ʼE Fakatuʼutuʼu Fakatomuʼa Koa Totatou Maʼuli e Te ʼAtua?

“NEʼE feala pe ke mole hoko te ʼu faigataʼaʼia ʼi tatatou ʼu fakakaukau mo kapau neʼe mole pe fakaʼaogaʼi te kupu ʼaē ʼe tau mahino gataʼa ʼaē ko te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa.” ʼE lagi koutou feʼekeʼaki pe koteā te faka ʼuhiga ʼo te palalau ʼaenī, mo kapau neʼe kua koutou fakaʼaogaʼi te kupu “fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa” peʼe neʼe kua koutou logo ki tona fakaʼaogaʼi.

ʼE ʼui e te tohi (Théo, Nouvelle encyclopédie catholique), ʼe mole tonu ia ke fakaʼaogaʼi te kupu “fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa.” ʼE tala fēnei e te tahi tohi: “ ʼI te temi nei, ko te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa ʼe mole kei palalauʼi ia ʼi te ʼu talaga, pea ʼe hage ia ʼe toe feiā mo te kau Polotesita tokolahi.”

Kae, ko te fehuʼi ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa neʼe ina fakatupu he loto hoha ʼi te hahaʼi tokolahi lolotoga te hisitolia. Neʼe ko te tupuʼaga tāfito ʼaia ʼo te fihi ʼaē neʼe ina ʼaumai te Fetogi Faka Polotesita, ʼo māʼiape la mo te loto ’Ēkelesia Katolika, neʼe ko te tupuʼaga ʼaia ʼo te ʼu fakafeagai kovi lolotoga te ʼu sēkulō. Logope ʼe mole kei lahi tona palalauʼi ʼi te temi nei, ʼe kei tuʼu aipe ia ʼi tona ʼuhiga faigataʼaʼia. Ko ai ʼaē ʼe mole ina fia ʼiloʼi peʼe neʼe fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa koa tona maʼuli?

Te Fakatuʼutuʼu Fakatomuʼa—Te Faka ʼUhiga ʼo Te Kupu ʼAia

ʼE faka ʼuhiga feafeaʼi te kupu “fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa” ʼi te ʼu ʼēkelesia? ʼE faka ʼuhiga fēnei te kupu ʼaia e te tikisionalio (Dictionnaire de théologie catholique) “ko te fakatuʼutuʼu fakaʼatua moʼo taki ki te maʼuli heʼegata, te ʼu faʼahiga hahaʼi neʼe kua hinoʼi fakatomuʼa.” ʼE tau ʼui ko nātou ʼaē neʼe fili, “te ʼu faʼahiga hahaʼi ʼaē kua hinoʼi fakatomuʼa,” ko nātou ʼaē neʼe talanoa kiai te ʼapositolo ko Paulo ʼi tana tohi ki te kau Loma, ʼaki te ʼu palalau ʼaenī: “Ko te ʼu meʼa fuli ʼe gāue tahi ke manuʼia ia nātou ʼaē ʼe ʼoʼofa ki te ʼAtua, ʼo nātou ʼaē neʼe pāui ʼo mulimuli ki tana fakatuʼutuʼu; koteʼuhi ko nātou ʼaē kua ina ʼiloʼi fakatomuʼa, neʼe ina toe fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa foki ia nātou ʼaia ke nātou tatau mo te paki ʼo tona ʼAlo . . . Pea ko nātou ʼaē neʼe ina fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa, neʼe ina toe pāui mo nātou; pea ko nātou ʼaē neʼe ina pāui, neʼe toe fakamoʼoni kia nātou; pea ko nātou ʼaē neʼe ina fakamoʼoni ki ai, neʼe ina toe faka kolōliaʼi mo nātou ʼaia.”—Loma 8:28-30, Jérusalem.

ʼI muʼa ʼo tanatou tupu, ko ʼihi ʼe lau kua fili nātou e te ʼAtua ʼaki te fakatuʼutuʼu ʼaē ke nātou kau ki te kolōlia ʼa Kilisito ʼi selo. Ko te faʼahi ʼaia ʼe ina ʼaumai ai te fehuʼi kua fualoa tona talagaʼi: ʼE fili pe koa e te ʼAtua ʼo mulimuli ki tona finegalo ia nātou ʼaē ʼe ina fia hāofaki, peʼe ʼe ʼi ai koa he loto faʼitaliha ʼa te tagata, pea mo hona mafuliʼaga ki te maʼu pea mo te taupau ʼo te ʼofa ʼa te ʼAtua?

Ko Augustin, ʼAē Neʼe Haʼu Mai Ai Te Fakatuʼutuʼu Fakatomuʼa

Logope ko ʼihi Patele ʼo te ’Ēkelesia neʼe kua nātou tohi ʼi muʼa atu ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa, ko Augustin (mai te taʼu 354 ki te taʼu 430 ʼo totatou temi) ʼaē ʼe ʼui māhani ko ia ʼaē neʼe ina fakatuʼu te ʼu fakatafito ʼo te akonaki ki te ʼu ʼēkelesia Katolika pea mo Polotesita. ʼI te lau ʼa Augustin, neʼe kua fakatuʼutuʼu ʼi muʼa mamaʼo atu ʼe maʼu anai e te kau agatonu te ʼu tapuakina heʼegata. ʼI te tahi faʼahi, logope neʼe mole fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa e te ʼAtua, ʼe maʼu anai e te kau heʼe agatonu te fakatūʼa pea mo te tautea ʼaē ʼe tau mo tanatou ʼu agahala. ʼI te fakamahino ʼa Augustin, ʼe mole kei lahi te manatu ʼaē ʼo ʼuhiga mo te loto faʼitaliha, ʼo fakatupu ʼaki ai te ʼu fihifihia lahi.

Ko Nātou ʼAē Neʼe Nātou Taupau Te Manatu ʼa Augustin

Ko te talaga ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa pea mo te loto faʼitaliha neʼe hoko tuʼumaʼu lolotoga te Moyen-Âge, pea neʼe iku te talaga ʼaia ki te maʼua ʼaē ke fai he meʼa lolotoga te Fetogi faka Polotesita. Neʼe tui ia Luther ko te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa ʼo te hahaʼi ko he meʼa neʼe fili faʼifaʼitaliha e te ʼAtua, ʼo mole ina fakaʼaogaʼi tana sio mamaʼo ki he ʼu gāue lelei anai ʼa nātou ʼaē neʼe fili. Neʼe fai ai e Calvin te tonu ʼaē e koga lua: Ko ʼihi neʼe fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa ke nātou maʼu te hāofaki heʼegata, pea ko ʼihi ki te tautea heʼegata. Kae, neʼe toe fakatokagaʼi foki e Calvin ko te meʼa ʼaē ʼe fili e te ʼAtua ʼe fai pe mo fakalogo, tatau aipe peʼe mahino gataʼa.

Ko te fehuʼi ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa pea mo te fehuʼi ʼo te “kalasia” ʼaē ʼe pipiki fakatahi kiai—ko he kupuʼi palalau neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi e te ʼu ʼēkelesia moʼo hinoʼi te meʼa ʼaē ʼe fai e te ʼAtua moʼo hāofaki pea mo tala te faitotonu ʼa te tagata—neʼe lahi ʼaupito tana mafola, koia ʼi te taʼu 1611, neʼe tapuʼi e te Tuʼi Tapu te tā ʼo he fakamatala ʼo ʼuhiga mo te faʼahi ʼo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa kae mole heʼeki ʼio kiai. ʼI te ’Ēkelesia Katolika, neʼe lagolago mālohi te kau Jansénistes ʼo Falani ki te ʼu akonaki ʼa Augustin ʼi te 17 sēkulō pea mo te 18 sēkulō. Neʼe nātou fakaneke he faʼahiga tauhi faka Kilisitiano fefeka ʼaupito pea mo fakapalatahi pea neʼe ina filifili tana ʼu tisipulo ia nātou ʼaē ʼe maʼu tuʼulaga. Kae, ko te fihifihia ʼo ʼuhiga mo te faʼahi ʼaia neʼe mole mālū ifo ia. Neʼe fakatotonu e te Hau ko Louis 14 ke holoʼi te monasetelio ʼo Port-Royal, te haʼuʼaga ʼo te manatu ʼa te kau Jansénistes.

ʼI te ʼu loto ʼēkelesia Polotesita ʼaē kua fetogi, ko te palalau ki te faʼahi ʼaia neʼe mole heʼeki ʼamanaki ia ke ʼosi. Ko te tahi ʼu kūtuga faka lotu, kae tāfito te kau Remontrants, ʼaē neʼe nātou muliʼi ia Jacobus Arminius, neʼe nātou tui ko te tagata ʼe ʼi ai tona tuʼulaga ʼi te hāofaki ʼo tona maʼuli. Neʼe fakatuʼu faka temi e te Fono faka Polotesita ʼo Dordrecht (1618-1619) te talaga ʼi tana tāʼofi te faʼahiga pipiki mālohi ki te manatu ʼa Jean Calvin. ʼE ʼui e te tohi (LʼAventure de la Réforme—Le monde de Jean Calvin), ʼi Siamani ko te fihi ʼaia ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa pea mo te loto faʼitaliha neʼe iku ai ki te ʼu temi loaloaga ʼo te “ ʼu faiga noa ki he toe fakatokatoka, ʼo feiā mo te ʼu gaohi koviʼi, mo te pilisoniʼi pea mo te kapu ʼo te kau teolosia.”

Ko Te Fakatuʼutuʼu Fakatomuʼa Peʼe Ko Te Loto Faʼitaliha?

Talu mai te kamataʼaga, ko te ʼu manatu ʼaia e lua ʼaē ʼe kehekehe ʼaupito, ʼaē ko te fakatuʼutuʼu fakatomuʼa pea mo te loto faʼitaliha, neʼe nā fakatupu te ʼu tuʼuga fihi fakamataku. Ki te faʼahi ʼo Augustin, neʼe mole feala hana fakamahino te mole ʼalu tatau ʼo te ʼu manatu ʼaia e lua. Neʼe toe fakatokagaʼi foki e Calvin te potu ʼaia ohage ko he fakahā ʼo te finegalo ʼo te ʼAtua pea ʼe faigataʼa tona fakamahino.

Kae ʼe tokoni koa te fakahā e te Tohi-Tapu te ʼu kalitate pea mo te ʼulugaaga ʼa te ʼAtua ke tou mahino lelei ki te ʼu fehuʼi ʼaia? ʼE sivisivi lelei anai e te alatike ʼaē ka hoa mai te ʼu puani ʼaia.

[Paki ʼo te pasina 4]

Calvin

Luther

Jansen

[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]

Pictures: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris