Makolo Kodi Mwana Wanu Akuseŵera ndi Chiyani?

“MWANA wosaseŵera koma ntchito basi sakula.” Umatero mwambi wakale. Nthaŵi zonse kuseŵera kwakhala mbali yofunika m’miyoyo ya ana. Maseŵera akhala njira imene ana amakulitsira maganizo ndi nyonga zawo ndi maluso ofunika. Komabe, maseŵera a ana amakono akhala malonda aakulu kwambiri. Dziko la maseŵera silimalamuliridwa ndi ana kapena makolo, koma makampani opanga zoseŵeretsa, ogulitsa malonda, osatsa malonda, ndi akatswiri ofufuza msika. Pokhala ndi luso latsopano lopangira zoseŵeretsa ndipo pochirikizidwa ndi zofalitsira nkhani zamphamvu, iwo akusintha dziko la maseŵera—akumachititsa ziyambukiro zazikulu kwa makolo ndi ana omwe.

Mosakayikira konse, opanga zoseŵeretsa ambiri amafunadi ana kukhala ndi mkhalidwe wabwino. Komabe, kaŵirikaŵiri phindu ndilo limakhala chinthu choyamba. Nkhani yaikulu siimakhala chimene chidzaphunzitsa ana kapena kusonkhezera kuyerekezera zinthu m’maganizo awo, koma kokha chimene chidzagulika kwambiri. Ndipo chimene chimagulika kwambiri sichimakhala nthaŵi zonse zoseŵeretsa wamba zakale pang’ono za nsalu, mtengo, ndi pulasitiki, koma zoseŵeretsa za luso lapamwamba, zoonekera kukhala zenizeni kwa mwana kwakuti safunikira kwenikweni kuyerekezera zinthu m’maganizo.

Mwachitsanzo, kampani ina yopanga zoseŵeretsa imagulitsa seti ya timagalimoto toseŵeretsa tokhalamo tizidole timene timapasuka pogundana. Pamene timagalimoto timeneto tigundana, tizidoleto timaduka mikono yawo, miyendo—ndi mitu—zikumatulukira pa mazenera a timagalimoto tawoto. Palinso choseŵeretsa china chosonyeza monga zenizeni chimene chimayerekezera pathupi. Kathumba ka nsalu yofeŵa kolinganizidwa kumangidwa pamimba pa kamtsikana kamayerekezera kutakata kwa mluza womakula m’mimba ndi kugunda kwa mtima wake.

Ena amakhulupirira kuti zoseŵeretsa zoterozo zimaphunzitsa ana. Donna Gibbs, woyang’anira maunansi a makampani ndi ofalitsa nkhani wa kampani ina yopanga zoseŵeretsa, amatcha kuyerekezera mimbako kukhala “njira yosangalatsa kwa [tiatsikana] yodziŵira zimene zimachitika kwa amayi awo.” Komabe, si aliyense amene ali ndi lingaliro lofanana ndi lake. Dr. T. Berry Brazelton, profesa wa makulidwe ndi nthenda za ana pa Harvard University Medical School, amatcha choseŵeretsa chimenechi kukhala “chowononga mwaŵi wa kholo wa kufotokozera mwana chinthu cha mtengo wapatali.” Dr. David Elkind, profesa wa maphunziro a za ana, akutsutsa kuti “zoseŵeretsa zimenezi zikupyola malire.” Iye akuti choseŵeretsa chimene chimayerekezera mluza “chili kutali kwambiri ndi zimene [ana] angamvetsetse kapena kuzindikira.” Ponena za zoseŵeretsa zimene zimayerekezera kupha m’ngozi ya galimoto, iye akuwonjezera kuti popeza kuti wailesi ya kanema njodzala kale ndi chiwawa, “nkuwonjezereranji kuipa kwake ndi choseŵeretsa cha mtundu umenewu?”—The Globe and Mail, February 8, 1992.

Palinso mkangano ponena za maseŵero ena otchuka, onga ngati maseŵero ankhondo a pa vidiyo ndi mfuti zamadzi zamphamvu kwambiri. Polingalira kuti, malinga ndi kunena kwa prezidenti wa Toy Manufacturers of America, “pali unyinji wa zoseŵeretsa pafupifupi 150,000 pamsika nthaŵi iliyonse,” makolo ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kusankha zoseŵeretsa zimene ayenera kugula. Kodi nchiyani chimene chiyenera kutsogolera makolo m’mbali imeneyi? Kodi pali chifukwa chabwino choda nacho nkhaŵa ponena za zoseŵeretsa zina za lerolino? Nkhani zotsatira zidzapenda mafunso ameneŵa ndi ena ofanana nawo.