akwati denam nnuan bi a wodi ne afoforo a wogyae di so. Oduruyɛfo Leonard Cohen a ɔwɔ American Health Foundation a ɛwɔ Valhalla, New York, no kae sɛ: “Aduan a ɛsɛ a wubedi no betumi ama woakwati asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubetumi anya kokoram no mu fã.”

Nnuan a ntɛtɛ wom te sɛ paanoo a wɔde awi a wɔmpɔw ho yɛ betumi aboa ma nkwammoaa mu aduru a ɛma nufusu ba ne nea wɔfrɛ no estrogen no so atew, denam ntɛtɛ no a ebia ɛbɛka nkwammoaa mu aduru yi afomfam ho na ayi afi nipadua no mu so. Sɛnea nsɛmma nhoma Nutrition and Cancer kyerɛ no, “saa adeyɛ yi betumi asiw kokoram kwan na antrɛw.”

Srade a wonni no pii betumi abrɛ asiane no ase. Prevention nsɛmma nhoma no hyɛɛ nyansa sɛ nufusu a wɔayi ani srade a obi bɛnom, bɔta a onni no pii, nnam a srade nnim a ɔbɛwe, ne akokɔ were a ɔbɛwaawae no betumi ama srade a odi no abrɛ ase sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Mfunne a aduannuru a wɔfrɛ no vitamin A wom te sɛ karɔt, ntɔmmɔ, ne nhabamma a aguan te sɛ ɛfan ne collard ne sinapi ahaban betumi aboa. Wogye di sɛ vitamin A siw dɛmdi a kokoram de ba no ano. Na nnuru wɔ nnuadewa te sɛ nea wɔfrɛ no broccoli, Brussels, cauliflower, kabege, ne gyeene a n’ahaban momono tua so a ɛma nipadua mu nsu a ɛko tia nyarewa no tumi yɛ adwuma yiye.

Oduruyɛfo Paul Rodriguez ka wɔ nhoma Breast Cancer—What Every Woman Should Know mu sɛ, yɛnam aduan a yedi so betumi ahyɛ nipadua mu nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa na etumi hu nkwammoaa a edi dɛm sɛe no no den. Ɔhyɛ nnuan a iron wom pii te sɛ nam a srade nnim, nhabamono, adɔde, ne nnuaba ne nhabamma a vitamin C dɔɔso wom a obi bedi ho nkuran. Journal of the National Cancer Institute bɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnuaba ne nhabamma a vitamin C dɔɔso wom tumi ma nnipa pii kwati nufu mu kokoram. Biribi a wɔfrɛ no genistein wɔ adua ne nnuan a wɔde adua a ɛnkawee yɛ mu, na wɔde di dwuma wɔ adufrae sɔhwɛ ahorow mu de siw trɛw a kokoram bɛtrɛw ano, nanso wonnya nnii ho adanse sɛ etumi boa nipadua no.

Hu a Wohu no Ntɛm

Nhoma Radiologic Clinics of North America ka sɛ: “Nea ɛma wotumi siw kokoram ano titiriw ara ne sɛ wobehu no ntɛm.” Nneɛma abiɛsa a ɛho hia sɛ obi yɛ wɔ eyi ho ne ne nufu no a ɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛte daa, hwɛ a dɔkta bɛhwɛ no afe biara, ne foto a wobetwa nufu no de ayɛ emu nhwehwɛmu a wɔfrɛ no mammography no.

Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbea biara hwɛ sɛnea ne nufu te ɔsram biara, efisɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɔhwɛ no yiye hu sɛ ebia ne hwɛbea ne sɛnea osom a ɔte nka no asakra, sɛ́ ebia ayɛ den anaa abɔ tɔw. Sɛ nsakrae a ohu no sua sɛ dɛn ara mpo a, ɛho hia sɛ okohu ne dɔkta ntɛm. Sɛ wohu nea enti a abɔ tɔw no ntɛm a, ebetumi ama no akwati asiane daakye. Amanneɛbɔ bi a efi Sweden kyerɛe sɛ nnipa ɔha biara a wɔyɛɛ wɔn oprehyɛn yii wɔn nufu mu kokoram a ne kɛse bɛyɛ milimita 15 anaa nea esua sen saa a na ennya ntrɛw nkɔɔ nkwaa afoforo mu no, wɔn mu 94 betumi atra ase mfe 12 bio.

Oduruyɛfo Patricia Kelly ka sɛ: “Sɛ woannya nufu mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara mfe 12 1/2 akyi a, ɛnyɛ ade a ɛbɛsan aba bio. . . . Na wobetumi akyerɛ ɔkwan a mmea bɛfa so de wɔn nsa kɛkɛ ahu nufu mu kokoram a ne kɛse nnu sɛntimita biako.”

Wɔhyɛ mmea nkuran sɛ wɔmma dɔkta a ne ho akokwaw wɔ saa adwuma no mu anaa dɔkta foforo nyɛ wɔn mu nhwehwɛmu afe biara, titiriw sɛ ɔbea no adi boro mfe 40 a. Sɛ ɔbea hu sɛ dwoa bi abɛtɔ ne nufu mu a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ okohu dɔkta ma ɔno nso yɛ mu nhwehwɛmu.

National Cancer Institute a ɛwɔ United States no ka sɛ ɔkwampa a wobetumi afa so ako atia nufu mu kokoram ne sɛ wɔbɛtaa atwa no foto de ayɛ mu nhwehwɛmu. Saa foto yi a wobetwa no betumi ama wɔahu kokoram bɛyɛ mfe abien ansa na obi afi ase ahu ɛho sɛnkyerɛnne. Wɔkamfo saa kwan no ma mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 40. Nanso Oduruyɛfo Daniel Kopans ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ: “Ɛyɛ nea ɛtɔ sin.” Ɛnyɛ nufu mu kokoram nyinaa na wotumi hu wɔ saa kwan yi so.

Oduruyɛfo Wende Logan-Young a ɔwɔ New York State ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ nufu mu yare wɔ hɔ no ka kyerɛ Nyan! akyerɛwfo sɛ, sɛ ɔbea bi anaa nea ɔhwɛ no yare hu nsakrae bi wɔ ne nufu mu, na sɛ foto a wotwa no kyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ biribiara a, ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobebu ani agu nsakrae a aniwa hu no so na wɔagye nea foto no daa no adi no atom. Ose eyi yɛ “mfomso kɛse a ɛsen biara a yehu no nnansa yi.” Otu mmea fo sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn ho to nufu a wotwa no foto na ama wɔatumi ahu kokoram no so kosi ase, na mmom wɔmfa wɔn ho nto nufu no ankasa a wɔhwɛ sɛnea ɛte no so kɛse.

Bere a nufu no a wotwa no foto no betumi ama wɔahu kokoram no, entumi nkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛnyɛ hu anaasɛ ɛyɛ hu. Nea ɛbɛma wɔatumi ahu ara ne sɛ wɔbɛtwe nufu no mu nsu ayɛ mu nhwehwɛmu. Susuw Irene a ɔkotwaa ne nufu foto de yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu ho sɛ nhwɛso. Dɔkta no gyinaa foto no so kyerɛe sɛ ne nufu a abɔ tɔw no yɛ nufu mu yare a ɛnyɛ hu, na ɔkae sɛ: “Migye di yiye sɛ wunnyaa kokoram.” Ɛhaw ɔyarehwɛfo a otwaa no foto no, nanso Irene kae sɛ: “Ná mete nka sɛ, sɛ dɔkta no wɔ awerɛhyem saa a, ebia na me na misuro dodo.” Ankyɛ na tɔw no yɛɛ kɛse, enti Irene kohuu dɔkta foforo. Wɔtwee ne nufu mu nsu yɛɛ mu nhwehwɛmu na ɛdaa adi sɛ wanya kokoram a ɛretrɛw ntɛmntɛm. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔatumi ahu sɛ ebia kokoram bi nyɛ hu (bɛyɛ emu 10 biara mu 8 yɛ hu) anaa ɛyɛ hu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtwe emu nsu yɛ mu nhwehwɛmu. Sɛ nnuruyɛfo hu sɛ dwoa no yɛ soronko anaa ɛretrɛw a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtwe mu nsu de yɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Ɛho Ayaresa

Mprempren, akwan a nnipa dodow no ara nam so sa nufu mu kokoram ne oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ, foto a wotwa, ne nnuru ahorow bi a wɔde ma. Nsɛm a ɛfa sɛnea kokoram no te, ne kɛse, sɛnea etumi trɛw ntɛmntɛm, sɛ́ atrɛw adu wo mogya mu nkwammoaa a wɔko tia nyarewa anaa ɛnte saa, ne bere a wutwaa bra betumi aboa wo ne wo dɔkta no ma moahu ɔkwan a mobɛfa so asa yare no.

Oprehyɛn. Ɔkwan a wɔafa so adi yare yi ho dwuma mfe pii ne nufu no a wotwa. Nanso, nnansa yi mfe mu no, wɔafa akwan a ɛma wɔkora nufu no so, te sɛ kokoram no ne mogya mu mmoawa a wɔko tia nyarewa a wɔayɛ mmerɛw no nkutoo a woyi ne nufu a wotwa no foto so ayɛ saa, na wɔn a wofi mu ka no dodow te sɛ wɔn a wofi mu ka bere a wotwa nufu no. Eyi ama mmea binom anya akomatɔyam bere a wɔpɛ sɛ wokoyi kokoram ketewaa bi fi wɔn nipadua mu no, efisɛ ɛno nni wɔn dɛm kɛse. Nanso British Journal of Surgery ka sɛ mmeawa a kokoram aka wɔn nufu biako afã pii, anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram a ne kɛse boro sɛntimita 3, wɔ asiane kɛse a ɛbɛma wɔasan anya yare no bi bere a wɔantwa wɔn nufu no na wɔsa yare no wɔ ɔkwan foforo so no.

Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine ka ade biako a ɛboa kɛse ma obi ho tɔ no a yare no nsan mma bio ho asɛm sɛ: “Mogya a wɔde ma tumi ma nkurɔfo san nya ɔyare no bio na wɔhwere wɔn nkwa . . . bere a wɔatwa wɔn nipadua no fã a kokoram wɔ ma wɔn ho atɔ wɔn akyi no.” Amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛe sɛ mfe anum ntam no, ayarefo a wɔmaa wɔn mogya ɔha biara mu 53 na wonyaa nkwa, na wɔn a wɔamma wɔn mogya no ɔha biara mu 93 na wonyaa nkwa.

Ade foforo a ɛboa ma wonya nkwa ne nea Oduruyɛfo R. A. Badwe bɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ The Lancet mu yi sɛ: “Bere ankasa a wɔbɛyɛ ɔbea a ontwaa bra a wanya nufu mu kokoram oprehyɛn no tumi nya nea ebefi mu aba koraa akyiri yi no so tumi kɛse.” Amanneɛbɔ no kae sɛ mmea a wɔyɛɛ wɔn oprehyɛn bere a na estrogen pii aba wɔn nipadua mu no ho antɔ wɔn ntɛm sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛɛ wɔn oprehyɛn wɔ bere a na wɔn bra nnya nnui mu no—saafo no ɔha biara mu 54 na wɔtraa ase mfe du, na wɔn a wɔannyɛ wɔn oprehyɛn saa bere no nso ɔha biara mu 84 na wotumi traa ase bere tenten saa ara. Wɔkyerɛe sɛ bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ mmea a wontwaa bra a wanya nufu mu kokoram a eye sen biara ne anyɛ yiye koraa nna 12 wɔ ne bra a etwa to no akyi.

Mfiri a ɛwɔ kanea a ano yɛ den. Mfiri a ɛwɔ kanea a ano yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma no kum kokoram nkwammoaa ho. Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ a wɔkora nufu no so mu no, kokoram ɔyare mmoawa no betumi aka mu bere a oduruyɛfo no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛkora nufu no so no. Mfiri a ɛwɔ kanea a ano yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma no betumi akunkum nkwammoaa afoforo a aka no. Nanso asiane kakra wɔ kanea a ano yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma no mu efisɛ ebetumi ama kokoram aka nufu biako no nso. Oduruyɛfo Benedick Fraass hyɛ nkuran sɛ wɔmmma afiri a ɛwɔ kanea a ano yɛ den no mmɛn nufu biako no pii. Ɔka sɛ: “Wɔnam kwan ketewaa bi a wɔde bedi dwuma so betumi abɔ nufu biako no ho ban na afiri no kanea a ano yɛ den no anka no kɛse bere a wɔreyɛ nufu a kokoram aka no no ho adwuma no.” Ɔhyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔmfa sumpii kyɛm a ne pipiripi yɛ sɛntimita 2.5 nkata nufu biako no so.

Nnuru ahorow a wɔde ma. Ɛmfa ho mmɔden a wɔabɔ sɛ wɔnam oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ so betu nufu mu kokoram ase no, ada adi sɛ mmea foforo a wɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram no ɔha biara mu 25 kosi 30 na kokoram no atrɛw aka nkwaa afoforo, na wɔantumi anhu no mfiase no esiane sɛnea na esua no nti. Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no yɛ mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wɔde nnuru no bekunkum nkwammoaa a wɔn ho aka a ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no afã foforo no.

Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no ntumi nni dwuma nkosi ase, efisɛ kokoram a ɛyɛ hu no wɔ nkwammoaa ahorow ahorow a wɔn mu biara wɔ sɛnea etumi gyina nnuru ano. Nkwammoaa a nnuru no ntumi nkunkum wɔn no betumi ama kokoram foforo a aduru ntumi nsa afi ase. Nanso January 1992 The Lancet no dii adanse sɛ nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no ma mmea 10 biara mu 5 tumi tra ase mfe du bio, na ɛno begyina mfe dodow a onii no adi so.

Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no akyi haw bi ne sɛ ebetumi ama onii no bo afono no, wafe, ne nhwi atutu, mogya atu no, wanya komayare, ne nipadua ntumi nko ntia nyarewa, atwa no awo, anaa wanya yare a wɔfrɛ no leukemia. Bere a John Cairns kyerɛw baa Scientific American mu no ɔkae sɛ: “Eyinom betumi ayɛ te sɛ ɔhaw nketenkete bi ama ɔyarefo a wanya kokoram a ɛyɛ hu na ɛretrɛw ntɛmntɛm no, nanso mmea a wɔanya nufu mu kokoram ketewa bi [sɛntimita 1] a ɛda adi sɛ ɛntrɛwee pii no besusuw ho anibere so. Saafo no bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu du pɛ na sɛ wɔannya ayaresa foforo wɔ oprehyɛn a wɔyɛɛ wɔn no akyi mpo a kokoram no betumi akunkum wɔn wɔ mfe anum mu.”

Nkwammoaa mu nnuru. Nnuru a wɔnom de siw estrogen ano no boa ma entumi mma nkwammoaa no nnɔɔso ntɛmntɛm. Nea ɛma eyi tumi ba saa ne sɛ wɔnam mmadwoa kotoku a wotwa anaa nnuru te sɛ tamoxifen so brɛ estrogen no ase wɔ mmea a wontwaa bra mu. The Lancet bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ mmea 100 biara mu 8 kosi 12 a wɔfaa saa akwan yi mu biara so saa wɔn yare no traa ase mfe du bio.

Nnuru a mmea a wonya nufu mu kokoram bɛkɔ so ayɛ no yɛ wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa mu adeyɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkɔ so yɛ ahweɛyiye, efisɛ sɛ ayaresa bi di huammɔ ma yare no san ba a, ebia ayaresa afoforo betumi ayɛ yiye.

Ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so sa kokoram ne ɔyare bi a wɔfrɛ no cachexia a wɔko tia. Nsɛmma nhoma Cancer Research kyerɛ sɛ wɔn a kokoram kunkum wɔn no baasa biara mu baanu na efi cachexia, ɔyare bi a ɛma ntini ne nkwaadɔm afoforo wewe. Oduruyɛfo Joseph Gold a ɔwɔ Syracuse Cancer Research Institute a ɛwɔ United States no ka kyerɛ Nyan! akyerɛwfo sɛ: “Yɛte nka sɛ kokoram ankasa ntumi ntrɛw wɔ nipadua no mu gye sɛ ɔkwan a cachexia yare no nam so trɛw no wɔ hɔ.” Ayaresa mu nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔde aduru bi a awuduru nnim a wɔfrɛ no hydrazine sulfate yɛe daa no adi sɛ wobetumi asiw saa akwan yi. Mmea a nufu mu kokoram a emu yɛ den yɛɛ wɔn no mu fã na wɔn de antrɛw bio.

Mmea binom de wɔn ho ato nnuru afoforo a nnuruyɛfo ntaa mfa nni dwuma so sɛ ɛyɛ nufu mu kokoram aduru a ɛma wɔkwati oprehyɛn na ɛnhaw nipadua no. Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no gu ahorow, na ebinom de nnuan ne nhaban na edi ho dwuma, te sɛ Hoxsey aduruyɛ no. Nanso wonni nnuruyɛ yi ho kyerɛwtohɔ pii a ɛbɛma obi atumi ahu sɛnea akwan a ɛte saa yɛ nam fa.

Bere a Nyan! akyerɛwfo akyerɛw saa asɛm yi na ama wɔahu akwan a wobetumi afa so asa yare no, ɛnyɛ wɔn botae ne sɛ wɔbɛkamfo ayaresa bi akyerɛ. Yɛhyɛ obiara nkuran sɛ ɔmfa ahwɛyiye nsusuw akwan horow a wɔfa so sa saa yare yi ho.—Mmebusɛm 14:15.

Ahokyere ne Nufu mu Kokoram

Oduruyɛfo H. Baltrusch ka wɔ nsɛmma nhoma Acta neurologica mu sɛ ɔhyɛ a emu yɛ den anaa ɛtra hɔ kyɛ betumi abrɛ nipadua mu tumi a etumi ko tia kokoram no ase. Mmea a wɔbrɛ dodo, wɔwɔ adwenemhaw, anaa wonnya nkuranhyɛ a ɛsɛ ɔha biara mu 50 betumi de wɔn nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa no ato asiane mu.

Enti, Oduruyɛfo Basil Stoll sii so dua wɔ Mind and Cancer Prognosis mu sɛ: “Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔbɔ mmɔden biara a wobetumi de brɛ honam ne adwene mu yaw a wɔn a wɔyare kokoram nyinaa di bere a wɔresa wɔn yare no ne wɔn ayaresa akyi no ase.” Nanso mmoa bɛn na ɛho hia?

[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 6]

Bere a wontumi nkyerɛ sɛ aduan bi tumi sa kokoram no, wobetumi akwati denam nnuan bi a wodi ne afoforo a wogyae di so. Oduruyɛfo Leonard Cohen kae sɛ “aduan a ɛsɛ a wubedi no betumi ama woakwati asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubetumi anya kokoram no mu fã”

[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 8]

Nhoma a wɔfrɛ no “Radiologic Clinics of North America” ka sɛ: “Nea ɛma wotumi siw kokoram ano titiriw ara ne sɛ wobehu no ntɛm.” Nneɛma abiɛsa na ɛho hia sɛ obi yɛ wɔ eyi ho: ne nufu no a ɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛte daa, dɔkta a ɔbɛhwɛ no afe biara, ne foto a wobetwa nufu no de ayɛ emu nhwehwɛmu a wɔfrɛ no “mammography” no

[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 10]

Mmea a wɔbrɛ dodo, wɔwɔ adwenemhaw, anaa wonnya nkuranhyɛ a ɛsɛ betumi de wɔn nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa no ato asiane mu.

[Kratafa 9 adaka]

Nhwehwɛmu a Obi Ankasa Yɛ—Daa Ɔsram Adeyɛ

ƐSƐ sɛ ɔbea hwɛ sɛnea n’ankasa ne nufu te fi nnanan kosi nnanson wɔ ne bra akyi. Ɛho hia sɛ mmea a wɔatwa bra nso hwɛ wɔ ɔsram biara mu da pɔtee bi.

Sɛnkyerɛnne a Ɛsɛ sɛ Wohwehwɛ wɔ Ɔsram Biara mu Da Pɔtee Bi

• Dwoa biara a ɛbɛtɔ nufu no mu (ketewa anaa kɛse) anaa nufu no a ɛhon.

• Nufu a apompon, atotɔ mu, anaa were no kɔla asakra.

• Nufu ano a aka kɔ mu.

• Nufu a nsaa agu ano, ano were huanhuan anaa nsu fi mu ba.

• Dwoa a ɛbɛhyɛ mmɔtoam.

• Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ nufu no ho twã mu.

• Nufu biako a ɛsakra koraa fi biako no ho.

Nhwehwɛmu a Obi Ankasa Yɛ

Gyina ntenten na ma wo nsa benkum so. Fa wo nsatea nifa miamia nufu no fi nkyɛn kɔ mmeae afoforo nkakrankakra na fa kɔ ano. Ma ɛmmɛn wo mmɔtoam nso.

Da hɔ fa w’abatiri benkum to sumii so, na fa wo nsa benkum to w’atifi. Miamia wo nufu no sɛnea wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no. Yɛ wo nufu nifa no nso saa ara.

Mia nufu no ano kakraa bi hwɛ sɛ biribi befi mu aba a. Yɛ wo nufu nifa saa ara.