Lingaliro la Baibulo

Kutsimikizira Kodi Kuli Chiyeneretso Chachikristu?

“Kutsimikizira ndiko lumbiro lopatulika lomwe limatsimikiziritsa Mkristu wobatizidwa ungwiro wokwanira wa moyo Wachikristu, kumpangitsa kukhala wachikulire mwauzimu, msirikali, ndi mboni ya Kristu.”—The Catholic Encyclopedia for School and Home.

APROTESTANTI ambiri amatsutsa lingaliro lakuti kutsimikizira kuli lumbiro lopatulika. Komabe, Thomas Aquinas, katswiri wamaphunziro azaumulungu Wachikatolika wa m’zaka za zana la 13 analemba kuti “kutsimikizira ndiko chiyero chomalizira cha lumbiro lopatulika la ubatizo.” Mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, mafunso aŵa amabuka: Kodi Akristu oyambirira enieni anachita kutsimikizira? Kodi kachitidwe kamwambo kameneko kali chiyeneretso Chachikristu lerolino?

New Catholic Encyclopedia ikuvomereza kuti: “Palibe chirichonse mu Uthenga Wabwino chimene chimasonyeza kuti Yesu Iyemwiniyo anakhazikitsa Lumbiro Lopatulika la Kutsimikizira.” Choncho kodi nchifukwa ninji aphunzitsi atchalitchi pambuyo pake anachilikiza lingaliro lakuti pambuyo pa ubatizo, dzoma lachiŵiri, lomwe lingaphatikizepo kudzozedwa ndi mafuta ndi kuikidwa manja, linali lofunikira kumpangitsa munthu kukhala membala weniweni wa tchalitchi?

Kodi Kutsimikizira Kunayamba Motani?

Ubatizo wamakanda unali mfundo yaikulu imene inatsogolera ku kufunika kwa lumbiro lina lopatulika. Bukhu lakuti Christianity likunena kuti: “Pozindikira mavuto ochititsidwa ndi kubatiza makanda, matchalitchi . . . amakumbutsa awo amene anabatizidwa za chimene ubatizowo umatanthauza mwa ‘kuwatsimikizira’ iwo pambuyo pake m’moyo.” Kodi kutsimikizira kumawakumbutsadi zimene ubatizo umatanthauza, kapena kodi kumabisa chowonadi cha ubatizo?

Chenicheni nchakuti ubatizo wamakanda ulibe chichilikizo m’Malemba. Mwachitsanzo, kuwaza khanda ndi madzi sikumamasula khandalo ku tchimo loyambirira; chikhulupiriro chokha m’nsembe yadipo ya Kristu Yesu ndicho chingachite zimenezo. (Yohane 3:16, 36; 1 Yohane 1:7) Ubatizo wam’madzi uli chizindikiro chowonekera chakuti munthu wobatizidwayo wadzipatulira kotheratu kupyolera mwa Yesu kuchita chifuniro cha Yehova Mulungu. Ubatizo wam’madzi uli wa ophunzira—‘okhulupirira’—osati makanda.—Mateyu 28:19, 20; Machitidwe 8:12.

New Catholic Encyclopedia imafunsa kuti: “Kodi Ubatizo unathera pati ndipo kodi Kutsimikizira kunayambira pati?” Iyo imayankha kuti: “Mwinamwake sitiyenera kuyesa kusiyanitsa kwenikweni, popeza kuti tikukambitsirana ponena za dzoma limodzi m’Tchalitchi choyambirira.” Inde, m’zaka za zana loyamba, “dzoma limodzi” lomwe linabweretsa umembala wokwanira mumpingo Wachikristu linali ubatizo.—Machitidwe 2:41, 42.

Kodi mwambo wa kutsimikizira, limodzi ndi kuika manja kwake, umafunikira munthu asanalandire mzimu woyera? Ayi. Mumpingo woyambirira Wachikristu, kuikidwa manja pambuyo pa kubatizidwa kunachitidwa kaamba ka mathayo apadera kapena kupereka mphatso zozizwitsa za mzimu. Mphatso zimenezi zinaleka kukhalako pamene atumwi anafa. (1 Akorinto 13:1, 8-10) Ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri kuika manja kuli kogwirizanitsidwa, osati ndi ubatizo wamadzi, koma ntchito zachindunji zoti zichitidwe mogwirizana ndi ntchito yaumishonale Yachikristu. (Machitidwe 6:1-6; 13:1-3) Choncho, lingaliro lakuti kutsimikizira kumapitiriza kuika manja kwa atumwiko ndikuti, monga momwe Basics of the Faith: A Catholic Catechism imanenera, “lumbiro lopatulika limene limasintha munthu kotheratu kwakuti akhoza kulilandira kamodzi kokha,” limatsimikiziridwa kukhala lonyenga litasanthulidwa mosamalitsa.

Mtumwi Paulo anachenjeza zakupatuka pa chowonadi chenicheni cha Baibulo: “Idzafika ndithu nthaŵi imene, mmalo mokhutira ndi chiphunzitso cholamitsa, anthu adzalakalaka nthano yatsopano . . . ndiyeno, m’malo momvetsera ku chowonadi, iwo adzatembenukira ku nthano zachabe.” (2 Timoteo 4:3, 4, The Jerusalem Bible) Komabe, awo amene amakhulupirira dzoma la kutsimikizira amagwira zitsanzo ziŵiri Zamalemba monga umboni.

Kodi Palidi Maziko Amalemba?

Kaŵirikaŵiri cholembedwa chopezeka pa Machitidwe 8:14-17 chimagwiritsiridwa ntchito monga maziko a kutsimikizira. Komabe, kuika manja kumeneku kuti alandire mzimu woyera kunali chochitika chapadera. Motani? Asamariya sanali otembenuka Achiyuda. Chifukwa chake, iwo anakhala osakhala Aisrayeli oyambirira kuwonjezeredwa ku mpingo Wachikristu. Pamene wophunzira Filipo analalikira m’Samariya, Asamariya ambiri “anabatizidwa, amuna ndi akazi,” koma iwo sanalandire mzimu woyera panthaŵi yomweyo. (Machitidwe 8:12) Chifukwa ninji?

Kumbukirani kuti, anali Petro amene Kristu Yesu anaikizira ‘mfungulo za ufumu’—mwaŵi wakupereka kwanthaŵi yoyamba mpata wakuloŵa ‘ufumu wakumwamba’ kwa magulu osiyanasiyana a otembenuka. (Mateyu 16:19) Chotero kunali kufikira pamene Petro ndi Yohane anapita ku Samariya ndikuika manja awo pa ophunzira oyambirira osakhala Ayuda ameneŵa kuti mzimu woyera unatsanuliridwa pa iwo monga chikole cha umembala wawo woyembekezera mu ‘ufumu wakumwamba.’

Ena amawona m’Machitidwe 19:1-6 umboni wakuti Akristu oyambirira anali ndi dzoma losiyana pambuyo pa ubatizo. Komabe, m’chochitikachi, kuli kwachiwonekere kuti chifukwa chosaperekera mzimu woyera kwa ophunzira ena mumzinda wa Efeso chinali chakuti okhulupirira atsopanoŵa anabatizidwa “mu ubatizo wa Yohane,” womwe sunalinso kugwira ntchito. (Onaninso Machitidwe 18:24-26.) Pamene anafotokozeredwa zimenezi, mofulumira “anabatizidwa m’dzina la Ambuye Yesu.” Ndipo panthaŵiyi, mtumwi Paulo ‘anaika manja ake pa iwo’ kotero kuti alandire mphatso zina zozizwitsa za mzimu woyera wa Mulungu kuwonjezera pa kukhala otengedwa monga ana auzimu a Mulungu.—Aroma 8:15, 16.

Pofotokoza zolembedwa zimenezi, New Dictionary of Theology imanena kuti: “Palibe kugwiritsira ntchito kopitirizabe kwachindunji komwe kungalondoledwe ku zochitika zimenezi, ndipo, ngakhale ngati zikupereka chitsanzo, nkokaikiritsa kuti kaya ziyenera kuwonedwa monga muyezo wa mwambo Wachikristu monga momwe ubatizo wa madzi uliri. . . . Machitidwe a Atumwi ali ndi zochitika zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ubatizo wa madzi popanda kuika manja kotsatirapo (kotero kuti zochitikazi ziridi zapadera kwenikweni).” Inde, izi zinali zochita zapadera zolakira mikhalidwe yapadera.

New Dictionary of Theology ikumaliza kuti: “Dzoma lotchedwa ‘kutsimikizira’ lakhala ‘dzoma lofunafuna maphunziro azaumulungu.’” Kwenikwenidi, ilo liri dzoma losakhala lamalemba, chotulukapo cha ziphunzitso zolakwika, ndipo ndithudi siliri chiyeneretso cha Akristu.