Zipatala—Mutakhala Wodwala

“Pamene ndinaloŵa m’chipatala kwanthaŵi yoyamba, mwadzidzidzi ndinalingalira ngati kuti ndinalibe ulamuliro uliwonse pa moyo wanga, ngati kuti ndinali mmodzi wa odwalawo.”—Marie G.

“Ndimakumbukira kupitako kwanga koyamba monga wodwala. Ndinalingalira kukhala wosalimba kwenikweni ndi wosatetezereka.”—Paula L.

KODI munakhalapo wodwala m’chipatala ndikudzimva mofanana ndi zomwe ziri pamwambapo? Kaya munatero kapena ayi, muyenera kuvomereza kuti anthu ambiri samalingalirapo kwenikweni kukhala wodwala. Komabe, chiyembekezocho chingachitikedi kwa inu tsiku lina. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1987, malipoti anasonyeza kuti pa anthu 7 aliwonse mu United States pamapezeka wodwalira m’chipatala mmodzi. Ziŵerengerozi zimasiyanasiyana padziko lonse. Komabe, monga munthu wochenjera, kodi ndikukonzekera kotani kumene muyenera kukupanga kaamba ka zochitikazi?

“Njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yotetezera umoyo wanu njakutsimikizira kuti kudwalira m’chipatala nkofunika,” wathirira ndemanga tero Dr. Sidney Wolfe, mtsogoleri wa Public Citizen Health Research Group. Mosasamala kanthu za kumene mumakhala, mutadwala, mumakhala ndi kuyenerera ndi thayo lodziŵitsidwa mfundo zenizeni za vuto la matenda anu. Kaŵirikaŵiri dokotala wanu angakhale wokhoza kukupatsani mayankho okhutiritsa.

Koma ngati pali chikaikiro chirichonse, ndibwino kufunsa lingaliro lachiŵiri lapambali. M’maiko ena, makampani a inshuwalansi amafunadi lingaliro lachiŵiri asanalipirire kutumbula kwakukulu kwakutikwakuti. Ndipo kufunafuna lingaliro lachitatu lothetsera kukangana pamakhwala opatsidwa ndi kuchiritsa sikwachilendo. Mfundo yaikulu njakuti: Kaya pakhale lingaliro limodzi kapena aŵiri kapena oposapo, wodwala wanzeru amadzipatsa nthaŵi ya kudzisankhira yekha kufunikira kwake ndi nzeru yoperekera thandizo lamankhwala lolingaliridwalo.

Kugonekedwa m’Chipatala Kwamwadzidzidzi

Ndithudi, m’zochitika zamwadzidzidzi, sipangakhale nthaŵi yofufuzira mankhwala osiyanasiyana oyamikiridwa. Mwinamwake pamene wodwalayo wabweretsedwa ku chipatala ali wokomoka, wosakhoza kulankhula kapena kulemba. Nthaŵi zina adokotala amafunikira kuchitapo kanthu panthaŵi yomweyo, ngakhale achibale asanaitanidwe kudzafotokoza zosankha kapena zokhumba za wodwalayo. Mikhalidwe yoteroyo imagogomezera chifukwa chimene kulingaliriratu ndikukonzekera pasadakhale kuliri kofunika koposa.a

Kwa wodwala yemwe ali mmodzi wa Mboni za Yehova, ichi chikuphatikizapo kunyamula nthaŵi zonse Medical Directive/Release Document yatsopano ndi yodzazidwa bwino. Pakhadili wodwala amafotokozeratu pasadakhale zokhumba zake ponena za chisamaliro cha mankhwala ndipo amalembapo chidziŵitso chofunika kwambiri kotero kuti ogwira ntchito m’chipatala angakambitsirane ndi achibale kapena ena amene amadziŵa zokhumba zake. Pamene kuli kwakuti silingakhale ndi zochitika zonse zothekera, khadi lofunikali limatumikira monga chikalata chalamulo chimene chimakulankhulirani mutakhala wosakhoza kutero.

M’zakugwa mwadzidzidzi, kumakhalanso kothandiza ngati bwenzi lanu lapamtima kapena wachibale wodziŵa mankhwala omwe mumawakonda ndi zikhulupiriro zanu angabwere kuchipatala kudzakuchilikizani. Kaya uku kungakhale kothekera mwamsanga kapena ayi, khadi la Medical Directive/Release Document lolembedwa chatsopano tsiku lina lingadzakhale mfungulo yotetezera zoyenerera zanu.

Ngakhale ngati munthuyo ali minisitala wosabatizidwa wa Mboni za Yehova ndipo alibe chikalatachi, iye angaikonze ndemanga yolembedwa yofanana (makamaka yolembedwa ndi taipi). Iyenera kufotokoza zokhumba zake ponena za kupatsidwa mankhwala, kutchula zimene sakufuna, ndikusonyeza amene afunikira kuitanidwa patakhala zakugwa mwadzidzidzi.

Kudzaza Mafomu ndi Ndemanga

Zoyenerera wodwala zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri padziko lonse. (Onani bokosi, patsamba 7.) M’maiko ena zoyenerera zimenezi zawonjezereka kwambiri posachedwapa; dokotala samaloledwa kupatsa mankhwala aliwonse popanda chivomerezo cha wodwala, kaŵirikaŵiri chosonyezedwa m’kulemba. Ichi ndicho chifukwa chimodzi chimene zipatala zingakhalire ndi mafomu awo amene amafuna kuti muwasaine. Ngati izi ndizo zimachitika kudera limene mumakhala, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuthandiza.

Muyenera kuwaŵerenga mosamalitsa mafomu onsewo musanawasaine chifukwa chakuti kusaina kwanu kumatanthauza kuti mwavomera, mwagwirizana, ndi chirichonse chimene fomuyo ikunena. Musalole munthu aliyense kukufulumizitsani kusaina fomu yokadwalira m’chipatala, kapena fomu yovomereza mankhwala opatsidwa, musanaiŵerenge mosamalitsa. Ngati simukuvomerezana ndi mbali ina pafomu yolembedweratuyo, fafanizani mwakulemba mzere pambaliyo. Ngakhale ngati winawake atsutsa kuti ndifomu ya chipatala ndikuti siingasinthidwe, ngakhale kuli tero iyo ndichimvano chalamulo, ndipo simungafunsidwe kusaina chinthu chomwe simukuchivomereza. Chinkana kuti simudzafunikira kuwonekera kukhala wosalingalira, nkofunika kuti musagonje pankhaniyi—muli nako kuyenerera kwa kukana kapena kuvomereza mbali iriyonse ya fomu.

Makamaka pachimvano cha kutumbula kapena kugwiritsira ntchito mwazi kulikonse, pendani ndime iriyonse mosamalitsa. Mboni za Yehova zina zazizwitsidwa ndi zomwe azipeza pafomu ya chipatala yomwe inakonzedwera iwo mwachindunji. Ngakhale kuti kuchiyambi kwake idati zokhumba za wodwala ponena za mwazi zikalemekezedwa, ndime yapambuyo pake inanena chinachake chonga ichi, ‘Patachitika zakugwa mwadzidzidzi kapena ngati dokotala wakulingalira kukhala kofunika, iye amakhala ndi kuyenera konse kwa kuthira mwazi.’ Kuwonjezerapo, popeza kuti Mawu a Mulungu amalamulira Akristu kusala mwazi, nkachitidwe kabwino kulembapo kuti “Sindikufuna Kuthiridwa Mwazi” pamapepala onse obweretsedwa kwa inu. (Machitidwe 15:28, 29) Ichi chidzamveketsa kaimidwe kanu kwa ogwira ntchito onse. Nsonga njakuti, odwala ambirimbiri akuwukana mwazi chifukwa chofuna kupeŵa ngozi ya kuyambukiridwa ndi matenda a kutupa kwa chiwindi, AIDS, kapena matenda ena akupha.b

Odwala m’maiko ena ali ndi zoyenerera zochepa kuposa zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapo. Kuli madera ena kumene dokotala ndiye lamulo, ndipo odwala amangodalira pa chifundo chake. Dokotala wina m’dziko la kumadzulo yemwe anakacheza m’dziko la mu Afirika ndipo anati: “Sindinakonzekere nkomwe, ndinjira imene adokotala ndi odwala anachitira . . . Odwalawo sanalankhule kufikira atafunsidwa. Iwo sanawafunse adokotala awo.” Ngakhale kuti chizoloŵezichi chingakupangitse kukhala kovuta kwambiri kwa wodwala, Mkristu wanzeru angathebe—mwaulemu koma molimba—kuumirira kuti zoyenerera zake zazikulu ku ubwino wa thupi lake ndi kukhalamo ndi phande m’kukambitsirana zinthu zoyambukira umoyo wake zilemekezedwe.

Kulankhula ndi Ogwira Ntchito m’Chipatala

Dokotala wanu ayenera kukhala mchilikizi ndi magwero anu aakulu a chidziŵitso; chotero, zambiri zidzadalira pa kusamalitsa kumene mudzasankha nako sing’anga wanu. Wolemba wina anati: “Zindikirani kuti adokotala ngofanana ndi aliyense. Iwo amasonyeza mtundu uliwonse wa zabwino ndi zoipa [zomwe] ziri ndi tonsefe. Asing’anga ambiri amayesa kuŵachitira zabwino kwambiri odwala awo, koma ena amachita thuku [kukhoterera] kulingalira kuti ngofunikira kukupangirani zosankha. Ngati zikhulupiriro kapena umunthu wa dokotala uwombana ndi wanu, funafunani dokotala wina.”

Yesani kuchititsa mafunso anu kuyankhidwa mokwanira ndi mokukhutiritsani musanavomereze mankhwala aliwonse. (Onani bokosi, patsamba 8.) Ngati simukumvetsetsa chinthu china, musachite manyazi kuchinena. Pemphani kuti kulongosolako kukhale komvekera, kosakhala m’mawu ovuta kuwamva azamchipatala. Kukakhalanso kwanzeru ngati pamfundo yakutiyakuti m’kukambitsirana kwanu ndi dokotala, mumuyamikira mochokera mumtima kaamba ka kumvetsetsa kwake kaimidwe kanu komwe kazikidwa pa zikhulupiriro za chipembedzo chanu.

Yesani kukhazikitsa unansi waubwenzi ndi ogwira ntchito m’chipatala okusamalirani, onga ngati anamwino, popeza kuti adzakhala thandizo lalikulu m’kukusamalirani ndi kuchira. Atabweretsa mankhwala kapena majekeseni, tsimikizirani kuti awa ndi anudi. Iyi ndi sitepe yanzeru yopindulitsa, popeza kuti mosasamala kanthu ndi zolinga zabwino, zophophonya zimapangidwa.

Mwinamwake ogwira ntchito m’chipatala adzawoneka kukhala otanganitsidwa, koma kumbukirani kuti ambiri a awa anasankha ntchito ya mtundu uwu chifukwa chakuti amasamalira anthu ndipo amafunadi kuthandiza. Mungagwirizane nawo ngati muyesera kufotokoza zosoŵa zanu ndi zodetsa nkhaŵa momvekera. Palibe namwino (kapena aliyense wa ogwira ntchitowo) yemwe ali ndi kuyenera kwa kukunyozani, konga kwakuti: “Udzafa ukapanda kuvomera mankhwalawa.” Kuwululeni kunyoza kulikonse koteroko kwa akuluakulu a chipatala limodzinso ndi kwa achibale anu kapena kwa minisitala wanu; iwo angakhale okhoza kukulankhulirani.

Bwanji Ngati Pabuka Vuto?

Pakhala nthaŵi pamene, mosasamala kanthu ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mfundozi, odwala amakhala akukangana mowopsa ndi amchipatala. Chinkana kuti zochitika zoterozo nzakamodzikamodzi, kodi muyenera kuchitanji mutadzipeza mwadzidzidzi muli m’vuto loterolo?

Choyamba, musachite manjenje. Kaŵirikaŵiri iyi imakhala nthaŵi yovuta kwa onse ophatikizidwamo, pamene ukali udakali wamphamvu. Chotero kukhala kwanu wabata, wolingalira, ndi waulemu kungakhale thandizo lalikulu. Chachiŵiri, lingalirani ndi kugwiritsira ntchito magwero onse othekera. Chipatalacho chingakhale ndi woimira odwala amene mungakambitsirane naye ndi yemwe mungapempheko thandizo.

Mboni za Yehova zimatsimikizira kulankhula ndi akulu a kumpingo kwawo. Aphungu anzeru ndi ozoloŵerawa angathedi kuthandiza kupeza chipatala chogwirizanika ngati mkhalidwewo uli wowopsa kwambiri kotero kuti pafunikira kusamutsidwa.c Akristu owona amakumbukiranso kudalira pamphamvu za Yehova Mulungu. M’nthaŵi zovuta kaŵirikaŵiri sipamakhala yankho lirilonse, lokhutiritsa, ndipo ndimphamvu zathu zokha, sitingadziŵedi kotembenukira. Ambiri apeza kuti pamene zaumunthu zonse zothekera zachitidwa, kutembenukira kwa Mulungu m’pemphero kwatulukapo osati chitonthozo chokha komanso m’mayankho osayembekezereka.—1 Akorinto 10:13; Afilipi 4:6, 7.

Tikungoyembekezera kuti, inu simudzakhala ndi aliwonse a mavutowa, koma nkwabwino kukonzekera pasadakhale. Kumbukiraninso kuti inu mukuyembekezeredwanso kuchita zinthu zina pamene muli m’chipatala. Chipatala ndiwo malo abwino kwambiri osonyezerako mikhalidwe Yachikristu yonga kuleza mtima, kuyamikira ubwino wosonyezedwa, ndipo makamaka kuthokoza omwe amakuthandizani. Kulemba kalata yachidule pambuyo pachithandizo kwa ogwira ntchito m’chipatala, kapena mphatso yochepera yoperekedwa monga chisonyezero cha chiyamikiro, kumapanga chizindikiro chosatha. Kukhala kwanu m’chipatala kungakupatseni mwaŵi wa kuperekera umboni ndi mkhalidwe wanu wopereka chitsanzo chabwino, mwakutero mukumathandizira dzina labwino limene Akristu owona amasangalala nalo monga odwala.—1 Petro 2:12.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 5]

Mutakhala Wodwala m’Chipatala

Nayi ndandanda yofufuza odwalira m’chipatala:

◻ 1. Nyamulani Medical Directive/Release Document yatsopano kapena ndemanga yolembedwa, yosainidwa ya zokhumba zanu.

◻ 2. Sankhani dokotala wanu mosamalitsa.

◻ 3. Tsimikizirani kuti kudwalira m’chipatalako nkofunika.

◻ 4. Ŵerengani ndi kudzaza mafomu oloŵera m’chipatala mosamalitsa. Ngati ndinu mmodzi wa Mboni za Yehova, zidziŵikitseni mofulumira.

◻ 5. Bweretsani zinthu zanu zofunikira zochepa, zonga ngati chovala pokasamba, zamchimbuzi ndi zosambira, ndi zinthu zoŵerenga.

◻ 6. Musiye kunyumba zokometsera, zinthu zambiri, zamagetsi ndi ndalama zochuluka.

[Bokosi patsamba 7]

Ndandanda ya Zoyenerera Wodwala

Wodwala ataloŵa m’chipatala, sayenera kukhwethemulidwa ndi maonekedwe a komweko ndikuganiza kuti alibe chonena. Iye ali ndi zomuyenerera zimene zipatala zambiri ndi ogwiramo ntchito ali osangalala kuzilemekeza. Zoyenerera zotsatirazi zalembedwa ndipo zachotsedwa pandandanda ya khumi m’bukhu lakuti How to Stay Out Of the Hospital, lolembedwa ndi Lila L. Anastas, R.N.d

Wodwala ali ndi kuyenerera kwa:

1. Kusamaliridwa kolingalira ndi kwaulemu kwa wogwira ntchito waluso.

2. Kutenga kwa sing’anga wake chidziŵitso chatsopano ndi chokwanira chonena za matenda ake, mankhwala opatsidwa ndi zotulukapo zake m’mawu oikidwa m’kalembedwe koti wodwalayo angakamve.

3. Kulandira kuchokera kwa sing’anga wake chidziŵitso choyenerera kupereka chimvano chomveka pamene njira kapena kupatsidwa mankhwala kulikonse kusanayambike. Patakhala njira ina yapadera yamankhwala, wodwala ali ndi kuyenerera kwa kudziŵa chidziŵitso choterocho.

4. Kukana mankhwala pamlingo wovomerezeka ndi lamulo.

5. Kulingaliridwa kulikonse kwamseri ponena za programu ya mankhwala ake omusamalira.

6. Kuyembekezera kuti kukambitsirana ndi zolembedwa zirizonse zonena za kumsamalira zisamaliridwe mwachinsinsi.

7. Kuyembekezera kuti chipatala, m’mphamvu zake, chiyenera kuyankha wodwala molingalirika kaamba ka mautumiki kapena kusamutsidwa kunka ku china kutavomerezedwa mwamankhwala.

8. Kufufuza chidziŵitso chonena za unansi uliwonse wa chipatalacho ku ziungwe zina zosamalira umoyo ndi maphunziro mogwirizana ndi kusamaliridwa kwake.

9. Kudziŵitsidwa ngati chipatala chikulingalira za kudziloŵetsa kapena kuchita kupima koyesera koyambukira chisamaliro chake kapena kupatsidwa mankhwala.

10. Kuyembekezera kupitirizidwa kolingalirika kwa chisamaliro ndikuwadziŵa pasadakhale asing’anga omusamalira amene alipo ndi kumene amakhala.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 8]

Kutetezeredwa ndi Kukhalamo ndi Phande kwa Wodwala

“Mongadi mmene munthu wonenezedwa mlandu safunikira kupita kukhoti popanda loya, choteronso palibe wodwala amene ayenera kuloŵa m’chipatala cha mumzinda waukulu popanda chiŵalo cha banja kapena bwenzi lapamtima lokonzekera kuyang’anira zofuna za wodwalayo ndikumlankhulira kutafunikira kutero.”—June Bingham, The Washington Post, August 12, 1990.

“M’mibadwo yonse lingaliro lakuti wodwala adzikhalamo ndi phande m’zosankha zamankhwala lakhala lachilendo m’malingaliro ndi kachitidwe ka asing’anga. Ndipo odwala azindikira m’zokumana nazo zoipitsitsa kuti kufunsa mafunso ambirimbiri ofuna kudziŵa chinthu kungawalekanitse nafe, popeza kuti kaŵirikaŵiri nafenso timakwiya nawo mafunso oterowo.

“Komabe, lingaliro lakuti timadziŵa zinthu zoti zingakondweretse odwala athu ndipo chotero tingaŵachitire zinthu popanda kuŵafunsa, nlabodza ladzawoneni kwakuti munthu angazizwe ndi chiyanjo champhamvu chimene chachilikiza lingaliroli. . . .

“Tingakangane ndi odwala, ngakhale kutsutsana nawo, ngakhake kuŵanyenga, koma zonsezi tiyenera kuzichita mumzimu wa kuŵasamalira. Kwakukulukulu tiyenera kulemekeza zimene odwala amafuna kwa ife kapena zimene samazifuna kwa ife.”—Dr. Jay Katz, dokotala wa maganizo, profesa pa Yale University, The Medical Post, Canada.

“Odwala siana ndipo asing’anga simakolo. . . . Ndithudi, kumamveka kwachilendo kumakumbutsa ophunzira zamankhwala, limodzinso ndi asing’anga, kuti odwala nawonso amayembekezera zoyembekezeredwa ndi adokotala . . . kukhulupiriridwa ndi kudzikhulupirira, kuloledwa kudziimira pawokha ndipo osapotoza oŵachilikiza, kulankhula nawo ndi kumvedwa, kuchitiridwa monga ofanana ndipo osalamulidwa, kulola njira yawo ya moyo kulemekezedwa, ndi kuloledwa kukhala ndi moyo m’njira imene aifuna.”—The Silent World of Doctor and Patient, lolembedwa ndi Dr. Jay Katz.

“Utumiki wathu umayambira pakulankhula ndi wodwala. Kukambirana ndi odwala okwanira 4 miliyoni tsiku lirilonse kumapatsa adokotala a ku Amereka mwaŵi wa kusonyeza osati luso lathu lokha, komanso chifundo chathu chenicheni, kusamalira kwathu, ndi kudzipereka kwathu kwa munthu wodwala aliyense amene timatumikira.”—James E. Davis, M.D., pulezidenti wa American Medical Association.