Tchalitchi cha Chikatolika mu Spanya—Kodi Nchifukwa Ninji Vutolo?

“Iwo akubzala mphepo, adzatuta kavumvulu.”—Hoseya 8:7, “The Jerusalem Bible.”

PA MAY 20, 1939, m’tchalitchi cha Santa Bárbara, Madrid, Kazembe Franco anapereka lupanga lake lachilakiko kwa Arkibishopo Gomá, bishopu wamkulu wa Spanya. Asilikali ankhondo ndi tchalitchi anachitira pamodzi phwando lachilakiko chimene papa anachitcha “chilakiko cha Chikatolika chokhumbidwacho.” Nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni inali inatha, ndipo mwachiwonekere nyengo yatsopano ya Chikatolika cha ku Spanya inkayambika.

Kulakika kwa tchalitchiko kunalandira zithandizo Zaboma zochuluka, kulamulira maphunziro, ndi mphamvu zosanthula ndi kuchotsa chirichonse chosakomera Chikatolika cha m’dzikolo. Koma nkhondo zamtanda zochitidwa ndi magulu ankhondo ndi chipembedzo zinabzalanso mbewu zogwetsa tchalitchi.

M’kulingalira kwa Aspanya ambiri, tchalitchi chinaloŵetsedwa m’kuchita nkhalwe zochitidwa ndi magulu olakikawo. Zowona, mkati mwa zaka zoyambirira za pambuyo pa nkhondo, anthu ochulukira anapita ku Misa. Kuti munthu apeze ntchito kapena kukwezedwa pantchito, kunali kwanzeru kukhala Mkatolika wabwino. Koma kodi chikhulupiriro chenicheni chinapititsidwa patsogolo ndi mphamvu zankhondo ndi chitsenderezo cha ndale zadziko?

Zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake, mtandadza wa mavuto unali kudzayankha funso limenelo.

Vuto la Chikhulupiriro: Podzafika 1988 anthu 3 okha mwa 10 m’Spanya ndiwo amene anali achipembedzo Chachikatolika okhazikika, ndipo anthu ambiri anaganizira za “kukhala achangu chochepa m’chipembedzocho kuposa mmene analiri zaka khumi zapitazo.” Kufufuza, kochitidwira magazine a Chifrench, otchedwa El Globo, kunasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti anthu ochuluka a ku Spanya amakhulupirira Mulungu, osakwanira theka la iwo ngokhutiritsidwa kuti pamakhala moyo pambuyo pa imfa. Chodabwitsa kuposa zonse chinali kudziŵa kuti anthu ambiri okwanira 10 peresenti amene anadzilingalira kukhala Akatolika ananena kuti sanakhulupirire Mulungu kukhala munthu.

Vuto la Ntchito Zodzisankhira: Spanya inkatumiza ansembe kungondya zinayi zadziko. Zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, 9,000 ankaikidwa chaka chirichonse. Tsopano, chiŵerengero chimenecho chatsika kukhala chikwi chimodzi, ndipo maseminale ambiri aakulu ali opanda kanthu. Monga chotulukapo, msinkhu wa ansembe Achispanya ukuwonjezereka—16 peresenti tsopano ali ausinkhu woposa zaka 70, pamene 3 peresenti okha ndiwo ali pansi pa zaka 30.

Vuto la Ndalama: Konsichushoni yatsopano ya Spanya imalekanitsa Tchalitchi ndi Boma. Poyamba, zithandizo zambiri za Boma zinkaperekedwa ku Tchalitchi cha Katolika popanda kufunsidwa. Boma limene liripo tsopano layamba njira yatsopano mu imene peresenti yaing’ono ya msonkho wa munthu aliyense ndiyo imene imaperekedwa kaya ku tchalitchi kapena ku magulu ena ochirikiza anthu osoŵa, modalira pa zokhumba za wokhoma msonkhoyo. Modabwitsa, 1 yekha mwa osonkha misonkha 3 aliwonse Achispanya ndiwo amene anafuna kuti tchalitchi chilandire ndalama zawo. Chimenechi chinali nkhonya kwa akuluakulu a Katolika, amene adayerekezera kuti pafupifupi theka la chiŵerengerocho likapereka “msonkho wachipembedzo” umenewu kutchalitchi. Izi zitanthauza kuti tchalitchi chodzichirikiza chinali nzambiri za kuzichita.

Pakali pano, kukuwoneka ngati kuti boma monyinyirika lidzafunikira kupereka chithandizo ku tchalichi m’chiŵerengero cha $120 miliyoni pachaka. Si Akatolika onse amene ali okondwera ndi m’khalidwewu. Katswiri wina wa maphunziro a zaumulungu Wachispanya, Casiano Floristán, ananena kuti “tchalitchi chimene sichimalandira zopereka zokwanira kuchokera kwa okhulupirika chingakhale chiribe okhulupirika kapena sitchalitchi.”

Vuto la Kumvera: Vutoli likuyambukira ponse paŵiri ansembe ndi anthu wamba. Ansembe achicheperepo ndi akatswiri a maphunziro a zaumulungu kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala odera nkhawa ndi nkhani zamakhalidwe a anthu mmalo mwa nkhani zachipembedzo. Zikhoterero zawo “zopita patsogolo” zimawombana ndi akuluakulu achipembedzo osakonda kusintha Achispanya ndiponso ndi Vatican. Chitsanzo chimene tingatchule ndi cha José Sánchez Luque, wansembe wa ku Málaga, amene amalingalira kuti “Thalitchi sindicho chokha magwero a chowonadi” ndikuti chiyenera “kutsogolera nzika, koma popanda kuwalamulira.”

Akatolika ambiri Achispanya amaganiza mofananamo—mmodzi yekha mwa Akatolika Achispanya atatu ndiwo amene kaŵirikaŵiri amavomereza zimene papa amanena. Ndipo akuluakulu a chipembedzo ku Spanya amakondedwa mwachiyanjo chocheperapodi. Pa Akatolika ofunsidwa m’kufufuza kwaposachedwapa, mmodzi mwa anai analongosola kuti iwo “sanalabadile” konse abishopu, pamene kuli kwakuti 18 peresenti ananena kuti ndiiko komwe iwo sanawamvetsetse.

“Kulalikidwa Kwachiŵiri”

Atayang’anizana ndi mkhalidwe wowopsa umenewu, abishopu a ku Spanya anafalitsa mpambo wapadera wa kuvomereza zolakwa mu 1895. Pakati pa zinthu zina, iwo anavomereza kuti:

Abishopu anavomerezanso kuti dzikolo linali kukhala lachikunja mowonjezerekawonjezereka, kapena lamphwayi mwachipembedzo. Iwo anavomereza “kulalikidwa kwachiŵiri” mu Spanya. Komabe, oŵerengeka, analabadira mfuu yawoyo. Adona aŵiri Achikatolika amene anapita kunyumba ndi nyumba anakumana ndi chodabwitsa. Iwo anathera nthaŵi yochuluka kulongosolera eninyumba kuti iwo sanali Mboni za Yehova kuposa nthaŵi imene anathera popereka uthenga wawo wa Chikatolika.

Izi sizinayenere kuwadabwitsa, popeza kuti Mboni za Yehova zinathera maola 18 miliyoni chaka chatha zikumachezera nyumba za anthu m’Spanya kulengeza kowona mtima uthenga wabwino mu mtundu wonsewo. Mboni zonse—mofanana ndi Akristu a mzaka za zana loyamba— zimadziwona kukhala athayo la “kuchita ntchito ya mlaliki.” (2 Timoteo 4:5, Revised Standard Version, (Kope Lachikatolika) Ndipo ngakhale kuti zingakumane ndi mphwayi yofalikira kulinga ku tchalitchi, uthenga wabwino, kapena mbiri yabwino yonena za Ufumu wa Mulungu, umene izo zimapereka ukulabadiridwa ndi ambiri.

Mwamuna wina wokalamba amene izo zinakuma naye anali Benito. Pamene nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni inawulika, anadzipeza iyemwini ali m’dera lolamulidwa ndi asilikali achifwamba. Iye anakakamizidwa kuti adzilembetse kukhala msilikali, koma pansi pamtima anakuwona kukhala kulakwa kunyamula zida. Iye anakana kuvomereza kuti imeneyo inali “nkhondo yopatulika.” Mmalo mwa kupha anthu anzake, iye anangodziwombera mfuti mwadala pa mkono kuchitira kuti akhale wosakhoza kukhwethemula uta wa mfuti.

Zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake, iye ndi mkazi wake anayamba kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova. Benito anasangalatsidwa ndi kuphunzira kuti Mulungu iyemwini amachirikiza anthu ake “kusula malupanga awo kukhala zolimira,” monga mmenedi chikumbumtima chake chidamfulumizira kutero zaka zambiri kalero. (Yesaya 2:4) Mosasamala kanthu za utenda, mosataya nthaŵi nayenso ankachita ntchito ya mlangizi.

“Thovu Lokongola”

Gloria anali m’Katolika amene analeka yekha kulambira Mulungu m’njira yakeyake. Kwa zaka zambiri iye anadzipereka ku tchalitchi monga virigo wachimishonale mu Venezuela. Koma iye anagwiritsidwa mwala pamene analephera kupeza mayankho ku mafunso ake onena za ziphunzitso za tchalitchi, zonga ngati Kukhala ndi Pakati Kopatulika kwa Maria, purigatoriyo, ndi Utatu.

Pamene anafunafuna malongosoledwe, nthaŵi zonse iye anawuzidwa kuti chinali chinsinsi. ‘Kodi nchfukwa ninji Mulungu amapanga zinthu kukhala zovuta kumveka chotero?’ anadzifunsa. Panthaŵi ina, iye anachenjezedwa kuti ngati akanakhala ndi moyo m’nthaŵi ya Zilango Zankhanza, akadawotchedwa. ‘Ndipo mwinamwake zimenezo nzowona,’ anaganiza tero.

Chifukwa cha zikanizo zoterozo, iye anali wokaikira pamene Mboni za Yehova zinamchezera. Koma pamene anazindikira kuti chirichonse chimene zinali kuphunzitsa chinatsimikiziridwa ndi Malemba, kuti iye potsiriza anakhoza kumvetsetsa uthenga wa Mulungu kwa mtundu wa anthu, anasangalala kwenikweni. Iye tsopano amathera yochuluka ya nthaŵi yake ku kulalikidwa kwa mbiri yabwino ya Ufumu wa Mulungu.

“Tsopano, pamene nditaganiza za mapwando onse achipembedzo a Tchalitchi cha Katolika,” akutero Gloria, “ndimawayerekeza iwo ndi thovu lokongola, lonyezimira lamawonekedwe a mitundu yambiri, koma lopandamo kanthu—ngati muyesa kusuzumira mowonjezereka, limangozimiririka.”

Benito, Gloria, ndi zikwi zambiri za Mboni za Yehova zofanana nawo mu Spanya, zapeza chitsitsimulo chenicheni chauzimu mwa kutembenukira ku madzi osaipitsidwa a chowonadi opezeka m’Malemba Oyera. Kutsitsimulidwa kotero kunali kusoŵeka m’gulu lolemekezeka la ku Iberia, tchalitchi cha Chispanya—chokhupukadi m’miyambo koma chaumphaŵidi m’zakudya zauzimu, champhamvu kwambiri m’zaka mazana ambiri koma tsopano chosakhoza kuthetsa udani wa nkhosa zake zomachepachepazo.

Kalero Yesu Kristu, polankhula za kufunika kwa kuzindikira ndi kupeŵa zolakwa zachipembedzo anati: “Chenjerani ndi anenenri onyenga amene amadza kwa inu ozimbaitsidwa monga nkhosa koma mkati mwawo ali afisi olusa. Mudzakhoza kuwazindikira ndi zipatso zawo. . . . ndibwerezanso, mudzawazindikira ndi zipatso zawo.”—Mateyu 7:15-20, JB.

Tikusiira muŵerengi kuti agamule yekha zipatso za Chikatolika cha Kuspanya.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 12]

Abishop Achikatolika anaitanira kulalikidwa kwachiŵiri kwa Spanya. Oŵerengeka okha analabadira mfuu yawo

[Chithunzi patsamba 9]

Aspanya okha 3 mwa 10 ndiwo amene amapezeka m’tchalitchi mokhazikika

[Chithunzi patsamba 10]

Tchalitchi cha Sagrada Familia mu Barcelona chidakali chosamalizidwa pambuyo pa zaka zana limodzi za kumangidwa ndi kupemphapempha zopereka

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Chithunzithunzi: Godo-Foto